چار
Baluchi
Etymology
From Proto-Iranian *čaθwā́rah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *čatwā́ras, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres.
Numeral
چار • (cár)
Noun
چار • (cár)
- four (digit)
Brahui
| [a], [b] ← 3 | 4 | 5 → |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal: چار (cār) | ||
Etymology
borrowed from Baluchi چار (cár).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /t͡ʃaːɾ/
Numeral
چار (cár)
Central Kurdish
Etymology 1
Noun
چار (çar)
- alternative form of چاره (çara, “help, remedy”)
Etymology 2
From Proto-Iranian *čaθwā́rah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *čatwā́ras, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres.
Numeral
چار (çar)
- alternative form of چوار (çwar, “four”)
Khowar
Alternative forms
- چھور
Etymology
From Sanskrit चतुर् (catur), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *čatwā́ras, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /t͡ɕʰɔɾ/
Numeral
چار (čor)
Kohistani Shina
Numeral
چار (čār)
Mazanderani
Numeral
چار (čār)
Ottoman Turkish
Etymology 1
From Russian царь (carʹ) or its ancestor Old East Slavic цьсарь (cĭsarĭ).
Noun
چار • (çar)
Descendants
- Turkish: çar
Etymology 2
Numeral
چار • (çar)
References
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “چار”, in Dictionnaire turc-français[1] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 458
Pahari-Potwari
Etymology
Inherited from Sanskrit चतुर् (catur), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *čatwā́ras, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres.
Cognate with Assamese চাৰি (sari), Baluchi چار (cár), Bengali চার (car), English four, Hindustani चार (cār) / چار (cār), Persian چهار (čahâr), Romani śtar, Russian четыре (četyre), Sindhi چار (cār), and Saraiki چار (cār).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /t͡ʃaːɾ/
Numeral
چار (cār)
Saraiki
| 40 | ||
| ← 3 | ۴ 4 |
5 → |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal: چار (cār) Ordinal: چوتھا (cothā) | ||
Etymology
Inherited from Sanskrit चतुर् (catur), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *čatwā́ras, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres.
Cognate with Assamese চাৰি (sari), Baluchi چار (cár), Bengali চার (car), English four, Hindustani चार (cār) / چار (cār), Persian چهار (čahâr), Romani śtar, Russian четыре (četyre), Sindhi چار (cār).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /t͡ʃaːɾ/
Numeral
چار (cār) (Devanagari चार)
Shina
| ← 3 | 4 | 5 → |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal: چار | ||
Numeral
چار (čār)
Sindhi
Etymology
From Sanskrit चतुर् (catur), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *čatwā́ras, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [t͡ɕɑrɪ]
Numeral
چارِ • (cāri) (Devanagari चारि)
References
- Khānu, Balocu (1960–1988) “چارِ”, in Jāmiʻ Sindhī lughāta (in Sindhi), Hyderabad, Sindh: Sindhī Adabī Borḍ
Urdu
| 40 | ||
| ← 3 | ۴ 4 |
5 → |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal: چار (cār) Ordinal: چَوتھا (cauthā), چَہارُم (cahārum) Multiplier: چَوگُنا (caugunā), چوہَرا (coharā) Fractional: چَوتھائی (cauthāī), چَہارُم (cahārum) | ||
Etymology
Inherited from Old Hindi चारि (cāri), from Prakrit *𑀘𑀬𑀸𑀭𑀺 (*cayāri), from Sanskrit चत्वारि (catvā́ri), चत्वारः (catvā́raḥ).
Compare the attested Prakrit 𑀘𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀭𑀺 (cattari). The alteration was probably based off the Sanskrit accusative चतुरः (caturaḥ) without a consonant cluster where intervocalic t > y is expected, but could also be an abnormal numeral phonological development.
Pronunciation
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /t͡ʃɑːɾ/
Audio: (file)
Numeral
چار • (cār) (Hindi spelling चार)
Further reading
- S. W. Fallon (1879) “چار”, in A New Hindustani-English Dictionary, Banaras, London: Trubner and Co., page 510
- Platts, John T. (1884) “چار”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co., page 417
- Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “چار”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co., page 246
- “چار”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.
- John Shakespear (1834) “چار”, in A dictionary, Hindustani and English: with a copious index, fitting the work to serve, also, as a dictionary of English and Hindustani, 3rd edition, London: J.L. Cox and Son, →OCLC, page 677
- “چار”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
Ushojo
Etymology
Numeral
چار (čār)