خاکستر
Chagatai
Etymology
Borrowed from Classical Persian خَاکِسْتَر (xākistar).
Noun
خاکستر (xākistär)
Derived terms
Further reading
- Bahawudun, Muhemmettursun, Gheyurani, Ghenizat, Qadir, Isma'il, Ehet, Ablimit (2002) چاغاتاي تىلىنىڭ ئىزاھلىق لۇغىتى [Explanatory Dictionary of the Chagatai Language][1] (in Uyghur), Shinjang Xelq Neshriyati, →ISBN, page 218
Persian
Etymology
Inherited from Middle Persian [Term?].
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /xaː.kis.ˈtaɾ/
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [xɑː.kʰɪs.t̪ʰǽɾ]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [xɒː.kʰʲes.t̪ʰǽɹ]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [χɔ.kʰis.t̪ʰǽɾ]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | xākistar |
| Dari reading? | xākistar |
| Iranian reading? | xâkestar |
| Tajik reading? | xokistar |
Noun
خاکستر • (xākistar / xâkestar) (plural خاکسترها (xākistar-hā / xâkestar-hâ), Tajik spelling хокистар)
- ash, cinders
- c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 1609:
- کاملی گر خاک گیرد زر شود، ناقص ار زر برد خاکستر شود.
- kâmel-i gar xâk girad zar šavad, nâqes ar zar bord xâkestar šavad.
- If a perfect man take earth, it becomes gold; if an imperfect one has carried away gold, it becomes ashes.
- c. 1650, Muḥammad Ṭāhir Ğanī Kašmīrī, translated by Mufti Mudasir Farooqi and Nusrat Bazaz, دیوان [Divān]:
- نفس من شده از سوختگی خاکستر، گر شود آینه روشن ز دم من چه عجب.
- nafas-e man šode az suxtegi xâkestar, gar šavad âyene rowšan ze dam-e man če 'ajab.
- Burning, my soul has turned into ashes. What wonder if my breath polishes the mirror!
- 1980, پرویز بیگی حبیب‌آبادی, غریبانه [Gharibane]:
- هر سو نظری کردم، هر کو گذری کرد / خاکستر و خون دیدم، ویرانه به ویرانه.
- har su nazari kardam, har ku gozari kardam / xâkestar o xun didam, virâne be virâne.
- Everywhere I looked, every street I passed / I saw ashes and blood, ruin upon ruin.
Derived terms
verbs
- خاکستر کردن (xākistar kardan / xâkestar kardan, “to incinerate”)
adjectives
- خاکستر نشین (xākistar nišīn / xâkestar nešin, “impoverished”)
- خاکستری (xākistarī / xâkestari, “grey, ashen”)
Descendants
- → Chagatai: خاکستر (xākistär)