गाथा
Pali
Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
Noun
गाथा f
- Devanagari script form of gāthā
Declension
Declension table of "गाथा" (feminine)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | गाथा (gāthā) | गाथायो (gāthāyo) or गाथा (gāthā) |
| Accusative (second) | गाथं (gāthaṃ) | गाथायो (gāthāyo) or गाथा (gāthā) |
| Instrumental (third) | गाथाय (gāthāya) | गाथाहि (gāthāhi) or गाथाभि (gāthābhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | गाथाय (gāthāya) | गाथानं (gāthānaṃ) |
| Ablative (fifth) | गाथाय (gāthāya) | गाथाहि (gāthāhi) or गाथाभि (gāthābhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | गाथाय (gāthāya) | गाथानं (gāthānaṃ) |
| Locative (seventh) | गाथाय (gāthāya) or गाथायं (gāthāyaṃ) | गाथासु (gāthāsu) |
| Vocative (calling) | गाथे (gāthe) | गाथायो (gāthāyo) or गाथा (gāthā) |
Sanskrit
Alternative forms
- गाथ (gāthá)
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- গাথা (Assamese script)
- ᬕᬵᬣᬵ (Balinese script)
- গাথা (Bengali script)
- 𑰐𑰯𑰞𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀕𑀸𑀣𑀸 (Brahmi script)
- ဂါထာ (Burmese script)
- ગાથા (Gujarati script)
- ਗਾਥਾ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌗𑌾𑌥𑌾 (Grantha script)
- ꦒꦴꦡꦴ (Javanese script)
- 𑂏𑂰𑂟𑂰 (Kaithi script)
- ಗಾಥಾ (Kannada script)
- គាថា (Khmer script)
- ຄາຖາ (Lao script)
- ഗാഥാ (Malayalam script)
- ᡤᠠ᠊ᠠᡨᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
- 𑘐𑘰𑘞𑘰 (Modi script)
- ᠺᠠᢗᠲᠠ᠋ᠠ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦰𑧑𑦾𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐐𑐵𑐠𑐵 (Newa script)
- ଗାଥା (Odia script)
- ꢔꢵꢢꢵ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆓𑆳𑆡𑆳 (Sharada script)
- 𑖐𑖯𑖞𑖯 (Siddham script)
- ගාථා (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩞𑩛𑩬𑩛 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚌𑚭𑚚𑚭 (Takri script)
- க³ாத²ா (Tamil script)
- గాథా (Telugu script)
- คาถา (Thai script)
- གཱ་ཐཱ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒑𑒰𑒟𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨍𑨊𑨚𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *gáHtʰaH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gáHtʰaH. Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬁𐬚𐬁 (gāθā, “form of strophe, metre, namely the collections of Zarathustra's songs”). The same PII root *gaH- gave the Sanskrit verb गायति (gāyati, “to sing”).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /ɡɑ́ː.tʰɑː/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /ɡɑː.t̪ʰɑː/
Noun
गाथा • (gā́thā) stem, f (root गै)
- verse, stanza (especially one which is neither ऋच् (ṛc), nor सामन् (sāman), nor यजुस् (yajus), a verse not belonging to the Vedas, but to the epic poetry of legends or आख्यान (ākhyāna)s, such as the Śunaḥśepa-ākhyāna or the Suparṇādhyāya)
- the metrical part of a sūtra
- name of the āryā metre
- any metre not enumerated in the regular treatises on prosody (compare ऋग्गाथा (ṛg-gāthā), ऋजुगाथ (ṛju-gātha), यज्ञगाथा (yajña-gāthā))
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | गाथा (gā́thā) | गाथे (gā́the) | गाथाः (gā́thāḥ) |
| accusative | गाथाम् (gā́thām) | गाथे (gā́the) | गाथाः (gā́thāḥ) |
| instrumental | गाथया (gā́thayā) गाथा¹ (gā́thā¹) |
गाथाभ्याम् (gā́thābhyām) | गाथाभिः (gā́thābhiḥ) |
| dative | गाथायै (gā́thāyai) | गाथाभ्याम् (gā́thābhyām) | गाथाभ्यः (gā́thābhyaḥ) |
| ablative | गाथायाः (gā́thāyāḥ) गाथायै² (gā́thāyai²) |
गाथाभ्याम् (gā́thābhyām) | गाथाभ्यः (gā́thābhyaḥ) |
| genitive | गाथायाः (gā́thāyāḥ) गाथायै² (gā́thāyai²) |
गाथयोः (gā́thayoḥ) | गाथानाम् (gā́thānām) |
| locative | गाथायाम् (gā́thāyām) | गाथयोः (gā́thayoḥ) | गाथासु (gā́thāsu) |
| vocative | गाथे (gā́the) | गाथे (gā́the) | गाथाः (gā́thāḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
Related terms
- गाथ (gāthá)
- गाथिन् (gāthín)
Descendants
- Assamese: গাথা (gatha)
- Bengali: গাথা (gatha)
- → Malayalam: ഗാഥ (gātha)
- Kalasha: ghọ̃
- Marathi: गाथा (gāthā)
- Odia: ଗାଥା (gāthā)
- Pali: gāthā
- → Telugu: గాథ (gātha)
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “गाथा”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 352, column 2.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 484