حج

Arabic

Etymology 1.1

From ح ج ج (ḥ j j). Compare Hebrew חַג (ḥaḡ, “feast-day”), Classical Syriac ܚܓܐ (ḥaggā, “feast”), Classical Syriac ܚܳܓ (ḥāgg, “to go around”), Ge'ez ሕግ (ḥəgg, “law”), Ge'ez ሐገገ (ḥaggaga, “to legislate, to decree”). Perhaps related to حَقَّ (ḥaqqa, “to be right”) and words corresponding to this root in the other Semitic languages, there being for example Hebrew חוק (ḥóqq, “law”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ħad͡ʒ.d͡ʒa/

Verb

حَجَّ • (ḥajja) I (non-past يَحُجُّ (yaḥujju), verbal noun حَجّ (ḥajj))

to overcome, defeat, defend (with arguments, evidence, etc.)
to convince
(religion) to make a pilgrimage
1. (Islam) to perform the hajj (make a pilgrimage to Mecca according to a specific ritual)
to go towards, visit, repair to (obsolete)

Conjugation

Conjugation of **حَجَّ** (I, geminate, a ~ u, full passive, verbal noun **حَجّ**)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					حَجّ ḥajj
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					حَاجّ ḥājj
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مَحْجُوج maḥjūj
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	حَجَجْتُ ḥajajtu	حَجَجْتَ ḥajajta	حَجَّ ḥajja	حَجَجْتُمَا ḥajajtumā	حَجَّا ḥajjā	حَجَجْنَا ḥajajnā	حَجَجْتُمْ ḥajajtum	حَجُّوا ḥajjū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	حَجَجْتُ ḥajajtu	حَجَجْتِ ḥajajti	حَجَّتْ ḥajjat	حَجَجْتُمَا ḥajajtumā	حَجَّتَا ḥajjatā	حَجَجْنَا ḥajajnā	حَجَجْتُنَّ ḥajajtunna	حَجَجْنَ ḥajajna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَحُجُّ ʔaḥujju	تَحُجُّ taḥujju	يَحُجُّ yaḥujju	تَحُجَّانِ taḥujjāni	يَحُجَّانِ yaḥujjāni	نَحُجُّ naḥujju	تَحُجُّونَ taḥujjūna	يَحُجُّونَ yaḥujjūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أَحُجُّ ʔaḥujju	تَحُجِّينَ taḥujjīna	تَحُجُّ taḥujju	تَحُجَّانِ taḥujjāni	تَحُجَّانِ taḥujjāni	نَحُجُّ naḥujju	تَحْجُجْنَ taḥjujna	يَحْجُجْنَ yaḥjujna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَحُجَّ ʔaḥujja	تَحُجَّ taḥujja	يَحُجَّ yaḥujja	تَحُجَّا taḥujjā	يَحُجَّا yaḥujjā	نَحُجَّ naḥujja	تَحُجُّوا taḥujjū	يَحُجُّوا yaḥujjū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَحُجَّ ʔaḥujja	تَحُجِّي taḥujjī	تَحُجَّ taḥujja	تَحُجَّا taḥujjā	تَحُجَّا taḥujjā	نَحُجَّ naḥujja	تَحْجُجْنَ taḥjujna	يَحْجُجْنَ yaḥjujna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَحُجَّ, أَحُجِّ, أَحْجُجْ ʔaḥujja, ʔaḥujji, ʔaḥjuj	تَحُجَّ, تَحُجِّ, تَحْجُجْ taḥujja, taḥujji, taḥjuj	يَحُجَّ, يَحُجِّ, يَحْجُجْ yaḥujja, yaḥujji, yaḥjuj	تَحُجَّا taḥujjā	يَحُجَّا yaḥujjā	نَحُجَّ, نَحُجِّ, نَحْجُجْ naḥujja, naḥujji, naḥjuj	تَحُجُّوا taḥujjū	يَحُجُّوا yaḥujjū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أَحُجَّ, أَحُجِّ, أَحْجُجْ ʔaḥujja, ʔaḥujji, ʔaḥjuj	تَحُجِّي taḥujjī	تَحُجَّ, تَحُجِّ, تَحْجُجْ taḥujja, taḥujji, taḥjuj	تَحُجَّا taḥujjā	تَحُجَّا taḥujjā	نَحُجَّ, نَحُجِّ, نَحْجُجْ naḥujja, naḥujji, naḥjuj	تَحْجُجْنَ taḥjujna	يَحْجُجْنَ yaḥjujna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		حُجَّ, حُجِّ, اُحْجُجْ ḥujja, ḥujji, uḥjuj		حُجَّا ḥujjā			حُجُّوا ḥujjū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		حُجِّي ḥujjī		حُجَّا ḥujjā			اُحْجُجْنَ uḥjujna

passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	حُجِجْتُ ḥujijtu	حُجِجْتَ ḥujijta	حُجَّ ḥujja	حُجِجْتُمَا ḥujijtumā	حُجَّا ḥujjā	حُجِجْنَا ḥujijnā	حُجِجْتُمْ ḥujijtum	حُجُّوا ḥujjū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	حُجِجْتُ ḥujijtu	حُجِجْتِ ḥujijti	حُجَّتْ ḥujjat	حُجِجْتُمَا ḥujijtumā	حُجَّتَا ḥujjatā	حُجِجْنَا ḥujijnā	حُجِجْتُنَّ ḥujijtunna	حُجِجْنَ ḥujijna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُحَجُّ ʔuḥajju	تُحَجُّ tuḥajju	يُحَجُّ yuḥajju	تُحَجَّانِ tuḥajjāni	يُحَجَّانِ yuḥajjāni	نُحَجُّ nuḥajju	تُحَجُّونَ tuḥajjūna	يُحَجُّونَ yuḥajjūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُحَجُّ ʔuḥajju	تُحَجِّينَ tuḥajjīna	تُحَجُّ tuḥajju	تُحَجَّانِ tuḥajjāni	تُحَجَّانِ tuḥajjāni	نُحَجُّ nuḥajju	تُحْجَجْنَ tuḥjajna	يُحْجَجْنَ yuḥjajna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُحَجَّ ʔuḥajja	تُحَجَّ tuḥajja	يُحَجَّ yuḥajja	تُحَجَّا tuḥajjā	يُحَجَّا yuḥajjā	نُحَجَّ nuḥajja	تُحَجُّوا tuḥajjū	يُحَجُّوا yuḥajjū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُحَجَّ ʔuḥajja	تُحَجِّي tuḥajjī	تُحَجَّ tuḥajja	تُحَجَّا tuḥajjā	تُحَجَّا tuḥajjā	نُحَجَّ nuḥajja	تُحْجَجْنَ tuḥjajna	يُحْجَجْنَ yuḥjajna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُحَجَّ, أُحَجِّ, أُحْجَجْ ʔuḥajja, ʔuḥajji, ʔuḥjaj	تُحَجَّ, تُحَجِّ, تُحْجَجْ tuḥajja, tuḥajji, tuḥjaj	يُحَجَّ, يُحَجِّ, يُحْجَجْ yuḥajja, yuḥajji, yuḥjaj	تُحَجَّا tuḥajjā	يُحَجَّا yuḥajjā	نُحَجَّ, نُحَجِّ, نُحْجَجْ nuḥajja, nuḥajji, nuḥjaj	تُحَجُّوا tuḥajjū	يُحَجُّوا yuḥajjū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُحَجَّ, أُحَجِّ, أُحْجَجْ ʔuḥajja, ʔuḥajji, ʔuḥjaj	تُحَجِّي tuḥajjī	تُحَجَّ, تُحَجِّ, تُحْجَجْ tuḥajja, tuḥajji, tuḥjaj	تُحَجَّا tuḥajjā	تُحَجَّا tuḥajjā	نُحَجَّ, نُحَجِّ, نُحْجَجْ nuḥajja, nuḥajji, nuḥjaj	تُحْجَجْنَ tuḥjajna	يُحْجَجْنَ yuḥjajna

Descendants

→ Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܗܵܝܸܓ̰ (hāyij, “to wander aimlessly”)

Etymology 1.2

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ħad͡ʒd͡ʒ/
- (Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ħaɡɡ/
- (Moroccan) IPA^(key): /ħaʒʒ/
- (North Levantine) IPA^(key): /ħaʒʒ/

Noun

حَجّ • (ḥajj) m (usually uncountable)

verbal noun of حَجَّ (ḥajja) (form I)
(religion) pilgrimage
1. (Islam) hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca according to a specific ritual)

Declension

Declension of noun **حَجّ** (ḥajj)
singular	basic singular triptote
singular	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	حَجّ ḥajj	الْحَجّ al-ḥajj	حَجّ ḥajj
nominative	حَجٌّ ḥajjun	الْحَجُّ al-ḥajju	حَجُّ ḥajju
accusative	حَجًّا ḥajjan	الْحَجَّ al-ḥajja	حَجَّ ḥajja
genitive	حَجٍّ ḥajjin	الْحَجِّ al-ḥajji	حَجِّ ḥajji

Synonyms

حِجَّة (ḥijja)

Related terms

اِحْتِجَاج (iḥtijāj)
تَحَجُّج (taḥajjuj)
حَاجّ (ḥājj)
حَجَاج (ḥajāj)
حُجَّة (ḥujja)
حُجِّيَّة (authority)
ذُو الْحِجَّة (ḏū l-ḥijja)
مَحَجَّة (maḥajja)
مَحَجّ (maḥajj)
مُحْتَجّ (muḥtajj)

References

Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “حج”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎^[1] (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 248
Freytag, Georg (1830) “حج”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎^[2] (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 344
Lane, Edward William (1863-1893) “حج”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, pages 513–514.
Wehr, Hans (1979) “حج”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, pages 183–184

Egyptian Arabic

Root
ح ج ج
1 term

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ħaɡɡ/, [ħæɡː] (before a vowel), [ˈħæɡːe] (before a consonant), [ħæɡ] (sentence-final)

Etymology 1

From Arabic حَاجّ (ḥājj), active participle of حَجَّ (ḥajja, “to preform the hajj”).

Noun

حجّ • (ḥagg) m (plural حجّاج (ḥuggāg), feminine حجّة (ḥagga))

(singular only) Traditional term of address to an older man.
One who has preformed hajj.

Etymology 2

From Arabic حَجَّ (ḥajja).

Verb

حجّ • (ḥagg) I (verbal noun حجّ (ḥagg), active participle حاجج (ḥāgig))

to make a pilgrimage to Mecca, to preform hajj

Conjugation

Conjugation of حج
		singular			plural
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
past	m	حجيت (ḥaggēt)	حجيت (ḥaggēt)	حج (ḥagg)	حجينا (ḥaggēna)	حجيتوا (ḥaggētu)	حجوا (ḥaggu)
past	f	حجيت (ḥaggēt)	حجيتي (ḥaggēti)	حجت (ḥaggit)	حجينا (ḥaggēna)	حجيتوا (ḥaggētu)	حجوا (ḥaggu)
present subjunctive	m	احج (aḥigg)	تحج (tiḥigg)	يحج (yiḥigg)	نحج (niḥigg)	تحجوا (tiḥiggu)	يحجوا (yiḥiggu)
present subjunctive	f	احج (aḥigg)	تحجي (tiḥiggi)	تحج (tíḥigg)	نحج (niḥigg)	تحجوا (tiḥiggu)	يحجوا (yiḥiggu)
present indicative	m	بحج (baḥigg)	بتحج (bitḥigg)	بيحج (biyḥigg)	بنحج (binḥigg)	بتحجوا (bitḥiggu)	بيحجوا (biyḥiggu)
present indicative	f	بحج (baḥigg)	بتحجي (bitḥiggi)	بتحج (bitḥigg)	بنحج (binḥigg)	بتحجوا (bitḥiggu)	بيحجوا (biyḥiggu)
future¹	m	هحج (haḥigg)	هتحج (hatḥigg)	هيحج (hayḥigg)	هنحج (hanḥigg)	هتحجوا (hatḥiggu)	هيحجوا (hayḥiggu)
future¹	f	هحج (haḥigg)	هتحجي (hatḥiggi)	هتحج (hatḥigg)	هنحج (hanḥigg)	هتحجوا (hatḥiggu)	هيحجوا (hayḥiggu)
imperative	m		حج (ḥigg)			حجوا (ḥiggu)
imperative	f		حجي (ḥiggi)			حجوا (ḥiggu)

¹ The future tense can be prefixed with either هـ (ha-) or حـ (ḥa-) depending on the speaker.

