قوس

See also: قوش

Arabic

Etymology 1.1

Root
ق و س (q w s)
4 terms

Compare Ugaritic 𐎖𐎌𐎚 (qšt), Akkadian 𒄑𒉼 (qaštum), Hebrew קֶשֶׁת (qéšeṯ), Ge'ez ቀስት (ḳäst), ቀሥት (ḳäśt), ቀስተም (ḳästäm), ቀስታም (ḳästam), Amharic ቀስት (ḳäst), Tigrinya ቀስቲ (ḳästi), Tigre ቀሽ (ḳäš).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /qa.wi.sa/

Verb

قَوِسَ • (qawisa) I (non-past يَقْوَسُ (yaqwasu), verbal noun قَوَس (qawas))

to be/become bent/curved
to form or make a curved shape

Conjugation

Conjugation of **قَوِسَ** (I, sound, i ~ a, no passive, verbal noun **قَوَس**)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					قَوَس qawas
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					أَقْوَس ʔaqwas
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	قَوِسْتُ qawistu	قَوِسْتَ qawista	قَوِسَ qawisa	قَوِسْتُمَا qawistumā	قَوِسَا qawisā	قَوِسْنَا qawisnā	قَوِسْتُمْ qawistum	قَوِسُوا qawisū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	قَوِسْتُ qawistu	قَوِسْتِ qawisti	قَوِسَتْ qawisat	قَوِسْتُمَا qawistumā	قَوِسَتَا qawisatā	قَوِسْنَا qawisnā	قَوِسْتُنَّ qawistunna	قَوِسْنَ qawisna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَقْوَسُ ʔaqwasu	تَقْوَسُ taqwasu	يَقْوَسُ yaqwasu	تَقْوَسَانِ taqwasāni	يَقْوَسَانِ yaqwasāni	نَقْوَسُ naqwasu	تَقْوَسُونَ taqwasūna	يَقْوَسُونَ yaqwasūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أَقْوَسُ ʔaqwasu	تَقْوَسِينَ taqwasīna	تَقْوَسُ taqwasu	تَقْوَسَانِ taqwasāni	تَقْوَسَانِ taqwasāni	نَقْوَسُ naqwasu	تَقْوَسْنَ taqwasna	يَقْوَسْنَ yaqwasna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَقْوَسَ ʔaqwasa	تَقْوَسَ taqwasa	يَقْوَسَ yaqwasa	تَقْوَسَا taqwasā	يَقْوَسَا yaqwasā	نَقْوَسَ naqwasa	تَقْوَسُوا taqwasū	يَقْوَسُوا yaqwasū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَقْوَسَ ʔaqwasa	تَقْوَسِي taqwasī	تَقْوَسَ taqwasa	تَقْوَسَا taqwasā	تَقْوَسَا taqwasā	نَقْوَسَ naqwasa	تَقْوَسْنَ taqwasna	يَقْوَسْنَ yaqwasna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَقْوَسْ ʔaqwas	تَقْوَسْ taqwas	يَقْوَسْ yaqwas	تَقْوَسَا taqwasā	يَقْوَسَا yaqwasā	نَقْوَسْ naqwas	تَقْوَسُوا taqwasū	يَقْوَسُوا yaqwasū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أَقْوَسْ ʔaqwas	تَقْوَسِي taqwasī	تَقْوَسْ taqwas	تَقْوَسَا taqwasā	تَقْوَسَا taqwasā	نَقْوَسْ naqwas	تَقْوَسْنَ taqwasna	يَقْوَسْنَ yaqwasna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِقْوَسْ iqwas		اِقْوَسَا iqwasā			اِقْوَسُوا iqwasū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		اِقْوَسِي iqwasī		اِقْوَسَا iqwasā			اِقْوَسْنَ iqwasna

