अध्वन्
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- অধ্বন্ (Assamese script)
- ᬅᬥ᭄ᬯᬦ᭄ (Balinese script)
- অধ্বন্ (Bengali script)
- 𑰀𑰠𑰿𑰪𑰡𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀅𑀥𑁆𑀯𑀦𑁆 (Brahmi script)
- အဓွန် (Burmese script)
- અધ્વન્ (Gujarati script)
- ਅਧ੍ਵਨ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌅𑌧𑍍𑌵𑌨𑍍 (Grantha script)
- ꦄꦣ꧀ꦮꦤ꧀ (Javanese script)
- 𑂃𑂡𑂹𑂫𑂢𑂹 (Kaithi script)
- ಅಧ್ವೝ (Kannada script)
- អធ្វន៑ (Khmer script)
- ອຘ຺ວນ຺ (Lao script)
- അധ്വന് (Malayalam script)
- ᠠᢡᠣᠸᠠᠨ (Manchu script)
- 𑘀𑘠𑘿𑘪𑘡𑘿 (Modi script)
- ᠠᢑᠾᢦᠨ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦠𑧀𑧠𑧊𑧁𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐀𑐢𑑂𑐰𑐣𑑂 (Newa script)
- ଅଧ୍ଵନ୍ (Odia script)
- ꢂꢤ꣄ꢮꢥ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆃𑆣𑇀𑆮𑆤𑇀 (Sharada script)
- 𑖀𑖠𑖿𑖪𑖡𑖿 (Siddham script)
- අධ්වන් (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩐𑩮 𑪙𑩾𑩯 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚀𑚜𑚶𑚦𑚝𑚶 (Takri script)
- அத்⁴வந் (Tamil script)
- అధ్వౝ (Telugu script)
- อธฺวนฺ (Thai script)
- ཨ་དྷྭ་ན྄ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒁𑒡𑓂𑒫𑒢𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨀𑨜𑩇𑨭𑨝𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hádʰwan (“road”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁nedʰ-. Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬛𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬥 (aduuan, “road”), Ancient Greek ἐνθει̃ν (entheĩn, “to come”), Albanian endem.
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /ɐ́dʱ.ʋɐn/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /ɐd̪ʱ.ʋɐn̪/
Noun
अध्वन् • (ádhvan) stem, m
- a road, way, path
- Synonyms: पथ (patha), मार्ग (mārga), पथ्या (pathyā), वीथि (vīthi), व्रजन (vrajana), सरणि (saraṇi), संचर (saṃcara)
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.46.13:
- यदिन्द्र सर्गे अर्वतश्चोदयासे महाधने।
असमने अध्वनि वृजिने पथि श्येनाँ इव श्रवस्यतः॥- yadindra sarge arvataścodayāse mahādhane.
asamane adhvani vṛjine pathi śyenām̐ iva śravasyataḥ. - When, Indra, in the mighty fray thou urgest chargers to their speed,
On the uneven road and on a toilsome path, like falcons, eager for renown.
- yadindra sarge arvataścodayāse mahādhane.
- यदिन्द्र सर्गे अर्वतश्चोदयासे महाधने।
- c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 1.4.1:
- अम्बयो यन्त्य्अध्वभिर्जामयो अध्वरीयताम् ।
पृञ्चतीर्मधुना पयः ॥- ambayo yantyadhvabhirjāmayo adhvarīyatām.
pṛñcatīrmadhunā payaḥ. - Along their paths the Mothers go, sisters of priestly ministrants,
Blending their water with the mead.
- ambayo yantyadhvabhirjāmayo adhvarīyatām.
- अम्बयो यन्त्य्अध्वभिर्जामयो अध्वरीयताम् ।
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | अध्वा (ádhvā) | अध्वानौ (ádhvānau) अध्वाना¹ (ádhvānā¹) |
अध्वानः (ádhvānaḥ) |
| accusative | अध्वानम् (ádhvānam) | अध्वानौ (ádhvānau) अध्वाना¹ (ádhvānā¹) |
अध्वनः (ádhvanaḥ) |
| instrumental | अध्वना (ádhvanā) | अध्वभ्याम् (ádhvabhyām) | अध्वभिः (ádhvabhiḥ) |
| dative | अध्वने (ádhvane) | अध्वभ्याम् (ádhvabhyām) | अध्वभ्यः (ádhvabhyaḥ) |
| ablative | अध्वनः (ádhvanaḥ) | अध्वभ्याम् (ádhvabhyām) | अध्वभ्यः (ádhvabhyaḥ) |
| genitive | अध्वनः (ádhvanaḥ) | अध्वनोः (ádhvanoḥ) | अध्वनाम् (ádhvanām) |
| locative | अध्वनि (ádhvani) अध्वन्¹ (ádhvan¹) |
अध्वनोः (ádhvanoḥ) | अध्वसु (ádhvasu) |
| vocative | अध्वन् (ádhvan) | अध्वानौ (ádhvānau) अध्वाना¹ (ádhvānā¹) |
अध्वानः (ádhvānaḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
Descendants
- Pali: addhan
- Prakrit: 𑀅𑀤𑁆𑀥 (addha), 𑀅𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀸𑀡 (addhāṇa)
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “अध्वन्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 23.
- Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2025) “adhvan”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
- Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “अध्वन्”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 11
- Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “अध्वन्”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan, page 72
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “adhvan”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 14