معروف و مجهول

Persian

Etymology

(ma'rūf) + (majhūl)

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /maʔ.ˈɾuːf ʔu mad͡ʒ.ˈhuːl/

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [mäʔ.ɾúːf ʔʊ mäd͡ʒ.húːl]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [mɑː.ɾúːf ʔʊ mä.d͡ʒúːl]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [mɔː.ɾúf ʔu mä.d͡ʒúl̥]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [mæʔ.ɹúːf ʔo mæd͡ʒ.húːl̥]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [mäʔ.ɾúf ʔu mäd͡ʒ.húl]

Readings
Classical reading^?	ma'rūf u majhūl
Dari reading^?	ma'rūf u majhūl
Iranian reading^?	ma'ruf o majhul
Tajik reading^?	ma'ruf u majhul

Noun

معروف و مجهول • (ma'rūf u majhūl / ma'ruf o majhul) (Tajik spelling маъруфу маҷҳул)

a vowel classification system in which certain semi-vowel characters represent two vowel phonemes. The ma'ruf (معروف) phoneme and the majhul (مجهول) phoneme.

Usage notes

These classifications are not used for the Standard Persian of Iran, see usage notes under majhul for more.

Derived terms

زیر مجهول (zēr-i majhūl, “e”) (Classical Persian)
زیر معروف (zēr-i ma'rūf, “i”) (Classical Persian)
واو مجهول (wāw-i majhūl, “ō”) (Classical Persian)
واو معروف (wāw-i ma'rūf, “w, ū”) (Classical Persian)
پیش مجهول (pēš-i majhūl, “o”) (Classical Persian)
پیش معروف (pēš-i ma'rūf, “u”) (Classical Persian)
یای مجهول (yā-yi majhūl, “ē”) (Classical Persian)
یای معروف (yā-yi ma'rūf, “ī, y”) (Classical Persian)