चल
Garhwali
Etymology
From Prakrit [Term?], from Sanskrit चलति (calati). Cognates include Hindi चलना (calnā) and Nepali चल्नु (calnu).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈt͡ʃəl/
Verb
चल (cal)
- (intransitive) to go
Derived terms
References
- Anoop Chandra Chandola (1966) A Synthatic Sketch of Garhwali, University of Chicago press (PhD thesis), page 2
Hindi
Pronunciation
- (Delhi) IPA(key): /t͡ʃəl/, [t͡ʃɐl]
- Rhymes: -əl
Etymology 1
From Sanskrit चल (cala, “moving, trembling; unsteady, perishable; disturbed, confused”).
Adjective
चल • (cal) (indeclinable)
- moving; trembling
- movable, mobile
- unsteady, inconstant, fickle
- disturbed, confused
- transient, ephemeral
Noun
चल • (cal) m
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | चल cal |
चल cal |
| oblique | चल cal |
चलों calõ |
| vocative | चल cal |
चलो calo |
Derived terms
- चल संपत्ति (cal sampatti)
- चलचित्र (calcitra)
- चलपुस्तकालय (calpustakālay)
Etymology 2
Verb
चल • (cal)
- inflection of चलना (calnā):
- stem
- second-person singular present imperative
References
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “चल”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
- Bahri, Hardev (1989) “चल”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
- Caturvedi, Mahendra, Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970) “चल”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House
Pali
Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
- cala (Latin script)
- 𑀘𑀮 (Brahmi script)
- চল (Bengali script)
- චල (Sinhalese script)
- စလ or ၸလ (Burmese script)
- จล or จะละ (Thai script)
- ᨧᩃ (Tai Tham script)
- ຈລ or ຈະລະ (Lao script)
- ចល (Khmer script)
- 𑄌𑄣 (Chakma script)
Verb
चल
- Devanagari script form of cala, imperative active second-person singular of चलति (calati, “to move”)
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- চল (Assamese script)
- ᬘᬮ (Balinese script)
- চল (Bengali script)
- 𑰓𑰩 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀘𑀮 (Brahmi script)
- စလ (Burmese script)
- ચલ (Gujarati script)
- ਚਲ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌚𑌲 (Grantha script)
- ꦕꦭ (Javanese script)
- 𑂒𑂪 (Kaithi script)
- ಚಲ (Kannada script)
- ចល (Khmer script)
- ຈລ (Lao script)
- ചല (Malayalam script)
- ᢜᠠᠯᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘓𑘩 (Modi script)
- ᢋᠠᠯᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦳𑧉 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐔𑐮 (Newa script)
- ଚଲ (Odia script)
- ꢗꢭ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆖𑆬 (Sharada script)
- 𑖓𑖩 (Siddham script)
- චල (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩡𑩽 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚏𑚥 (Takri script)
- சல (Tamil script)
- చల (Telugu script)
- จล (Thai script)
- ཙ་ལ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒔𑒪 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨣𑨬 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From the root चल् (cal, “to move”) + -अ (-a, action suffix).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /t͡ɕɐ.lɐ/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /t͡ɕɐ.l̪ɐ/
Adjective
चल • (cala) stem
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | चलः (calaḥ) | चलौ (calau) | चलाः (calāḥ) |
| accusative | चलम् (calam) | चलौ (calau) | चलान् (calān) |
| instrumental | चलेन (calena) | चलाभ्याम् (calābhyām) | चलैः (calaiḥ) |
| dative | चलाय (calāya) | चलाभ्याम् (calābhyām) | चलेभ्यः (calebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | चलात् (calāt) | चलाभ्याम् (calābhyām) | चलेभ्यः (calebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | चलस्य (calasya) | चलयोः (calayoḥ) | चलानाम् (calānām) |
| locative | चले (cale) | चलयोः (calayoḥ) | चलेषु (caleṣu) |
| vocative | चल (cala) | चलौ (calau) | चलाः (calāḥ) |
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | चला (calā) | चले (cale) | चलाः (calāḥ) |
| accusative | चलाम् (calām) | चले (cale) | चलाः (calāḥ) |
| instrumental | चलया (calayā) | चलाभ्याम् (calābhyām) | चलाभिः (calābhiḥ) |
| dative | चलायै (calāyai) | चलाभ्याम् (calābhyām) | चलाभ्यः (calābhyaḥ) |
| ablative | चलायाः (calāyāḥ) | चलाभ्याम् (calābhyām) | चलाभ्यः (calābhyaḥ) |
| genitive | चलायाः (calāyāḥ) | चलयोः (calayoḥ) | चलानाम् (calānām) |
| locative | चलायाम् (calāyām) | चलयोः (calayoḥ) | चलासु (calāsu) |
| vocative | चले (cale) | चले (cale) | चलाः (calāḥ) |
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | चलम् (calam) | चले (cale) | चलानि (calāni) |
| accusative | चलम् (calam) | चले (cale) | चलानि (calāni) |
| instrumental | चलेन (calena) | चलाभ्याम् (calābhyām) | चलैः (calaiḥ) |
| dative | चलाय (calāya) | चलाभ्याम् (calābhyām) | चलेभ्यः (calebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | चलात् (calāt) | चलाभ्याम् (calābhyām) | चलेभ्यः (calebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | चलस्य (calasya) | चलयोः (calayoḥ) | चलानाम् (calānām) |
| locative | चले (cale) | चलयोः (calayoḥ) | चलेषु (caleṣu) |
| vocative | चल (cala) | चले (cale) | चलानि (calāni) |
Derived terms
- प्रचल (pracala)
Noun
चल • (cala) stem, m
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | चलः (calaḥ) | चलौ (calau) चला¹ (calā¹) |
चलाः (calāḥ) चलासः¹ (calāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | चलम् (calam) | चलौ (calau) चला¹ (calā¹) |
चलान् (calān) |
| instrumental | चलेन (calena) | चलाभ्याम् (calābhyām) | चलैः (calaiḥ) चलेभिः¹ (calebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | चलाय (calāya) | चलाभ्याम् (calābhyām) | चलेभ्यः (calebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | चलात् (calāt) | चलाभ्याम् (calābhyām) | चलेभ्यः (calebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | चलस्य (calasya) | चलयोः (calayoḥ) | चलानाम् (calānām) |
| locative | चले (cale) | चलयोः (calayoḥ) | चलेषु (caleṣu) |
| vocative | चल (cala) | चलौ (calau) चला¹ (calā¹) |
चलाः (calāḥ) चलासः¹ (calāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Further reading
- Monier Williams (1899) “चल”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 391, column 1.