زغال

Khalaj

زُغال (zuğâl) (definite accusative زُغالؽ, plural زُغاللار)

زگال (zogâl), ژگال (žogâl), ذغال (zoġâl), سکار (sekâr), سگار (segâr), زکار (zekâr), زکال (zakâl)

Ultimately from Proto-Iranian *jar-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ar-, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵwelH- (“to burn, shine”). Compare Proto-Germanic *kulą (“coal”), Irish gual (“coal”).(Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [zʊ.ˈɣɑːl]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [zʊ.ˈɣɑːl]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [zu.ˈɣɔːl̥]


Iranian Persian	زغال
Dari	زغال
Tajik	зуғол

زغال • (zoġâl) (plural زغال‌ها)

coal
zoġâl-e qalyân râ sari' rowšan kardim.
We quickly lit the coal for the hookah.
charcoal
(literary or poetic) black, dark
dogwood, cornel
Synonym: قرانیا (qarâniyâ)

→ Arabic: زُوقَال (zūqāl)
→ Azerbaijani: zoğal
- → Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܙܘܓܠ f (zoġal)
→ Khalaj: zuğâl
→ Northern Kurdish: zuẍal
→ Middle Armenian: զողալ (zoġal), զղալ (zġal)
- Armenian: զողալ (zoġal), զուղալ (zuġal)
→? Middle Armenian: զկեռ (zkeṙ)
→ Ottoman Turkish: زغال (zuğal)
- Turkish: zağal; zanğal, zaval; zavrak; zoğal; zonğal; zoval; zuğal; zuhal; zuval
→ Udi: зокъал (zoq̇al)

Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “զողալ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, page 104a
Nourai, Ali (2011) An Etymological Dictionary of Persian, English and other Indo-European Languages, page 104
Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “زغال”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul