चलति

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

calati (Latin script)
𑀘𑀮𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
চলতি (Bengali script)
චලති (Sinhalese script)
စလတိ or ၸလတိ (Burmese script)
จลติ or จะละติ (Thai script)
ᨧᩃᨲᩥ (Tai Tham script)
ຈລຕິ or ຈະລະຕິ (Lao script)
ចលតិ (Khmer script)
𑄌𑄣𑄖𑄨 (Chakma script)

Verb

चलति (root cal, first conjugation)

Devanagari script form of calati (“to move”)

Conjugation

Conjugation of "चलति"

	Singular	Plural
Present
1st	चलामि (calāmi)	चलाम (calāma)
2nd	चलसि (calasi)	चलथ (calatha)
3rd	चलति (calati)	चलन्ति (calanti)
Imperative
1st	चलामि (calāmi)	चलाम (calāma)
2nd	चल (cala) or चलाहि (calāhi)	चलथ (calatha)
3rd	चलतु (calatu)	चलन्तु (calantu)
Optative
1st	चलेय्यामि (caleyyāmi) or चलेय्यं (caleyyaṃ) or चले (cale)	चलेय्याम (caleyyāma)
2nd	चलेय्यासि (caleyyāsi) or चले (cale)	चलेय्याथ (caleyyātha)
3rd	चलेय्य (caleyya) or चले (cale)	चलेय्युं (caleyyuṃ)

Present active participle: चलन्त् (calant), which see for forms and usage
Present middle participle: चलमान (calamāna), which see for forms and usage

Adjective

चलति

Devanagari script form of calati, masculine/neuter locative singular of चलन्त् (calant), present participle of the verb above

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

চলতি (Assamese script)
ᬘᬮᬢᬶ (Balinese script)
চলতি (Bengali script)
𑰓𑰩𑰝𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀘𑀮𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
စလတိ (Burmese script)
ચલતિ (Gujarati script)
ਚਲਤਿ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌚𑌲𑌤𑌿 (Grantha script)
ꦕꦭꦠꦶ (Javanese script)
𑂒𑂪𑂞𑂱 (Kaithi script)
ಚಲತಿ (Kannada script)
ចលតិ (Khmer script)
ຈລຕິ (Lao script)
ചലതി (Malayalam script)
ᢜᠠᠯᠠᢠᡳ (Manchu script)
𑘓𑘩𑘝𑘱 (Modi script)
ᢋᠠᠯᠠᢐᠢ (Mongolian script)
𑦳𑧉𑦽𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
𑐔𑐮𑐟𑐶 (Newa script)
ଚଲତି (Odia script)
ꢗꢭꢡꢶ (Saurashtra script)
𑆖𑆬𑆠𑆴 (Sharada script)
𑖓𑖩𑖝𑖰 (Siddham script)
චලති (Sinhalese script)
𑩡𑩽𑩫𑩑 (Soyombo script)
𑚏𑚥𑚙𑚮 (Takri script)
சலதி (Tamil script)
చలతి (Telugu script)
จลติ (Thai script)
ཙ་ལ་ཏི (Tibetan script)
𑒔𑒪𑒞𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
𑨣𑨬𑨙𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *čálHati, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷélh₁-e-ti, from *kʷelh₁- (“to move; to turn (around)”). Cognate with Ancient Greek πέλω (pélō), Latin colō. See also चरति (cárati).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /t͡ɕɐ́.lɐ.ti/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /t͡ɕɐ.l̪ɐ.t̪i/

Verb

चलति • (cálati) third-singular indicative (class 1, type P, root चल्)

to walk
(intransitive) to shiver
(intransitive) to tremble, quake, stir
to leave, go away, depart
to proceed, go on, continue

Conjugation

Present: चलति (cálati), चलते (cálate)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	चलति cálati	चलतः cálataḥ	चलन्ति cálanti	चलते cálate	चलेते cálete	चलन्ते cálante
Second	चलसि cálasi	चलथः cálathaḥ	चलथ cálatha	चलसे cálase	चलेथे cálethe	चलध्वे cáladhve
First	चलामि cálāmi	चलावः cálāvaḥ	चलामः / चलामसि¹ cálāmaḥ / cálāmasi¹	चले cále	चलावहे cálāvahe	चलामहे cálāmahe
Imperative
Third	चलतु cálatu	चलताम् cálatām	चलन्तु cálantu	चलताम् cálatām	चलेताम् cáletām	चलन्ताम् cálantām
Second	चल cála	चलतम् cálatam	चलत cálata	चलस्व cálasva	चलेथाम् cálethām	चलध्वम् cáladhvam
First	चलानि cálāni	चलाव cálāva	चलाम cálāma	चलै cálai	चलावहै cálāvahai	चलामहै cálāmahai
Optative/Potential
Third	चलेत् cálet	चलेताम् cáletām	चलेयुः cáleyuḥ	चलेत cáleta	चलेयाताम् cáleyātām	चलेरन् cáleran
Second	चलेः cáleḥ	चलेतम् cáletam	चलेत cáleta	चलेथाः cálethāḥ	चलेयाथाम् cáleyāthām	चलेध्वम् cáledhvam
First	चलेयम् cáleyam	चलेव cáleva	चलेम cálema	चलेय cáleya	चलेवहि cálevahi	चलेमहि cálemahi
Subjunctive
Third	चलात् / चलाति cálāt / cálāti	चलातः cálātaḥ	चलान् cálān	चलाते / चलातै cálāte / cálātai	चलैते cálaite	चलन्त / चलान्तै cálanta / cálāntai
Second	चलाः / चलासि cálāḥ / cálāsi	चलाथः cálāthaḥ	चलाथ cálātha	चलासे / चलासै cálāse / cálāsai	चलैथे cálaithe	चलाध्वै cálādhvai
First	चलानि cálāni	चलाव cálāva	चलाम cálāma	चलै cálai	चलावहै cálāvahai	चलामहै cálāmahai
Participles
	चलत् cálat			चलमान cálamāna
Notes	The subjunctive is only used in Vedic Sanskrit. ¹Vedic

Imperfect: अचलत् (ácalat), अचलत (ácalata)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	अचलत् ácalat	अचलताम् ácalatām	अचलन् ácalan	अचलत ácalata	अचलेताम् ácaletām	अचलन्त ácalanta
Second	अचलः ácalaḥ	अचलतम् ácalatam	अचलत ácalata	अचलथाः ácalathāḥ	अचलेथाम् ácalethām	अचलध्वम् ácaladhvam
First	अचलम् ácalam	अचलाव ácalāva	अचलाम ácalāma	अचले ácale	अचलावहि ácalāvahi	अचलामहि ácalāmahi

Derived terms

चालयति (cālayati)

Descendants

Dardic:
- Kashmiri: ژَلُن (ċalun)
- Pashayi:
  - Northwest Pashayi: čal-
  - Southeast Pashayi: čal-
Pali: calati
- → Khmer: ចល័ត (caʼlat)
Prakrit: 𑀘𑀮𑀤𑀺 (caladi)
- Central:
  - Sauraseni Prakrit:
    - Hindustani: calnā
      - Hindi: चलना
      - Urdu: چَلنَا
        Old Awadhi: चलइ (calaï)
        
        → Bihari:
        Bhojpuri: चलल (calal)
        
        Maithili: चलब (calab)
    - Romani:
      - Caló: chalar
        → Spanish: chalar
- Eastern:
  - Magadhi Prakrit:
    - Assamese: চলা (sola), চলিব (solibo)
    - Bengali: চলা (cola)
    - Odia: ଚଳିବା (caḷibā)
- Northern:
  - Khasa Prakrit:
    - Central Pahari:
      - Garhwali: चल (cal)
      - Kumaoni: चलणो (calṇo)
    - Eastern Pahari:
      - Nepali: चल्नु (calnu)
    - Western Pahari:
      - Bhadrawahi: चल्नू (calnū)
      - Chambeali: चलणा (calṇā)
- Northwestern:
  - Paisaci Prakrit:
    - Punjabi: calṇā
      Gurmukhi script: ਚਲਣਾ
      
      Shahmukhi script: چَلݨَا
- Southern:
  - Maharastri Prakrit:
    - Marathi: चालणे (cālṇe), चळणे (ċaḷṇe)
- Western:
  - Sauraseni Prakrit:
    - Old Gujarati:
      - Gujarati: ચાલવું (cālvũ)
      - Old Marwari: चलइ (calai)

References

Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “calati”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 256