जङ्घा
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- জঙ্ঘা (Assamese script)
- ᬚᬗ᭄ᬖᬵ (Balinese script)
- জঙ্ঘা (Bengali script)
- 𑰕𑰒𑰿𑰑𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀚𑀗𑁆𑀖𑀸 (Brahmi script)
- ဇင်္ဃာ (Burmese script)
- જઙ્ઘા (Gujarati script)
- ਜਙ੍ਘਾ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌜𑌙𑍍𑌘𑌾 (Grantha script)
- ꦗꦔ꧀ꦓꦴ (Javanese script)
- 𑂔𑂑𑂹𑂐𑂰 (Kaithi script)
- ಜಙ್ಘಾ (Kannada script)
- ជង្ឃា (Khmer script)
- ຊງ຺ຆາ (Lao script)
- ജങ്ഘാ (Malayalam script)
- ᡯᠠᢛᢚᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
- 𑘕𑘒𑘿𑘑𑘰 (Modi script)
- ᠽᠠᢊᠺᠾᠠ᠋ᠠ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦵𑦲𑧠𑦱𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐖𑐒𑑂𑐑𑐵 (Newa script)
- ଜଙ୍ଘା (Odia script)
- ꢙꢖ꣄ꢕꢵ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆘𑆕𑇀𑆔𑆳 (Sharada script)
- 𑖕𑖒𑖿𑖑𑖯 (Siddham script)
- ජඞ්ඝා (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩣𑩠 𑪙𑩟𑩛 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚑𑚎𑚶𑚍𑚭 (Takri script)
- ஜங்க⁴ா (Tamil script)
- జఙ్ఘా (Telugu script)
- ชงฺฆา (Thai script)
- ཛ་ངྒྷཱ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒖𑒓𑓂𑒒𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨥𑨏𑩇𑨎𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰángʰas
Sanskrit जङ्घा॑ (jáṅghā)
Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *źʰángʰas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰángʰas, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰengʰ-o-s.[1] Compare Avestan 𐬰𐬀𐬧𐬔𐬀 (zaṇga), Middle Persian [script needed] (zang).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /d͡ʑɐ́ŋ.ɡʱɑː/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /d͡ʑɐŋ.ɡʱɑː/
Noun
जङ्घा॑ • (jáṅghā) stem, f (root जंह्) [2]
- shank (part of the leg between the knee and ankle)
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.116.15:
- च॒रित्रं॒ हि वेरि॒वाच्छे॑दि प॒र्णमा॒जा खे॒लस्य॒ परि॑तक्म्यायाम् ।
स॒द्यो जङ्घा॒म्आय॑सीं वि॒श्पला॑यै॒ धने॑ हि॒ते सर्त॑वे॒ प्रत्य॑धत्तम् ॥- carítraṃ hí vérivā́cchedi parṇámājā́ khelásya páritakmyāyām.
sadyó jáṅghāmā́yasīṃ viśpálāyai dháne hité sártave prátyadhattam. - When in the time of night, in Khela's battle, a leg was severed like a wild bird's pinion,
Straight ye gave Vispala a leg of iron that she might move what time the conflict opened.
- carítraṃ hí vérivā́cchedi parṇámājā́ khelásya páritakmyāyām.
- च॒रित्रं॒ हि वेरि॒वाच्छे॑दि प॒र्णमा॒जा खे॒लस्य॒ परि॑तक्म्यायाम् ।
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | जङ्घा (jáṅghā) | जङ्घे (jáṅghe) | जङ्घाः (jáṅghāḥ) |
| accusative | जङ्घाम् (jáṅghām) | जङ्घे (jáṅghe) | जङ्घाः (jáṅghāḥ) |
| instrumental | जङ्घया (jáṅghayā) जङ्घा¹ (jáṅghā¹) |
जङ्घाभ्याम् (jáṅghābhyām) | जङ्घाभिः (jáṅghābhiḥ) |
| dative | जङ्घायै (jáṅghāyai) | जङ्घाभ्याम् (jáṅghābhyām) | जङ्घाभ्यः (jáṅghābhyaḥ) |
| ablative | जङ्घायाः (jáṅghāyāḥ) जङ्घायै² (jáṅghāyai²) |
जङ्घाभ्याम् (jáṅghābhyām) | जङ्घाभ्यः (jáṅghābhyaḥ) |
| genitive | जङ्घायाः (jáṅghāyāḥ) जङ्घायै² (jáṅghāyai²) |
जङ्घयोः (jáṅghayoḥ) | जङ्घानाम् (jáṅghānām) |
| locative | जङ्घायाम् (jáṅghāyām) | जङ्घयोः (jáṅghayoḥ) | जङ्घासु (jáṅghāsu) |
| vocative | जङ्घे (jáṅghe) | जङ्घे (jáṅghe) | जङ्घाः (jáṅghāḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
Descendants
References
- ^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University
- ^ Monier Williams (1899) “जङ्घा”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 409.