Etymology 1.2

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /qaw.wa.sa/

Verb

قَوَّسَ • (qawwasa) II (non-past يُقَوِّسُ (yuqawwisu), verbal noun تَقْوِيس (taqwīs))

to bend, to curve, to write

Conjugation

Conjugation of **قَوَّسَ** (II, sound, full passive, verbal noun *تَقْوِيس*)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					تَقْوِيس taqwīs
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					مُقَوِّس muqawwis
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مُقَوَّس muqawwas
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	قَوَّسْتُ qawwastu	قَوَّسْتَ qawwasta	قَوَّسَ qawwasa	قَوَّسْتُمَا qawwastumā	قَوَّسَا qawwasā	قَوَّسْنَا qawwasnā	قَوَّسْتُمْ qawwastum	قَوَّسُوا qawwasū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	قَوَّسْتُ qawwastu	قَوَّسْتِ qawwasti	قَوَّسَتْ qawwasat	قَوَّسْتُمَا qawwastumā	قَوَّسَتَا qawwasatā	قَوَّسْنَا qawwasnā	قَوَّسْتُنَّ qawwastunna	قَوَّسْنَ qawwasna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُقَوِّسُ ʔuqawwisu	تُقَوِّسُ tuqawwisu	يُقَوِّسُ yuqawwisu	تُقَوِّسَانِ tuqawwisāni	يُقَوِّسَانِ yuqawwisāni	نُقَوِّسُ nuqawwisu	تُقَوِّسُونَ tuqawwisūna	يُقَوِّسُونَ yuqawwisūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُقَوِّسُ ʔuqawwisu	تُقَوِّسِينَ tuqawwisīna	تُقَوِّسُ tuqawwisu	تُقَوِّسَانِ tuqawwisāni	تُقَوِّسَانِ tuqawwisāni	نُقَوِّسُ nuqawwisu	تُقَوِّسْنَ tuqawwisna	يُقَوِّسْنَ yuqawwisna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُقَوِّسَ ʔuqawwisa	تُقَوِّسَ tuqawwisa	يُقَوِّسَ yuqawwisa	تُقَوِّسَا tuqawwisā	يُقَوِّسَا yuqawwisā	نُقَوِّسَ nuqawwisa	تُقَوِّسُوا tuqawwisū	يُقَوِّسُوا yuqawwisū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُقَوِّسَ ʔuqawwisa	تُقَوِّسِي tuqawwisī	تُقَوِّسَ tuqawwisa	تُقَوِّسَا tuqawwisā	تُقَوِّسَا tuqawwisā	نُقَوِّسَ nuqawwisa	تُقَوِّسْنَ tuqawwisna	يُقَوِّسْنَ yuqawwisna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُقَوِّسْ ʔuqawwis	تُقَوِّسْ tuqawwis	يُقَوِّسْ yuqawwis	تُقَوِّسَا tuqawwisā	يُقَوِّسَا yuqawwisā	نُقَوِّسْ nuqawwis	تُقَوِّسُوا tuqawwisū	يُقَوِّسُوا yuqawwisū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُقَوِّسْ ʔuqawwis	تُقَوِّسِي tuqawwisī	تُقَوِّسْ tuqawwis	تُقَوِّسَا tuqawwisā	تُقَوِّسَا tuqawwisā	نُقَوِّسْ nuqawwis	تُقَوِّسْنَ tuqawwisna	يُقَوِّسْنَ yuqawwisna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		قَوِّسْ qawwis		قَوِّسَا qawwisā			قَوِّسُوا qawwisū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		قَوِّسِي qawwisī		قَوِّسَا qawwisā			قَوِّسْنَ qawwisna

passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	قُوِّسْتُ quwwistu	قُوِّسْتَ quwwista	قُوِّسَ quwwisa	قُوِّسْتُمَا quwwistumā	قُوِّسَا quwwisā	قُوِّسْنَا quwwisnā	قُوِّسْتُمْ quwwistum	قُوِّسُوا quwwisū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	قُوِّسْتُ quwwistu	قُوِّسْتِ quwwisti	قُوِّسَتْ quwwisat	قُوِّسْتُمَا quwwistumā	قُوِّسَتَا quwwisatā	قُوِّسْنَا quwwisnā	قُوِّسْتُنَّ quwwistunna	قُوِّسْنَ quwwisna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُقَوَّسُ ʔuqawwasu	تُقَوَّسُ tuqawwasu	يُقَوَّسُ yuqawwasu	تُقَوَّسَانِ tuqawwasāni	يُقَوَّسَانِ yuqawwasāni	نُقَوَّسُ nuqawwasu	تُقَوَّسُونَ tuqawwasūna	يُقَوَّسُونَ yuqawwasūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُقَوَّسُ ʔuqawwasu	تُقَوَّسِينَ tuqawwasīna	تُقَوَّسُ tuqawwasu	تُقَوَّسَانِ tuqawwasāni	تُقَوَّسَانِ tuqawwasāni	نُقَوَّسُ nuqawwasu	تُقَوَّسْنَ tuqawwasna	يُقَوَّسْنَ yuqawwasna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُقَوَّسَ ʔuqawwasa	تُقَوَّسَ tuqawwasa	يُقَوَّسَ yuqawwasa	تُقَوَّسَا tuqawwasā	يُقَوَّسَا yuqawwasā	نُقَوَّسَ nuqawwasa	تُقَوَّسُوا tuqawwasū	يُقَوَّسُوا yuqawwasū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُقَوَّسَ ʔuqawwasa	تُقَوَّسِي tuqawwasī	تُقَوَّسَ tuqawwasa	تُقَوَّسَا tuqawwasā	تُقَوَّسَا tuqawwasā	نُقَوَّسَ nuqawwasa	تُقَوَّسْنَ tuqawwasna	يُقَوَّسْنَ yuqawwasna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُقَوَّسْ ʔuqawwas	تُقَوَّسْ tuqawwas	يُقَوَّسْ yuqawwas	تُقَوَّسَا tuqawwasā	يُقَوَّسَا yuqawwasā	نُقَوَّسْ nuqawwas	تُقَوَّسُوا tuqawwasū	يُقَوَّسُوا yuqawwasū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُقَوَّسْ ʔuqawwas	تُقَوَّسِي tuqawwasī	تُقَوَّسْ tuqawwas	تُقَوَّسَا tuqawwasā	تُقَوَّسَا tuqawwasā	نُقَوَّسْ nuqawwas	تُقَوَّسْنَ tuqawwasna	يُقَوَّسْنَ yuqawwasna

Etymology 1.3

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /qaws/

Noun

قَوْس • (qaws) m or f (plural أَقْواس (ʔaqwās) or قُسِيّ (qusiyy) or قِسِيّ (qisiyy))

Declension

Declension of noun **قَوْس** (qaws)
singular	basic singular triptote
singular	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	قَوْس qaws	الْقَوْس al-qaws	قَوْس qaws
nominative	قَوْسٌ qawsun	الْقَوْسُ al-qawsu	قَوْسُ qawsu
accusative	قَوْسًا qawsan	الْقَوْسَ al-qawsa	قَوْسَ qawsa
genitive	قَوْسٍ qawsin	الْقَوْسِ al-qawsi	قَوْسِ qawsi
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	قَوْسَيْن qawsayn	الْقَوْسَيْن al-qawsayn	قَوْسَيْ qawsay
nominative	قَوْسَانِ qawsāni	الْقَوْسَانِ al-qawsāni	قَوْسَا qawsā
accusative	قَوْسَيْنِ qawsayni	الْقَوْسَيْنِ al-qawsayni	قَوْسَيْ qawsay
genitive	قَوْسَيْنِ qawsayni	الْقَوْسَيْنِ al-qawsayni	قَوْسَيْ qawsay
plural	basic broken plural triptote
plural	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	أَقْواس‎; قُسِي‎; قِسِي ʔaqwās‎; qusī‎; qisī	الْأَقْواس‎; الْقُسِي‎; الْقِسِي al-ʔaqwās‎; al-qusī‎; al-qisī	أَقْواس‎; قُسِي‎; قِسِي ʔaqwās‎; qusī‎; qisī
nominative	أَقْواسٌ‎; قُسِيٌّ‎; قِسِيٌّ ʔaqwāsun‎; qusiyyun‎; qisiyyun	الْأَقْواسُ‎; الْقُسِيُّ‎; الْقِسِيُّ al-ʔaqwāsu‎; al-qusiyyu‎; al-qisiyyu	أَقْواسُ‎; قُسِيُّ‎; قِسِيُّ ʔaqwāsu‎; qusiyyu‎; qisiyyu
accusative	أَقْواسًا‎; قُسِيًّا‎; قِسِيًّا ʔaqwāsan‎; qusiyyan‎; qisiyyan	الْأَقْواسَ‎; الْقُسِيَّ‎; الْقِسِيَّ al-ʔaqwāsa‎; al-qusiyya‎; al-qisiyya	أَقْواسَ‎; قُسِيَّ‎; قِسِيَّ ʔaqwāsa‎; qusiyya‎; qisiyya
genitive	أَقْواسٍ‎; قُسِيٍّ‎; قِسِيٍّ ʔaqwāsin‎; qusiyyin‎; qisiyyin	الْأَقْواسِ‎; الْقُسِيِّ‎; الْقِسِيِّ al-ʔaqwāsi‎; al-qusiyyi‎; al-qisiyyi	أَقْواسِ‎; قُسِيِّ‎; قِسِيِّ ʔaqwāsi‎; qusiyyi‎; qisiyyi

