چارطاق

Ottoman Turkish

Alternative forms

چارداق (çardak)

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian (čârtâq, “vault”), a compound of (čâr, “four”) + (tâq, “arch”).

Noun

چارطاق • (çardak)

chamber surrounded by four arches supported on four columns
open stage built on the roof of a house, for drying linen, etc.
pergola, trellis, a frame that can be used to grow vines
Synonym: عریش (ʼariş)

Descendants

Turkish: çardak
→ Armenian: չարդախ (čʻardax)
→ Albanian: çardak
→ Aromanian: cirdache, cerdache, cardache
→ Bulgarian: чарда́к (čardák), черда́к (čerdák)
→ Crimean Tatar: çardak
→ Greek: τσαρδάκι (tsardáki), τσαρδί (tsardí)
→ Hungarian: csárda
→ Karaim: чардак, чардакъ, чардах, цардак
→ Macedonian: чардак (čardak)
→ Romanian: cerdac, ceardac, ciardac
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic script: ча̏рда̄к

Latin script: čȁrdāk
→ Ukrainian: чарда́к (čardák, “deck of a ship”)

Proper noun

چارطاق • (çardak)

Çardak (a town and district of Denizli Province, Turkey)

Descendants

Turkish: Çardak

Further reading

Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “çardak1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 889
Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “چارطاق”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎^[1], Vienna: F. Beck, page 175a
Kélékian, Diran (1911) “چارطاق”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[2] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 459
Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “چارطاق”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[3], Vienna, column 1546
Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “çardak”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
Nişanyan, Sevan (2010–) “Çardak”, in Nişanyan Yeradları: Türkiye ve Çevre Ülkeler Yerleşim Birimleri Envanteri [Index Anatolicus: An inventory of place names of Turkey and surrounding countries] (in Turkish)
Redhouse, James W. (1890) “چارطاق”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[4], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 703
Sezen, Tahir (2017) “Çardak”, in Osmanlı Yer Adları [Ottoman Place Names]‎^[5], 2nd edition, Ankara: T.C. Başbakanlık Devlet Arşivleri Genel Müdürlüğü, page 172

Persian

Alternative forms

چارتاق (čârtâq), چهارطاق (čahârtâq), چهارتاق (čahârtâq)

Etymology

From (čâr, “four”) +‎ (tâq, “arch”).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /t͡ʃaːɾ.ˈtaːq/

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃʰɑːɾ.t̪ʰɑ́ːq]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃʰɑːɾ.t̪ʰɑ́ːq]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃʰɔːɾ.t̪ʰɔ́ːq]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃʰɒːɹ.t̪ʰɒ́ːɢ̥]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃʰɔɾ.t̪ʰɔ́q]

Readings
Classical reading^?	čārtāq
Dari reading^?	čārtāq
Iranian reading^?	čârtâġ
Tajik reading^?	čortoq

Noun

چارطاق • (čârtâq)

a kind of vault resting on four pillars
Synonyms: چهارطاقی (čahârtâqi), چارطاقی (čârtâqi)

Descendants

→ Old Anatolian Turkish: چارطاق (çartak, çardak)
- Azerbaijani:
  Cyrillic script: чардаг
  
  Latin script: çardaq
  
  Arabic script: چارداق
- Ottoman Turkish: چارطاق (çardak)
  - Turkish: çardak
  - → Armenian: չարդախ (čʻardax)
  - → Albanian: çardak
  - → Aromanian: cirdache, cerdache, cardache
  - → Bulgarian: чарда́к (čardák), черда́к (čerdák)
  - → Crimean Tatar: çardak
  - → Greek: τσαρδάκι (tsardáki), τσαρδί (tsardí)
  - → Hungarian: csárda
  - → Karaim: чардак, чардакъ, чардах, цардак
  - → Macedonian: чардак (čardak)
  - → Romanian: cerdac, ceardac, ciardac
  - → Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic script: ча̏рда̄к
    
    Latin script: čȁrdāk
  - → Ukrainian: чарда́к (čardák, “deck of a ship”)
→ Bulgar:
- →? Proto-Slavic: *čьrtogъ
  - East Slavic:
    - Russian: черто́г (čertóg)
    - Ukrainian: черто́г (čertóh)
  - South Slavic:
    - Old Church Slavonic: чрътогъ (črŭtogŭ)
    - Old Serbian: чртог, чртаг
→ Karakalpak:
Cyrillic script: шердақ

Latin script: sherdaq
→ Russian: черда́к (čerdák) (via some Turkic language)

References

Pomorska, Marzanna (2013) “çartak, çardag, çardak”, in Materials for a Historical Dictionary of New Persian Loanwords in Old Anatolian and Ottoman Turkish from the 13^th to the 16^th Century (Studia Turcologica Cracoviensia; 13)‎^[6], Kraków: Jagiellonian University Press, →ISBN, page 61
Vullers, Johann August (1855) “چارطاق”, in Lexicon Persico-Latinum etymologicum cum linguis maxime cognatis Sanscrita et Zendica et Pehlevica comparatum, e lexicis persice scriptis Borhâni Qâtiu, Haft Qulzum et Bahâri agam et persico-turcico Farhangi-Shuûrî confectum, adhibitis etiam Castelli, Meninski, Richardson et aliorum operibus et auctoritate scriptorum Persicorum adauctum‎^[7] (in Latin), volume I, Gießen: J. Ricker, page 552
Поленаковиќ, Харалампие (2007) “491. ČIRDÁḰE sb. f. pl. čirdǎḱi (Pascu), ČERDAḰE (Pascu), ČARDAЌE (Miha)”, in Зузана Тополињска, Петар Атанасов, editors, Турските елементи во ароманскиот [Turskite elementi vo aromanskiot]‎^[8], put into Macedonian from the author’s Serbo-Croatian Turski elementi u aromunskom dijalektu (1939, unpublished) by Веселинка Лаброска, Скопје: Македонска академија на науките и уметностите [Makedonska akademija na naukite i umetnostite], →ISBN, page 110