كروان

See also: کروان

Arabic

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian (karwān).

Pronunciation

Rhymes: -aːn

Noun

كَرَوَان or كَرْوَان or كِرْوَان • (karawān or karwān or kirwān) m (plural كَرَاوِين (karāwīn))

curlew (a bird in the Burhinus as well as the Numenius genus)
- a. 800, أبو زيد سعيد بن أوس الأنصاري [ʔabū zayd saʕīd ibn ʔaws al-ʔanṣārīy], كتاب النوادر [Buch der Seltenheiten]:
  Fleischer, Heinrich Leberecht (1888) Kleinere Schriften‎^[1] (in German), volume 3, Leipzig: S. Hirzel, →DOI, page 484:
  يَا كَرَوَانًا ضُكَّ فَأَكْبَأَنَّا
  فَشَنَّ بِٱلسَلْخِ فَلَمَّا شَنَّا … بَلَّ ٱلذُنَابَى عَبَسًا مُبِنَّا
  yā karawānan ḍukka faʔakbaʔannā
  fašanna bi-s-salḵi falammā šannā … balla ḏ-ḏunābā ʕabasan mubinnā
  You thick-knee! Which when bumped will clew and toss dung and having hurled … moistens the tail with sticky soil!
- a. 1283, Abū Yahyā Zakariyāʾ ibn Muhammad al-Qazwīnīy, edited by Ferdinand Wüstenfeld, عجائب المخلوقات وغرائب الموجودات [ʿajāʾib al-maḵlūqāt wa-ḡarāʾib al-mawjūdāt]‎^[2], Göttingen: Verlag der Dieterichschen Buchhandlung, published 1849, →DOI, page 424 l. 4:

