نفط
See also: نقط
Arabic
Etymology
From Aramaic נִיפְטָא (nip̄ṭā) / נַפְטָא (nap̄ṭā) / ܢܷܦܛܳܐ (nep̄ṭā) / ܢܱܦܛܳܐ (nap̄ṭā), from Akkadian 𒉌𒆳𒊏 (napṭu, “naphtha”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /naftˤ/, /niftˤ/
Noun
نِفْط or نَفْط • (nifṭ or nafṭ) m (plural نُفُوط (nufūṭ) or أَنْفَاط (ʔanfāṭ))
- (uncountable) oil, petroleum, naphtha
- (uncountable, dated) turpentine
- (uncountable and countable, obsolete) a flammable mix used in war such as Greek fire
- (countable, obsolete) a kind of cannon that projects such substance, lombard
Declension
| singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | نِفْط; نَفْط nifṭ; nafṭ |
النِّفْط; النَّفْط an-nifṭ; an-nafṭ |
نِفْط; نَفْط nifṭ; nafṭ |
| nominative | نِفْطٌ; نَفْطٌ nifṭun; nafṭun |
النِّفْطُ; النَّفْطُ an-nifṭu; an-nafṭu |
نِفْطُ; نَفْطُ nifṭu; nafṭu |
| accusative | نِفْطًا; نَفْطًا nifṭan; nafṭan |
النِّفْطَ; النَّفْطَ an-nifṭa; an-nafṭa |
نِفْطَ; نَفْطَ nifṭa; nafṭa |
| genitive | نِفْطٍ; نَفْطٍ nifṭin; nafṭin |
النِّفْطِ; النَّفْطِ an-nifṭi; an-nafṭi |
نِفْطِ; نَفْطِ nifṭi; nafṭi |
| dual | indefinite | definite | construct |
| informal | نِفْطَيْن; نَفْطَيْن nifṭayn; nafṭayn |
النِّفْطَيْن; النَّفْطَيْن an-nifṭayn; an-nafṭayn |
نِفْطَيْ; نَفْطَيْ nifṭay; nafṭay |
| nominative | نِفْطَانِ; نَفْطَانِ nifṭāni; nafṭāni |
النِّفْطَانِ; النَّفْطَانِ an-nifṭāni; an-nafṭāni |
نِفْطَا; نَفْطَا nifṭā; nafṭā |
| accusative | نِفْطَيْنِ; نَفْطَيْنِ nifṭayni; nafṭayni |
النِّفْطَيْنِ; النَّفْطَيْنِ an-nifṭayni; an-nafṭayni |
نِفْطَيْ; نَفْطَيْ nifṭay; nafṭay |
| genitive | نِفْطَيْنِ; نَفْطَيْنِ nifṭayni; nafṭayni |
النِّفْطَيْنِ; النَّفْطَيْنِ an-nifṭayni; an-nafṭayni |
نِفْطَيْ; نَفْطَيْ nifṭay; nafṭay |
| plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | نُفُوط; أَنْفَاط nufūṭ; ʔanfāṭ |
النُّفُوط; الْأَنْفَاط an-nufūṭ; al-ʔanfāṭ |
نُفُوط; أَنْفَاط nufūṭ; ʔanfāṭ |
| nominative | نُفُوطٌ; أَنْفَاطٌ nufūṭun; ʔanfāṭun |
النُّفُوطُ; الْأَنْفَاطُ an-nufūṭu; al-ʔanfāṭu |
نُفُوطُ; أَنْفَاطُ nufūṭu; ʔanfāṭu |
| accusative | نُفُوطًا; أَنْفَاطًا nufūṭan; ʔanfāṭan |
النُّفُوطَ; الْأَنْفَاطَ an-nufūṭa; al-ʔanfāṭa |
نُفُوطَ; أَنْفَاطَ nufūṭa; ʔanfāṭa |
| genitive | نُفُوطٍ; أَنْفَاطٍ nufūṭin; ʔanfāṭin |
النُّفُوطِ; الْأَنْفَاطِ an-nufūṭi; al-ʔanfāṭi |
نُفُوطِ; أَنْفَاطِ nufūṭi; ʔanfāṭi |
Noun
نِفْط or نَفْط • (nifṭ or nafṭ) m (collective, singulative نِفْطَة f (nifṭa) or نَفْطَة (nafṭa))
- blisters, blebs, pustules
- (obsolete) matchsticks
Declension
| collective | basic collective triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | نِفْط; نَفْط nifṭ; nafṭ |
النِّفْط; النَّفْط an-nifṭ; an-nafṭ |
نِفْط; نَفْط nifṭ; nafṭ |
| nominative | نِفْطٌ; نَفْطٌ nifṭun; nafṭun |
النِّفْطُ; النَّفْطُ an-nifṭu; an-nafṭu |
نِفْطُ; نَفْطُ nifṭu; nafṭu |
| accusative | نِفْطًا; نَفْطًا nifṭan; nafṭan |
النِّفْطَ; النَّفْطَ an-nifṭa; an-nafṭa |
نِفْطَ; نَفْطَ nifṭa; nafṭa |
| genitive | نِفْطٍ; نَفْطٍ nifṭin; nafṭin |
النِّفْطِ; النَّفْطِ an-nifṭi; an-nafṭi |
نِفْطِ; نَفْطِ nifṭi; nafṭi |
| singulative | singulative triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | نِفْطَة; نَفْطَة nifṭa; nafṭa |
النِّفْطَة; النَّفْطَة an-nifṭa; an-nafṭa |
