سفره
Ottoman Turkish
Alternative forms
- صفره (sofra)
Etymology
Borrowed from Classical Persian سفره (sofre, “tablecloth”), itself from Arabic سُفْرَة (sufra, “victuals”).
Noun
سفره • (sofra) (definite accusative سفره‌یی (sofrayı), plural سفر (sufar) or سفره‌لر (sofralar))
- (originally) leather sheet or eating mat that can be spread on the floor to eat on and then collected
- dining table, dinner table, a table, usually low and round, around which one eats seated on pillows
- Synonym: یمك سفره‌سی (yemek sofrası)
- (by extension) meal set out or placed on an eating mat or on a low dining table, ready to be eaten
Derived terms
- سفره آچمق (sofra açmak, “to prepare the table”)
- سفره اوطه‌سی (sofra odası, “dining room”)
- سفره باشنه كچمك (sofra başına geçmek, “to prepare the table”)
- سفره بزی (sofra bezi, “tablecloth”)
- سفره طاشیمق (sofra taşımak, “to prepare the table”)
- سفره طاقمی (sofra takımı, “place setting”)
- سفره قالدرمق (sofra kaldırmak, “to take away the table”)
- سفره قورمق (sofra kurmak, “to prepare the table”)
- سفره قپامق (sofra kapamak, “to close the table”)
- سفره چیقارمق (sofra çıkarmak, “to serve a table of food”)
- سفره‌جی (sofracı, “butler”)
- سفره‌لق (sofralık, “anything serving for a dining-table”)
- یمك سفره‌سی (yemek sofrası, “dining table”)
Descendants
- Turkish: sofra
- → Albanian: sofër
- → Aromanian: sufrã, sofrã
- → Bulgarian: софра́ (sofrá)
- → Crimean Tatar: sofra
- → Laz: სოჶრა (sofra)
- → Macedonian: софра (sofra)
- → Romanian: sofra
- → Serbo-Croatian: sȍfra, sȍpra, sȍvra
Further reading
click to expand
- Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1886) “سفره”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume II, Paris: E. Leroux, page 84
- Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “sofra”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 4277
- Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “سفره”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français[1], Vienna: F. Beck, page 271a
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “سفره”, in Dictionnaire turc-français[2] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 681
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Mappa”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum[3], Vienna, column 1009
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “سفره”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum[4], Vienna, column 2626
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “sofra”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “سفره”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1062
Persian
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic سُفْرَة (sufra, “victuals; table, especially for eating”). Displaced native خوان (xwān / xân). Cheung speculates it is from a root meaning to make up "beautify"[1]
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /suf.ˈɾa/
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [sʊf.ɾä]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [sof.ɹe]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [suf.ɾä]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | sufra |
| Dari reading? | sufra |
| Iranian reading? | sofre |
| Tajik reading? | sufra |
Audio (Iran): (file)
Noun
| Dari | سفره |
|---|---|
| Iranian Persian | |
| Tajik | суфра |
سفره • (sufra / sofre) (plural سفره‌ها (sufra-hā / sofre-hâ))
- tablecloth
- Synonyms: خوان (xwān / xân), خوانپایه (xwānpāya / xânpâye)
Derived terms
- ته سفره (tah sufra / tah sofre)
- سفره عقد (sufra aqd / sofre aġd)
- سفره ماهی (sufra māhī / sofre mâhi)
- سفره‌خانه (sufra-xāna / sofre-xâne, “restaurant”)
Descendants
- → Armenian: սուփրա (supʻra)
- → Azerbaijani: süfrə
- → Central Kurdish: سفرە (sifre)
- → Georgian: სუფრა (supra)
- → English: supra
- → Ottoman Turkish: سفره (sofra)
References
- ^ Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 368