गंगा
Hindi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit गङ्गा (gaṅgā).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi) IPA(key): /ɡəŋ.ɡɑː/, [ɡɐ̃ŋ.ɡäː]
Proper noun
गंगा • (gaṅgā) f (Urdu spelling گنگا)
- Ganges, Ganga (a major river in the states of Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and West Bengal, India; a major river in Rajshahi, Dhaka, Chittagong and Barisal Divisions, Bangladesh)
Declension
| singular | |
|---|---|
| direct | गंगा gaṅgā |
| oblique | गंगा gaṅgā |
| vocative | गंगा gaṅgā |
Marathi
Etymology
Inherited from Old Marathi 𑘐𑘽𑘐𑘰 (gaṅgā), from Maharastri Prakrit 𑀕𑀁𑀕𑀸 (gaṅgā), from Sanskrit गङ्गा (gaṅgā).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡəŋ.ɡa/
Proper noun
गंगा • (gaṅgā) f
- Ganges, Ganga (a major river in the states of Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and West Bengal, India; a major river in Rajshahi, Dhaka, Chittagong and Barisal Divisions, Bangladesh)
- Synonym: भागीरथी (bhāgīrthī)
- (Hinduism) Ganga, a personification of the aforementioned river, worshiped as the goddess of purification and forgiveness
- a female given name from Sanskrit
Declension
| Declension of गंगा (fem ā-stem) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| direct singular |
गंगा gaṅgā | ||
| direct plural |
गंगा gaṅgā | ||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन | ||
| nominative प्रथमा |
गंगा gaṅgā |
गंगा gaṅgā | |
| oblique सामान्यरूप |
गंगे gaṅge |
गंगां- gaṅgān- | |
| acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी |
गंगेला gaṅgelā |
गंगांना gaṅgānnā | |
| ergative | गंगेने, गंगेनं gaṅgene, gaṅgena |
गंगांनी gaṅgānnī | |
| instrumental | गंगेशी gaṅgeśī |
गंगांशी gaṅgānśī | |
| locative सप्तमी |
गंगेत gaṅget |
गंगांत gaṅgāt | |
| vocative संबोधन |
गंगे gaṅge |
गंगांनो gaṅgānno | |
| Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition. | |||
| Genitive declension of गंगा (fem ā-stem) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म |
feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म |
neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म |
oblique सामान्यरूप | |||||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular* एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
|||
| singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता |
गंगेचा gaṅgeċā |
गंगेचे gaṅgeċe |
गंगेची gaṅgecī |
गंगेच्या gaṅgecā |
गंगेचे, गंगेचं gaṅgeċe, gaṅgeċa |
गंगेची gaṅgecī |
गंगेच्या gaṅgecā | |
| plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता |
गंगांचा gaṅgānċā |
गंगांचे gaṅgānċe |
गंगांची gaṅgāñcī |
गंगांच्या gaṅgāncā |
गंगांचे, गंगांचं gaṅgānċe, gaṅgānċa |
गंगांची gaṅgāñcī |
गंगांच्या gaṅgāñcā | |
| * Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition. | ||||||||
Derived terms
- गंगाजमनी (gaṅgājamnī)
- गंगाजल (gaṅgājal)
- गंगाभागीरथी (gaṅgābhāgīrthī)
- गंगावती (gaṅgāvtī)
- गंगास्नान (gaṅgāsnān)
- गंगोत्री (gaṅgotrī)
References
- दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950) “गंगा”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ)
- Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “गंगा”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
- Shankar Gopal Tulpule, Anne Feldhaus (1999) “गंगा”, in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan
Sanskrit
Proper noun
गंगा • (gaṃgā) f
- alternative spelling of गङ्गा (gaṅgā, “Ganges”)
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | गंगा (gáṃgā) | गंगे (gáṃge) | गंगाः (gáṃgāḥ) |
| accusative | गंगाम् (gáṃgām) | गंगे (gáṃge) | गंगाः (gáṃgāḥ) |
| instrumental | गंगया (gáṃgayā) गंगा¹ (gáṃgā¹) |
गंगाभ्याम् (gáṃgābhyām) | गंगाभिः (gáṃgābhiḥ) |
| dative | गंगायै (gáṃgāyai) | गंगाभ्याम् (gáṃgābhyām) | गंगाभ्यः (gáṃgābhyaḥ) |
| ablative | गंगायाः (gáṃgāyāḥ) गंगायै² (gáṃgāyai²) |
गंगाभ्याम् (gáṃgābhyām) | गंगाभ्यः (gáṃgābhyaḥ) |
| genitive | गंगायाः (gáṃgāyāḥ) गंगायै² (gáṃgāyai²) |
गंगयोः (gáṃgayoḥ) | गंगानाम् (gáṃgānām) |
| locative | गंगायाम् (gáṃgāyām) | गंगयोः (gáṃgayoḥ) | गंगासु (gáṃgāsu) |
| vocative | गंगे (gáṃge) | गंगे (gáṃge) | गंगाः (gáṃgāḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas