इतर
See also: इत्र
Hindi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit इतर (itara).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi) IPA(key): /ɪ.t̪əɾ/, [ɪ.t̪ɐɾ]
- Hyphenation: इ‧तर
- Rhymes: -əɾ
Adjective
इतर • (itar) (indeclinable)
Further reading
- The template Template:R:hi:Caturvedi does not use the parameter(s):
page=79
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.Caturvedi, Mahendra, Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970) “इतर”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House - Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “इतर”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha, page 509
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “इतर”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 104
Malvi
Etymology
Borrowed from Classical Persian عطر ('itr), from Arabic عِطْر (ʕiṭr).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɪ.təɾ/
- Hyphenation: इ‧तर
- Rhymes: -əɾ
Noun
इतर (itar) m
Further reading
- “इतर”, in Malvi Dictionary, SIL International, 2017
- डॉ॰ भगवतीलाल राजपुरोहित [Bhagwatilal Rajpurohit], डॉ॰ प्रह्लाद चन्द्र जोशी [Prahlad Chandra Joshi] (2010) “इतर”, in मालवी - हिन्दी शब्दकोश [Malvi - Hindi Dictionary] (in Hindi), शिवाजी नगर, भोपाल [Shivaji Nagar, Bhopal]: माध्यमिक शिक्षा मण्डल परिसर [Madhyamik Shiksha Mandal Parisar], →ISBN, इ, page 29, column 1.
Marathi
Etymology
Inherited from Old Marathi 𑘃𑘝𑘨 (ītara), from Sanskrit इतर (itara).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /i.t̪əɾ/
- Hyphenation: इ‧तर
- Rhymes: -əɾ
Adjective
इतर • (itar)
Further reading
- Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “इतर”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, page 11
- Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “इतर”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press, page 80
- दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950) “इतर”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ), page 311
- Shankar Gopal Tulpule, Anne Feldhaus (1999) “इतर”, in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan
Sanskrit
Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
- ইতৰ (Assamese script)
- ᬇᬢᬭ (Balinese script)
- ইতর (Bengali script)
- 𑰂𑰝𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀇𑀢𑀭 (Brahmi script)
- ဣတရ (Burmese script)
- ઇતર (Gujarati script)
- ਇਤਰ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌇𑌤𑌰 (Grantha script)
- ꦆꦠꦫ (Javanese script)
- 𑂅𑂞𑂩 (Kaithi script)
- ಇತರ (Kannada script)
- ឥតរ (Khmer script)
- ອິຕຣ (Lao script)
- ഇതര (Malayalam script)
- ᡳᢠᠠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘂𑘝𑘨 (Modi script)
- ᠢᢐᠠᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦢𑦽𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐂𑐟𑐬 (Newa script)
- ଇତର (Odia script)
- ꢄꢡꢬ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆅𑆠𑆫 (Sharada script)
- 𑖂𑖝𑖨 (Siddham script)
- ඉතර (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩐𑩑𑩫𑩼 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚂𑚙𑚤 (Takri script)
- இதர (Tamil script)
- ఇతర (Telugu script)
- อิตร (Thai script)
- ཨི་ཏ་ར (Tibetan script)
- 𑒃𑒞𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨀𑨁𑨙𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hítaras, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁íteros. Compare Latin iterum.
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /í.tɐ.ɾɐ/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /i.t̪ɐ.ɾɐ/
Adjective
इतर • (ítara) stem
- (often used in plural) the rest, the remaining
- other, the other
- another
- (with ablative) different from
- low, vile
- expelled, rejected, thrown out
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | इतरः (ítaraḥ) | इतरौ (ítarau) इतरा¹ (ítarā¹) |
इतरे (ítare) |
| accusative | इतरम् (ítaram) | इतरौ (ítarau) इतरा¹ (ítarā¹) |
इतरान् (ítarān) |
| instrumental | इतरेण (ítareṇa) | इतराभ्याम् (ítarābhyām) | इतरैः (ítaraiḥ) इतरेभिः¹ (ítarebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | इतरस्मै (ítarasmai) | इतराभ्याम् (ítarābhyām) | इतरेभ्यः (ítarebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | इतरस्मात् (ítarasmāt) | इतराभ्याम् (ítarābhyām) | इतरेभ्यः (ítarebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | इतरस्य (ítarasya) | इतरयोः (ítarayoḥ) | इतरेषाम् (ítareṣām) |
| locative | इतरस्मिन् (ítarasmin) | इतरयोः (ítarayoḥ) | इतरेषु (ítareṣu) |
| vocative | इतर (ítara) | इतरौ (ítarau) इतरा¹ (ítarā¹) |
इतरे (ítare) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | इतरा (ítarā) | इतरे (ítare) | इतराः (ítarāḥ) |
| accusative | इतराम् (ítarām) | इतरे (ítare) | इतराः (ítarāḥ) |
| instrumental | इतरया (ítarayā) इतरा¹ (ítarā¹) |
इतराभ्याम् (ítarābhyām) | इतराभिः (ítarābhiḥ) |
| dative | इतरस्यै (ítarasyai) | इतराभ्याम् (ítarābhyām) | इतराभ्यः (ítarābhyaḥ) |
| ablative | इतरस्याः (ítarasyāḥ) | इतराभ्याम् (ítarābhyām) | इतराभ्यः (ítarābhyaḥ) |
| genitive | इतरस्याः (ítarasyāḥ) | इतरयोः (ítarayoḥ) | इतरासाम् (ítarāsām) |
| locative | इतरस्याम् (ítarasyām) | इतरयोः (ítarayoḥ) | इतरासु (ítarāsu) |
| vocative | इतरे (ítare) | इतरे (ítare) | इतराः (ítarāḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | इतरद् (ítarad) इतरम्¹ (ítaram¹) |
इतरे (ítare) | इतराणि (ítarāṇi) इतरा¹ (ítarā¹) |
| accusative | इतरद् (ítarad) इतरम्¹ (ítaram¹) |
इतरे (ítare) | इतराणि (ítarāṇi) इतरा¹ (ítarā¹) |
| instrumental | इतरेण (ítareṇa) | इतराभ्याम् (ítarābhyām) | इतरैः (ítaraiḥ) इतरेभिः¹ (ítarebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | इतरस्मै (ítarasmai) | इतराभ्याम् (ítarābhyām) | इतरेभ्यः (ítarebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | इतरस्मात् (ítarasmāt) | इतराभ्याम् (ítarābhyām) | इतरेभ्यः (ítarebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | इतरस्य (ítarasya) | इतरयोः (ítarayoḥ) | इतरेषाम् (ítareṣām) |
| locative | इतरस्मिन् (ítarasmin) | इतरयोः (ítarayoḥ) | इतरेषु (ítareṣu) |
| vocative | इतर (ítara) | इतरे (ítare) | इतराणि (ítarāṇi) इतरा¹ (ítarā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Note: The nominative neuter singular is इतरम् (itaram) in Vedic Sanskrit while it is इतरद् (itarad) in Classical Sanskrit.
Derived terms
- इतरतस् (itarátas, “different from, otherwise than”)
- इतरथा (itaráthā, “in another manner”)
Descendants
- Pali: itara
- → Bengali: ইতর (itor) (learned)
- → Gujarati: ઇતર (itar) (learned)
- → Hindi: इतर (itar) (learned)
- → Kannada: ಇತರ (itara) (learned)
- → Old Marathi: 𑘃𑘝𑘨 (ītara) (learned)
- Marathi: इतर (itar)
- → Tamil: இதரம் (itaram) (learned)
- Sindhi: एतरा m pl (etarā)
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “इतर”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 164, column 3.
- Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, page 236
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “ítara”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 70
- Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2025) “itara”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.