مسكين

See also: مسکین

Arabic

Etymology

Probably from Classical Syriac ܡܸܣܟܹܝܢܵܐ (meskēnā, “poor, miserable, wretched”), from Akkadian 𒈦𒆕𒂗 (muškēnum, “commoner, poor”). Also passed into Hebrew מִסְכֵּן (miskēn, “miserable”) and via Aramaic מִסְכֵּינָא / ܡܸܣܟܹܝܢܵܐ (meskēnā) into Ge'ez ምስኪን (məskin), Amharic ምስኪን (məskin), Tigrinya መስኪን (mäskin), Harari ሚስኪን (miskin).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /mis.kiːn/
- (Hijazi) IPA^(key): /maskiːn/

Adjective

مِسْكِين • (miskīn) (feminine مِسْكِينَة (miskīna), masculine plural مَسَاكِين (masākīn))

poor
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 76:8:
  وَيُطْعِمُونَ ٱلطَّعَامَ عَلَى حُبِّهِ مِسْكِينًا وَيَتِيمًا وَأَسِيرًا
  wayuṭʕimūna ṭ-ṭaʕāma ʕalā ḥubbihi miskīnan wayatīman waʔasīran
  "and give food—despite their desire for it—to the poor, the orphan, and the captive."

Declension

Declension of adjective **مِسْكِين** (miskīn)
singular	masculine		feminine
	basic singular triptote		singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
informal	مِسْكِين miskīn	الْمِسْكِين al-miskīn	مِسْكِينَة miskīna	الْمِسْكِينَة al-miskīna
nominative	مِسْكِينٌ miskīnun	الْمِسْكِينُ al-miskīnu	مِسْكِينَةٌ miskīnatun	الْمِسْكِينَةُ al-miskīnatu
accusative	مِسْكِينًا miskīnan	الْمِسْكِينَ al-miskīna	مِسْكِينَةً miskīnatan	الْمِسْكِينَةَ al-miskīnata
genitive	مِسْكِينٍ miskīnin	الْمِسْكِينِ al-miskīni	مِسْكِينَةٍ miskīnatin	الْمِسْكِينَةِ al-miskīnati
dual	masculine		feminine
dual	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
informal	مِسْكِينَيْن miskīnayn	الْمِسْكِينَيْن al-miskīnayn	مِسْكِينَتَيْن miskīnatayn	الْمِسْكِينَتَيْن al-miskīnatayn
nominative	مِسْكِينَانِ miskīnāni	الْمِسْكِينَانِ al-miskīnāni	مِسْكِينَتَانِ miskīnatāni	الْمِسْكِينَتَانِ al-miskīnatāni
accusative	مِسْكِينَيْنِ miskīnayni	الْمِسْكِينَيْنِ al-miskīnayni	مِسْكِينَتَيْنِ miskīnatayni	الْمِسْكِينَتَيْنِ al-miskīnatayni
genitive	مِسْكِينَيْنِ miskīnayni	الْمِسْكِينَيْنِ al-miskīnayni	مِسْكِينَتَيْنِ miskīnatayni	الْمِسْكِينَتَيْنِ al-miskīnatayni
plural	masculine		feminine
	basic broken plural diptote		sound feminine plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
informal	مَسَاكِين masākīn	الْمَسَاكِين al-masākīn	مِسْكِينَات miskīnāt	الْمِسْكِينَات al-miskīnāt
nominative	مَسَاكِينُ masākīnu	الْمَسَاكِينُ al-masākīnu	مِسْكِينَاتٌ miskīnātun	الْمِسْكِينَاتُ al-miskīnātu
accusative	مَسَاكِينَ masākīna	الْمَسَاكِينَ al-masākīna	مِسْكِينَاتٍ miskīnātin	الْمِسْكِينَاتِ al-miskīnāti
genitive	مَسَاكِينَ masākīna	الْمَسَاكِينِ al-masākīni	مِسْكِينَاتٍ miskīnātin	الْمِسْكِينَاتِ al-miskīnāti

Descendants

Maltese: miskin
Moroccan Arabic: مسكين (miskīn)
→ Azerbaijani: miskin
→ Catalan: mesquí
→ Galician: mesquiño
→ Italian: meschino
- → French: mesquin
→ Ligurian: meschin
→ Malay: miskin
- Indonesian: miskin
→ Mozarabic: משכון (mškwn)
→ Old French: meschin
→ Old Occitan: mesquin
→ Old Spanish: mesquino
- Spanish: mezquino
→ Ottoman Turkish: مسكین
- Turkish: miskin
- → Bulgarian: миски́н (miskín), ⇒ миски́нин (miskínin)
→ Persian: مسکین (meskin)
- → Bengali: মিসকিন (miskin)
→ Portuguese: mesquinho
→ Romanian: meschin
→ Sardinian: mischinu
→ Sicilian: mischinu
→ Swahili: maskini

References

“mskn”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
Fraenkel, Siegmund (1880) De vocabulis in antiquis Arabum carminibus et in Corano peregrinis‎^[1] (in Latin), Leiden: E. J. Brill, →DOI, page 24
Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, pages 264–265
Klein, Ernest (1987) A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Hebrew Language for Readers of English‎^[2], Jerusalem: Carta, →ISBN
Leslau, Wolf (1991) Comparative Dictionary of Geʿez (Classical Ethiopic), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 364
Nöldeke, Theodor (1910) Neue Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft‎^[3] (in German), Straßburg: Karl J. Trübner, →DOI, page 45

Moroccan Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic مِسْكِين (miskīn).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /mis.kiːn/

Adjective

مسكين • (miskīn) (feminine مسكينة (miskīna), common plural مساكن (msākin), masculine plural مسكينين (miskīnīn), feminine plural مسكينات (miskīnāt))

poor (inspiring pity)