قنبيل

Borrowed from Apabhramsa 𑆑𑆩𑆬 (kamala), from Sanskrit कमल (kamala). For the consonants underlying the conservative Apabhramsa spelling compare later Sindhi ڪَنَولُ / कंवलु, Punjabi ਕੰਵਲ / کَن٘وَل (kãval), Old Marathi 𑘎𑘪𑘯 (kavaḷa), Old Hindi कवल (kavala), Hindustani کَن٘وَل (kãval) / कँवल (kãval). Or more directly from Sanskrit काम्पिल्ल (kāmpilla), काम्पिल्य (kāmpilya, “Mallotus philippensis”). Ultimately a Dravidian borrowing.

• IPA^(key): /qan.biːl/

قَنْبِيل • (qanbīl) m

1. kamala (Mallotus philippensis and by modern extension Mallotus gen. et spp.)
   • a. 1050, مروان بن جناح [Marwān ibn Janāḥ], edited by Gerrit Bos, Fabian Käs, كتاب التلخيص [kitāb at-talḵīṣ] [On the Nomenclature of Medicinal Drugs], Leiden: Brill, published 2020, →DOI, →ISBN, 824 (fol. 70r,10–11), page 961:

     قنبيل، قال ابن ماسويه: هي تربة ⟨تشبه⟩ الرمل تعلوها صفرة، من الحاوي.

     Kamala. Ibn Māsawayh said, as stands in al-Rāzī’s Ḥāwī: It is a dust resembling sand of yellowness upon it.

   • a. 1165, ابن التلميذ [Ibn al-Tilmīḏ], edited by Oliver Kahl, The Dispensatory of Ibn At-Tilmīḏ الأقراباذين الكبير (Islamic Philosophy, Theology and Science. Texts and Studies; 70), Leiden: Brill, published 2007, →ISBN, page 69 Nr. 73:

     لحب القرع والديدان الكبير
     سرخس وبرنج وقنبيل وتربذ وترمس ومر متساوية الشربة أربعة دراهم بماء حار

     For (the treatment of ) flukes and large worms
     Male fern, embelia, kamala, turpeth, lupine, and myrrh (in) equal (parts). A potion (may be made by using) four dirham (of it) with hot water.