छुपति

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

ছুপতি (Assamese script)
ᬙᬸᬧᬢᬶ (Balinese script)
ছুপতি (Bengali script)
𑰔𑰲𑰢𑰝𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀙𑀼𑀧𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
ဆုပတိ (Burmese script)
છુપતિ (Gujarati script)
ਛੁਪਤਿ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌛𑍁𑌪𑌤𑌿 (Grantha script)
ꦖꦸꦥꦠꦶ (Javanese script)
𑂓𑂳𑂣𑂞𑂱 (Kaithi script)
ಛುಪತಿ (Kannada script)
ឆុបតិ (Khmer script)
ຉຸປຕິ (Lao script)
ഛുപതി (Malayalam script)
ᡮᡠᢒᠠᢠᡳ (Manchu script)
𑘔𑘳𑘢𑘝𑘱 (Modi script)
ᠼᠤᢒᠠᢐᠢ (Mongolian script)
𑦴𑧔𑧂𑦽𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
𑐕𑐸𑐥𑐟𑐶 (Newa script)
ଛୁପତି (Odia script)
ꢘꢸꢦꢡꢶ (Saurashtra script)
𑆗𑆶𑆥𑆠𑆴 (Sharada script)
𑖔𑖲𑖢𑖝𑖰 (Siddham script)
ඡුපති (Sinhalese script)
𑩢𑩒𑩰𑩫𑩑 (Soyombo script)
𑚐𑚰𑚞𑚙𑚮 (Takri script)
சு²பதி (Tamil script)
ఛుపతి (Telugu script)
ฉุปติ (Thai script)
ཚུ་པ་ཏི (Tibetan script)
𑒕𑒳𑒣𑒞𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
𑨤𑨃𑨞𑨙𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *skupéti?

Sanskrit स्पृश् (spṛś)?

Sanskrit छुपति (chupati)

Uncertain.^[1]^[2]

Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *skup-é-ti, from *skewp- (“to touch”). The only cognate would be Proto-Slavic *ščupati (“to touch”). However some sources try to connect the root to Proto-Indo-European *skewbʰ- (whence Proto-Germanic *skeubaną (“to push, drive”)) and *(s)kewh₂- (“to poke, mark”) (whence स्कु॒नाति॑ (skunā́ti), and many Iranian relatives meaning "to touch"); ultimately, perhaps these are all extensions of a *skew-.^[3]
Per Tedesco, from a metathesised dialectal variant of स्पृश् (spṛś, “to touch”).

Pronunciation

(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /t͡ɕʰu.pɐ.t̪i/

Verb

छुपति • (chupati) third-singular indicative (class 6, type P, present, root छुप्)^[4]

to touch
Synonym: स्पृशति (spṛśati)

Conjugation

Present: छुपति (chupati), छुपते (chupate)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	छुपति chupati	छुपतः chupataḥ	छुपन्ति chupanti	छुपते chupate	छुपेते chupete	छुपन्ते chupante
Second	छुपसि chupasi	छुपथः chupathaḥ	छुपथ chupatha	छुपसे chupase	छुपेथे chupethe	छुपध्वे chupadhve
First	छुपामि chupāmi	छुपावः chupāvaḥ	छुपामः / छुपामसि¹ chupāmaḥ / chupāmasi¹	छुपे chupe	छुपावहे chupāvahe	छुपामहे chupāmahe
Imperative
Third	छुपतु chupatu	छुपताम् chupatām	छुपन्तु chupantu	छुपताम् chupatām	छुपेताम् chupetām	छुपन्ताम् chupantām
Second	छुप chupa	छुपतम् chupatam	छुपत chupata	छुपस्व chupasva	छुपेथाम् chupethām	छुपध्वम् chupadhvam
First	छुपानि chupāni	छुपाव chupāva	छुपाम chupāma	छुपै chupai	छुपावहै chupāvahai	छुपामहै chupāmahai
Optative/Potential
Third	छुपेत् chupet	छुपेताम् chupetām	छुपेयुः chupeyuḥ	छुपेत chupeta	छुपेयाताम् chupeyātām	छुपेरन् chuperan
Second	छुपेः chupeḥ	छुपेतम् chupetam	छुपेत chupeta	छुपेथाः chupethāḥ	छुपेयाथाम् chupeyāthām	छुपेध्वम् chupedhvam
First	छुपेयम् chupeyam	छुपेव chupeva	छुपेम chupema	छुपेय chupeya	छुपेवहि chupevahi	छुपेमहि chupemahi
Subjunctive
Third	छुपात् / छुपाति chupāt / chupāti	छुपातः chupātaḥ	छुपान् chupān	छुपाते / छुपातै chupāte / chupātai	छुपैते chupaite	छुपन्त / छुपान्तै chupanta / chupāntai
Second	छुपाः / छुपासि chupāḥ / chupāsi	छुपाथः chupāthaḥ	छुपाथ chupātha	छुपासे / छुपासै chupāse / chupāsai	छुपैथे chupaithe	छुपाध्वै chupādhvai
First	छुपानि chupāni	छुपाव chupāva	छुपाम chupāma	छुपै chupai	छुपावहै chupāvahai	छुपामहै chupāmahai
Participles
	छुपत् chupat			छुपमान chupamāna
Notes	The subjunctive is only used in Vedic Sanskrit. ¹Vedic

Descendants

Pali: chupati
Prakrit: 𑀙𑀼𑀯𑀇 (chuvaï), 𑀙𑀼𑀯𑀤𑀺 (chuvadi), 𑀙𑀺𑀕𑁆𑀕𑀤𑀺 (chiggadi) — Śaurasenī, 𑀙𑀺𑀯𑀇 (chivaï) — Māhārāṣṭrī (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1956) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎^[1] (in German), volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 408
^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[2] (in German), volume III, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 203
^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “chupáti”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 278
^ Monier Williams (1899) “छुप्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 407.

[1] Mayrhofer, Manfred (1956) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎^[1] (in German), volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 408

[2] Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[2] (in German), volume III, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 203

[3] Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “chupáti”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 278

[4] Monier Williams (1899) “छुप्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 407.

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