Declension

Declension of noun **كَرَوَان** (karawān)‎; **كَرْوَان** (karwān)‎; **كِرْوَان** (kirwān)
singular	basic singular triptote
singular	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	كَرَوَان‎; كَرْوَان‎; كِرْوَان karawān‎; karwān‎; kirwān	الْكَرَوَان‎; الْكَرْوَان‎; الْكِرْوَان al-karawān‎; al-karwān‎; al-kirwān	كَرَوَان‎; كَرْوَان‎; كِرْوَان karawān‎; karwān‎; kirwān
nominative	كَرَوَانٌ‎; كَرْوَانٌ‎; كِرْوَانٌ karawānun‎; karwānun‎; kirwānun	الْكَرَوَانُ‎; الْكَرْوَانُ‎; الْكِرْوَانُ al-karawānu‎; al-karwānu‎; al-kirwānu	كَرَوَانُ‎; كَرْوَانُ‎; كِرْوَانُ karawānu‎; karwānu‎; kirwānu
accusative	كَرَوَانًا‎; كَرْوَانًا‎; كِرْوَانًا karawānan‎; karwānan‎; kirwānan	الْكَرَوَانَ‎; الْكَرْوَانَ‎; الْكِرْوَانَ al-karawāna‎; al-karwāna‎; al-kirwāna	كَرَوَانَ‎; كَرْوَانَ‎; كِرْوَانَ karawāna‎; karwāna‎; kirwāna
genitive	كَرَوَانٍ‎; كَرْوَانٍ‎; كِرْوَانٍ karawānin‎; karwānin‎; kirwānin	الْكَرَوَانِ‎; الْكَرْوَانِ‎; الْكِرْوَانِ al-karawāni‎; al-karwāni‎; al-kirwāni	كَرَوَانِ‎; كَرْوَانِ‎; كِرْوَانِ karawāni‎; karwāni‎; kirwāni
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	كَرَوَانَيْن‎; كَرْوَانَيْن‎; كِرْوَانَيْن karawānayn‎; karwānayn‎; kirwānayn	الْكَرَوَانَيْن‎; الْكَرْوَانَيْن‎; الْكِرْوَانَيْن al-karawānayn‎; al-karwānayn‎; al-kirwānayn	كَرَوَانَيْ‎; كَرْوَانَيْ‎; كِرْوَانَيْ karawānay‎; karwānay‎; kirwānay
nominative	كَرَوَانَانِ‎; كَرْوَانَانِ‎; كِرْوَانَانِ karawānāni‎; karwānāni‎; kirwānāni	الْكَرَوَانَانِ‎; الْكَرْوَانَانِ‎; الْكِرْوَانَانِ al-karawānāni‎; al-karwānāni‎; al-kirwānāni	كَرَوَانَا‎; كَرْوَانَا‎; كِرْوَانَا karawānā‎; karwānā‎; kirwānā
accusative	كَرَوَانَيْنِ‎; كَرْوَانَيْنِ‎; كِرْوَانَيْنِ karawānayni‎; karwānayni‎; kirwānayni	الْكَرَوَانَيْنِ‎; الْكَرْوَانَيْنِ‎; الْكِرْوَانَيْنِ al-karawānayni‎; al-karwānayni‎; al-kirwānayni	كَرَوَانَيْ‎; كَرْوَانَيْ‎; كِرْوَانَيْ karawānay‎; karwānay‎; kirwānay
genitive	كَرَوَانَيْنِ‎; كَرْوَانَيْنِ‎; كِرْوَانَيْنِ karawānayni‎; karwānayni‎; kirwānayni	الْكَرَوَانَيْنِ‎; الْكَرْوَانَيْنِ‎; الْكِرْوَانَيْنِ al-karawānayni‎; al-karwānayni‎; al-kirwānayni	كَرَوَانَيْ‎; كَرْوَانَيْ‎; كِرْوَانَيْ karawānay‎; karwānay‎; kirwānay
plural	basic broken plural diptote
plural	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	كَرَاوِين karāwīn	الْكَرَاوِين al-karāwīn	كَرَاوِين karāwīn
nominative	كَرَاوِينُ karāwīnu	الْكَرَاوِينُ al-karāwīnu	كَرَاوِينُ karāwīnu
accusative	كَرَاوِينَ karāwīna	الْكَرَاوِينَ al-karāwīna	كَرَاوِينَ karāwīna
genitive	كَرَاوِينَ karāwīna	الْكَرَاوِينِ al-karāwīni	كَرَاوِينِ karāwīni

Descendants

→ Aragonese: algaraván
→ Asturian: algaraván
→ Portuguese: alcaravão, algarvão, algorabão, algoravão, algorovão, algrouvão, algorouvão, alguervão, algrouvão, algrivão, algovão
→ Spanish: alcaraván
→ Ottoman Turkish: كروان (kervan)
- Turkish: kervan

References

Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 1102, where Burhinus oedicnemus
Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2019), “alcaraván”, in Dictionnaire des emprunts ibéro-romans. Emprunts à l’arabe et aux langues du Monde Islamique (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 79
Ullmann, Manfred (1959–1970) Wörterbuch der klassischen arabischen Sprache. Band I (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, pages 163–164

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology 1

From older كاروان (karvan), Old Anatolian Turkish كاروان (karvan), from Classical Persian (kārwān).

Alternative forms

كاروان (kârvân), كاربان (kârbân)

Noun

كروان • (kervan)

caravan

Descendants

Turkish: kervan
→ Albanian: karvan
→ Armenian: քէվրան (kʻēvran), քէրվան (kʻērvan), ք^յա̈րվան (kʻ^yärvan)
→ Bulgarian: керван (kervan), карван (karvan)
→ Romanian: chervan
→ Greek: καραβάνι (karaváni)

Etymology 2

From Arabic كَرْوَان (karwān).

Noun

كروان • (kervan)

A kind of bird, possibly a bustard or stone curlew.

Descendants

Turkish: kervan

References

Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “kervan”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
Redhouse, James W. (1890) “كروان”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[3], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1541