نِفْطَة; نَفْطَة nifṭat; nafṭat |
| nominative | نِفْطَةٌ; نَفْطَةٌ nifṭatun; nafṭatun |
النِّفْطَةُ; النَّفْطَةُ an-nifṭatu; an-nafṭatu |
نِفْطَةُ; نَفْطَةُ nifṭatu; nafṭatu |
| accusative | نِفْطَةً; نَفْطَةً nifṭatan; nafṭatan |
النِّفْطَةَ; النَّفْطَةَ an-nifṭata; an-nafṭata |
نِفْطَةَ; نَفْطَةَ nifṭata; nafṭata |
| genitive | نِفْطَةٍ; نَفْطَةٍ nifṭatin; nafṭatin |
النِّفْطَةِ; النَّفْطَةِ an-nifṭati; an-nafṭati |
نِفْطَةِ; نَفْطَةِ nifṭati; nafṭati |
| dual | indefinite | definite | construct |
| informal | نِفْطَتَيْن; نَفْطَتَيْن nifṭatayn; nafṭatayn |
النِّفْطَتَيْن; النَّفْطَتَيْن an-nifṭatayn; an-nafṭatayn |
نِفْطَتَيْ; نَفْطَتَيْ nifṭatay; nafṭatay |
| nominative | نِفْطَتَانِ; نَفْطَتَانِ nifṭatāni; nafṭatāni |
النِّفْطَتَانِ; النَّفْطَتَانِ an-nifṭatāni; an-nafṭatāni |
نِفْطَتَا; نَفْطَتَا nifṭatā; nafṭatā |
| accusative | نِفْطَتَيْنِ; نَفْطَتَيْنِ nifṭatayni; nafṭatayni |
النِّفْطَتَيْنِ; النَّفْطَتَيْنِ an-nifṭatayni; an-nafṭatayni |
نِفْطَتَيْ; نَفْطَتَيْ nifṭatay; nafṭatay |
| genitive | نِفْطَتَيْنِ; نَفْطَتَيْنِ nifṭatayni; nafṭatayni |
النِّفْطَتَيْنِ; النَّفْطَتَيْنِ an-nifṭatayni; an-nafṭatayni |
نِفْطَتَيْ; نَفْطَتَيْ nifṭatay; nafṭatay |
| paucal (3-10) | sound feminine paucal | ||
| indefinite | definite | construct | |
| informal | نِفْطَات; نَفْطَات nifṭāt; nafṭāt |
النِّفْطَات; النَّفْطَات an-nifṭāt; an-nafṭāt |
نِفْطَات; نَفْطَات nifṭāt; nafṭāt |
| nominative | نِفْطَاتٌ; نَفْطَاتٌ nifṭātun; nafṭātun |
النِّفْطَاتُ; النَّفْطَاتُ an-nifṭātu; an-nafṭātu |
نِفْطَاتُ; نَفْطَاتُ nifṭātu; nafṭātu |
| accusative | نِفْطَاتٍ; نَفْطَاتٍ nifṭātin; nafṭātin |
النِّفْطَاتِ; النَّفْطَاتِ an-nifṭāti; an-nafṭāti |
نِفْطَاتِ; نَفْطَاتِ nifṭāti; nafṭāti |
| genitive | نِفْطَاتٍ; نَفْطَاتٍ nifṭātin; nafṭātin |
النِّفْطَاتِ; النَّفْطَاتِ an-nifṭāti; an-nafṭāti |
نِفْطَاتِ; نَفْطَاتِ nifṭāti; nafṭāti |
Derived terms
- نَفَّاط (naffāṭ, “somebody in an army who throws Greek fire; torch-bearer”)
- نَفَّاطَة (naffāṭa, “a place where naphtha is extracted; a kind of lamp or the burning core therein; an instrument to throw Greek fire”)
- نَفَّطَ (naffaṭa) and أَنْفَطَ (ʔanfaṭa, “to cause to be blistered”)
- نَفِطَ (nafiṭa, “to blister, to obtain pustules”)
- نَفِيط (nafīṭ, “pustulose”)
- نَفْطِيّ (nafṭiyy, relative adjective)
Descendants
- → Amharic: ነፍጥ (näfṭ, “naphtha; rifle”)
- → Ge'ez: ነፍጥ (näfṭ, “naphtha; rifle”)
- → Harari: ንፍጢ (nəfṭi, “rifle”)
- → Tigrinya: ነፍጢ (näfṭi, “rifle”)
References
- Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “نفط”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes[1] (in French), volume 2, Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 703b–784a
- Freytag, Georg (1837) “نفط”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[2] (in Latin), volume 4, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 316a
- Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “نفط”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc[3] (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, page 1314a
- Lane, Edward William (1863-1893) “نفط”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 2833a.
- Wehr, Hans (1979) “نفط”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 1157