Moroccan Arabic

Root
ح ج ج
1 term

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ħaʒʒ/
Audio: (file)

Etymology 1

From Arabic حَجَّ (ḥajja).

Verb

حج • (ḥagg) I (non-past يحُج (yḥujj) or يحَج (yḥajj))

to make a pilgrimage to mecca

Conjugation

Conjugation of حج
		singular			plural
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
past	m	حجّيت (ḥajjīt)	حجّيتي (ḥajjīti)	حجّ (ḥajj)	حجّينا (ḥajjīna)	حجّيتوا (ḥajjītu)	حجّوا (ḥajju)
past	f	حجّيت (ḥajjīt)	حجّيتي (ḥajjīti)	حجّت (ḥajjāt)	حجّينا (ḥajjīna)	حجّيتوا (ḥajjītu)	حجّوا (ḥajju)
non-past	m	نحجّ (nḥujj)	تحجّ (tḥujj)	يحجّ (yḥujj)	نحجّوا (nḥujju)	تحجّوا (tḥujju)	يحجّوا (yḥujju)
non-past	f	نحجّ (nḥujj)	تحجّي (tḥujji)	تحجّ (tḥujj)	نحجّوا (nḥujju)	تحجّوا (tḥujju)	يحجّوا (yḥujju)
imperative	m		حجّ (ḥujj)			حجّوا (ḥujju)
imperative	f		حجّي (ḥujji)			حجّوا (ḥujju)

Conjugation of حج
		singular			plural
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
past	m	حجّيت (ḥajjīt)	حجّيتي (ḥajjīti)	حجّ (ḥajj)	حجّينا (ḥajjīna)	حجّيتوا (ḥajjītu)	حجّوا (ḥajju)
past	f	حجّيت (ḥajjīt)	حجّيتي (ḥajjīti)	حجّت (ḥajjāt)	حجّينا (ḥajjīna)	حجّيتوا (ḥajjītu)	حجّوا (ḥajju)
non-past	m	نحجّ (nḥajj)	تحجّ (tḥajj)	يحجّ (yḥajj)	نحجّوا (nḥajju)	تحجّوا (tḥajju)	يحجّوا (yḥajju)
non-past	f	نحجّ (nḥajj)	تحجّي (tḥajji)	تحجّ (tḥajj)	نحجّوا (nḥajju)	تحجّوا (tḥajju)	يحجّوا (yḥajju)
imperative	m		حجّ (ḥajj)			حجّوا (ḥajju)
imperative	f		حجّي (ḥajji)			حجّوا (ḥajju)

Etymology 2

From Arabic حَجّ (ḥajj).

Noun

حج • (ḥajj) m (usually uncountable)

(religion) pilgrimage
1. (Islam) hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca according to a specific ritual)

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Arabic حَجّ (ḥajj).

Noun

حج • (hacc)

(Islam) hajj, pilgrimage to Mecca

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic حَجّ (ḥajj).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈhadd͡ʒ/

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [häd̪d͡ʒ]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [häd̪d͡ʒ]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [häd̪d͡ʒ̥]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [hæd̪d͡ʒ̥]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [häd̪d͡ʒ]

Readings
Classical reading^?	hajj
Dari reading^?	hajj
Iranian reading^?	hajj
Tajik reading^?	hajj

Noun


Iranian Persian	حج
Dari	حج
Tajik	ҳаҷҷ

حج • (hajj)

(Islam) pilgrimage to Mecca, hajj
- Rumi, Divan-e Shams, ghazal 648
  ای قوم به حج رفته کجایید کجایید
  معشوق همین جاست بیایید بیایید
  O, you people who have performed hajj, where are you? Where are you?
  The beloved is right here, come! Come!

Derived terms

حاجی (hâjji)

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian (hajj), from Arabic حَجّ (ḥajj).

Pronunciation

(Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /ɦəd̪d͡ʒ/

Noun

حج • (hajj) m (Hindi spelling हज्ज)

(Islam) hajj, pilgrimage to Mecca

Arabic

Etymology 1.1

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Descendants

Etymology 1.2

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Synonyms

Related terms

Further reading

References

Egyptian Arabic

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Etymology 2

Verb

Conjugation

Moroccan Arabic

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Verb

Conjugation

Etymology 2

Noun

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Noun

Persian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

Urdu

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun