حنتم
Arabic
Etymology
Shortened from attributive مُحَنْتَم (muḥantam, “glazed on the inner”), a borrowing of Classical Syriac ܡܚܬܡ (məḥattam, “finished”), so doublet of مُخَتَّم (muḵattam).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ħan.tam/
Noun
حَنْتَم • (ḥantam) m (collective, singulative حَنْتَمَة f (ḥantama), plural حَنَاتِم (ḥanātim))
- a container made from the colocynth and any dark green water-jug or crock
- 7th century CE, Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim, 36:54:
- نَهَى رَسُولُ ٱللّٰهِ صَلَّى ٱللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنِ الدُّبَّاءِ وَٱلْحَنْتَمِ وَٱلْمُزَفَّتِ وَٱلنَّقِيرِ وَأَنْ يُخْلَطَ الْبَلَحُ بِالزَّهْوِ.
- nahā rasūlu llāhi ṣallā llāhu ʕalayhi wasallama ʕani d-dubbāʔi wal-ḥantami wal-muzaffati wan-naqīri waʔan yuḵlaṭa l-balaḥu bi-z-zahwi.
- The prophet (PBUH) forbade [the preparation of wine] in a bottle-gourd, in a colocynth container, in a varnished jar, a hollow stump, and from mixing up ripe dates with nearly ripe dates.
- dark cloud
Declension
| collective | basic collective triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | حَنْتَم ḥantam |
الْحَنْتَم al-ḥantam |
حَنْتَم ḥantam |
| nominative | حَنْتَمٌ ḥantamun |
الْحَنْتَمُ al-ḥantamu |
حَنْتَمُ ḥantamu |
| accusative | حَنْتَمًا ḥantaman |
الْحَنْتَمَ al-ḥantama |
حَنْتَمَ ḥantama |
| genitive | حَنْتَمٍ ḥantamin |
الْحَنْتَمِ al-ḥantami |
حَنْتَمِ ḥantami |
| singulative | singulative triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | حَنْتَمَة ḥantama |
الْحَنْتَمَة al-ḥantama |
حَنْتَمَة ḥantamat |
| nominative | حَنْتَمَةٌ ḥantamatun |
الْحَنْتَمَةُ al-ḥantamatu |
حَنْتَمَةُ ḥantamatu |
| accusative | حَنْتَمَةً ḥantamatan |
الْحَنْتَمَةَ al-ḥantamata |
حَنْتَمَةَ ḥantamata |
| genitive | حَنْتَمَةٍ ḥantamatin |
الْحَنْتَمَةِ al-ḥantamati |
حَنْتَمَةِ ḥantamati |
| dual | indefinite | definite | construct |
| informal | حَنْتَمَتَيْن ḥantamatayn |
الْحَنْتَمَتَيْن al-ḥantamatayn |
حَنْتَمَتَيْ ḥantamatay |
| nominative | حَنْتَمَتَانِ ḥantamatāni |
الْحَنْتَمَتَانِ al-ḥantamatāni |
حَنْتَمَتَا ḥantamatā |
| accusative | حَنْتَمَتَيْنِ ḥantamatayni |
الْحَنْتَمَتَيْنِ al-ḥantamatayni |
حَنْتَمَتَيْ ḥantamatay |
| genitive | حَنْتَمَتَيْنِ ḥantamatayni |
الْحَنْتَمَتَيْنِ al-ḥantamatayni |
حَنْتَمَتَيْ ḥantamatay |
| paucal (3-10) | sound feminine paucal | ||
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | حَنْتَمَات ḥantamāt |
الْحَنْتَمَات al-ḥantamāt |
حَنْتَمَات ḥantamāt |
| nominative | حَنْتَمَاتٌ ḥantamātun |
الْحَنْتَمَاتُ al-ḥantamātu |
حَنْتَمَاتُ ḥantamātu |
| accusative | حَنْتَمَاتٍ ḥantamātin |
الْحَنْتَمَاتِ al-ḥantamāti |
حَنْتَمَاتِ ḥantamāti |
| genitive | حَنْتَمَاتٍ ḥantamātin |
الْحَنْتَمَاتِ al-ḥantamāti |
حَنْتَمَاتِ ḥantamāti |
| plural of variety | basic broken plural diptote | ||
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | حَنَاتِم ḥanātim |
الْحَنَاتِم al-ḥanātim |
حَنَاتِم ḥanātim |
| nominative | حَنَاتِمُ ḥanātimu |
الْحَنَاتِمُ al-ḥanātimu |
حَنَاتِمُ ḥanātimu |
| accusative | حَنَاتِمَ ḥanātima |
الْحَنَاتِمَ al-ḥanātima |
حَنَاتِمَ ḥanātima |
| genitive | حَنَاتِمَ ḥanātima |
الْحَنَاتِمِ al-ḥanātimi |
حَنَاتِمِ ḥanātimi |
Alternative forms
- حَلْتَم (ḥaltam), حَلْتَمِيَّة (ḥaltamiyya) — al-Andalus
Descendants
- → Old Spanish: altamía
- Spanish: altamía, antamilla
- → Old Galician-Portuguese: altamia
- Portuguese: altamia
References
- Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 374
- Freytag, Georg (1830) “حنتم”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[1] (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 433a
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “حنتم”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary[2], London: W.H. Allen, page 300a