ܐܢܐ
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
Etymology 1
- From Aramaic אֲנָא (ʾănā) with a lengthening of the first syllable, possible influence to and from Gulf Arabic آنَا (āna) or Iraqi Arabic آني (āni), but compare Turoyo ܐܳܢܐ (ono), hinting at a historical long /ā/. In other cases, a short initial /a/ without doubling afterwards where it usually would happen has let to it elongating, such as many dialects’ realization of ܐܲܠܵܗܵܐ (/ʾalāhā/) as /ʾālāhā/.
- Otherwise from the variant form Aramaic אנא (ʾĕnā) whose pronunciation is seen in Classical Syriac ܐܸܢܵܐ (ʾĕnā) and reflected still in the dialectal Turoyo form Turoyo ܐܷܢܐ (ëno). A shift from a short initial /ʾĕ/ without doubling afterwards where it would usually happen has led to its shift into /ʾă/, again seen in Aramaic אֱלָהָא (ʾĕlāhā) into ܐܲܠܵܗܵܐ (ʾălāhā).
Ultimately from Proto-Semitic *ʔanāku; compare Arabic أَنَا (ʔanā), Hebrew אֲנִי (aní) and Akkadian 𒀀𒈾𒆪 (anāku).
Pronunciation
- (Standard) IPA(key): [ʔɑːnɑː]
Pronoun
ܐܵܢܵܐ • (ānā) sg (plural ܐܲܚܢܲܢ (aḥnan))
See also
Isolated nominative pronouns | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||
1st person | ܐܵܢܵܐ (ānā) | ܐܲܚܢܲܢ (aḥnan) | ||
2nd person | m | ܐܲܢ݇ܬ (at) | ܐܲܢ݇ܬܘܿܢ (atōn) | |
f | ܐܲܢ݇ܬܝ (at) | ܐܲܢ݇ܬܹܝܢ (attēn) | ||
3rd person | m | ܗ̇ܘ (awa) | ܗܸܢܘܿܢ (hinōn) | |
f | ܗ̇ܝ (aya) | ܗܸܢܹܝܢ (hinnēn) | ||
Enclitic accusative and genitive pronouns | ||||
singular | plural | |||
1st person | -ܝܼ (-ī) | -ܲܢ (-an) | ||
2nd person | m | -ܘܼܟ݂ (-ōḵ) | -ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (-āwḵōn) | |
f | -ܵܟ݂ܝ (-āḵ) | |||
3rd person | m | -ܹܗ, -ܘܼܗܝ (-ēh, -ūh) | -ܗܘܿܢ (-hōn) | |
f | -ܵܗ̇, -ܘܿܗ̇ (-āh, -ōh) |
Etymology 2
Possibly from ܐܵܗܵܐ (aha) + ܐܵܢܝܼ (anī).
Pronunciation
Pronoun
ܐܲܢܹܐ or ܐܲܢܲܝ̈ • (annē or annay) c (singular ܐܵܗܵܐ (āhā))
- (dialectal) alternative form of ܗܵܠܹܝܢ (hālēn, “these”)
Usage notes
- In the Iraqi Koine, this is the most common spelling in vocalised texts. ܐܲܢܲܝ̈ (annay) is more common in unvocalised texts.
Classical Syriac
Etymology 1
From Proto-Semitic *ʔanāku. Compare Arabic أَنَا (ʔanā), Hebrew אֲנִי (ʾănî).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ʔɛ̆nɑ]
Pronoun
ܐܢܐ • (ʾĕnā) c (plural ܚܢܢ or ܐܢܚܢܢ)
Etymology 2
Modified from above, with the initial consonant and vowel quiescing.
Alternative forms
- ܢܐ-
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [-nɑ]
Pronoun
ܐܢܐ • (-nā) c (plural ܚܢܢ)
- an enclitic used as a copula for a first-person singular subject; I am
Usage notes
Usually, the form ܐܢܐ (ʾĕnā) is written separately from the word it follows while the alternative form ܢܐ- (-nā) is written together with the word it follows.
See also
- ܐܝܬܝ
References
- “ˀnˀ”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 16 June 2011
- Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 12b
- Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 21a
- Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, →ISBN, page 58b
Turoyo
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
Pronoun
ܐܳܢܳܐ • (ono)
See also
singular | plural | ||
---|---|---|---|
1st person | ܐܳܢܳܐ (ono) | ܐܰܚܢܰܐ (aḥna) | |
2nd person | m | ܗܰܬ (hat) | ܗܰܬܘ (hatu) |
f | ܗܰܬ (hat) | ||
3rd person | m | ܗܝܝܶܐ (hiye) | ܗܷܢܢܶܐ (hënne) |
f | ܗܝܝܰܐ (hiya) |
Etymology 2
Modified from above.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /no/
Pronoun
ܐܢܳܐ • (no)