Derived terms

اِقْتَاسَ (iqtāsa, “to compare oneself to”)
تَقَوَّسَ (taqawwasa, “to become curved or bent”)
قَاسَ (qāsa, “to get the lead of; to determine the measure of”)
قَاوَسَ (qāwasa, “to compare oneself to”)
قَوَّاس (qawwās)
قَوَّسَ (qawwasa, “to bend, to curve”)
قَوِسَ (qawisa, “to be bent or curved”)
قَوْسُ قُزَح (qawsu quzaḥ, “rainbow”)
قَوْسِيّ (qawsiyy)
قُوَيْس (quways, diminutive)

Descendants

Maltese: qaws
→ Azerbaijani: qövs
→ Ge'ez: ቀውስ (ḳäws)
→ Classical Malay: kaus
- Malay: kaus
  - Indonesian: kaus
→ Ottoman Turkish: قوس (kavs, kavis)
- Turkish: kavis
- Crimean Tatar: qavus

Gulf Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic قَوْس (qaws).

Pronunciation

(Kuwait) IPA^(key): /qoːs/

Noun

قوس • (qōs) m (plural اقواس (aqwās))

arch
bow (tool)

Hijazi Arabic

Root
ق و س
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic قَوْس (qaws).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɡoːs/, [ˈɡo̞ːs]

Noun

قوس • (gōs) m (plural أَقْواس (ʔagwās))

arch
bow (used in hunting or wars)

North Levantine Arabic

Root
ق و س
1 term

Etymology 1

Inherited from Arabic قَوْس (qaws).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʔaws ~ ʔoːs/
(Druze) IPA^(key): /qaws/

Noun

قوس • (ʔōs) m (plural أَقْواس (ʔaʔwās) or قواس (ʔwās))

arch, arc, curve
(weaponry, music) bow
قوس قزح ― qaws quzaḥ ― rainbow (literally, “bow of Quzaḥ”)
(astrology) Sagittarius
(The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:) parenthesis, bracket

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʔaw.was/, [ˈʔawwas]

Verb

قوّس • (ʔawwas) (non-past بقوس (bʔawwis), verbal noun قواس (ʔwās))

to shoot, to take fire
Alternative form: قوص (ʔawwaṣ)

Synonyms: طلق النار (ṭalaʔ n-nār), طخ (ṭaḵḵ)

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic قَوْس (qaws, “bow”).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈqaws/

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [qäws]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [qäws]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [qäws]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [qows]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [qäws]

Readings
Classical reading^?	qaws
Dari reading^?	qaws
Iranian reading^?	ġows
Tajik reading^?	qavs

Noun

قوس • (qaws / ġows) (Tajik spelling қавс)

arc, curve
(obsolete, literary) bow (weapon)

Proper noun

قوس • (qaws / ġows) (Tajik spelling Қавс)

Sagittarius (constellation)
In Afghanistan and in Iran until the early 1900s, the name of the ninth month of the year, corresponding to the Western zodiac of Sagittarius; now called (âzar) in Iran.

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic قَوْس (qaws).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʔoːs/, [ʔoːs]

Noun

قوس • (ʔōs) m (plural أقواس (ʔaʔwās))

Zodiac signs in South Levantine Arabic · الأبراج (il-ʔabrāj) (layout · text)
الحمل (il-ḥamal, “Aries”)	التور (it-tōr, “Taurus”)	الجوزاء (il-jōzāʔ, “Gemini”)	السرطان (is-saraṭān, “Cancer”)
الأسد (il-ʔasad, “Leo”)	العذراء (il-ʕazrāʔ, “Virgo”)	الميزان (il-mīzān, “Libra”)	العقرب (il-ʕaqrab, “Scorpio”)
القوس (il-qōs, “Sagittarius”)	الجدي (il-jadi, “Capricorn”)	الدلو (id-dalu, “Aquarius”)	الحوت (il-ḥūt, “Pisces”)

Arabic

Etymology 1.1

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Etymology 1.2

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Etymology 1.3

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

Descendants

Gulf Arabic

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Hijazi Arabic

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

North Levantine Arabic

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Verb

Persian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Proper noun

Further reading

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

See also