जू

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts
  • জূ (Assamese script)
  • ᬚᬹ (Balinese script)
  • জূ (Bengali script)
  • 𑰕𑰳 (Bhaiksuki script)
  • 𑀚𑀽 (Brahmi script)
  • ဇူ (Burmese script)
  • જૂ (Gujarati script)
  • ਜੂ (Gurmukhi script)
  • 𑌜𑍂 (Grantha script)
  • ꦗꦹ (Javanese script)
  • 𑂔𑂴 (Kaithi script)
  • ಜೂ (Kannada script)
  • ជូ (Khmer script)
  • ຊູ (Lao script)
  • ജൂ (Malayalam script)
  • ᡯᡠᡠ (Manchu script)
  • 𑘕𑘴 (Modi script)
  • ᠽᠤᠤ (Mongolian script)
  • 𑦵𑧕 (Nandinagari script)
  • 𑐖𑐹 (Newa script)
  • ଜୂ (Odia script)
  • ꢙꢹ (Saurashtra script)
  • 𑆘𑆷 (Sharada script)
  • 𑖕𑖳 (Siddham script)
  • ජූ (Sinhalese script)
  • 𑩣𑩒𑩛 (Soyombo script)
  • 𑚑𑚱 (Takri script)
  • ஜூ (Tamil script)
  • జూ (Telugu script)
  • ชู (Thai script)
  • ཛཱུ (Tibetan script)
  • 𑒖𑒴 (Tirhuta script)
  • 𑨥𑨃𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́awH- (“to quicken, to hasten, to impel, hurry”),[1] possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root *ǵewH- (“force, drive”). Cognate with Middle Persian [script needed] (zwt' /⁠zūd⁠/) (whence Persian زود (zud, “early”)), Classical Persian زور (zōr, “force, strength”), and Avestan 𐬰𐬆𐬎𐬎𐬍𐬱𐬙𐬌𐬌𐬀 (zəuuīštiia, “quickest”). Possible Indo-European cognates include Old Norse keyra (“drive”) and Proto-Slavic *žurìti (“to rage”).[2]

Pronunciation

Root

जू • (jū)

  1. to press forwards, hurry on, be quick
  2. to impel quickly, urge or drive on, incite
  3. to scare
  4. to excite, promote, animate, inspire

Derived terms

  • ज (já, “speedy”)
    • ज (já, “speed, swiftness”)
    • जव (jáva, “velocity, speed, haste”)
    • जवीयस् (jávīyas, “quicker, fleeter”)
    • जविष्ठ (jáviṣṭha, “quickest, fleetest”)
    • जवन (jávana, javaná, “quick, swift, fleet”)
    • जविन् (javín, “quick, swift, fleet”)
    • जवस् (jávas, “swift, rapid”)
    • जुवस् (júvas, “celerity, swiftness”)
    • जू (jū́, “quick, speedy; inciting, driving”)
    • जूति (jūtí, “driving; velocity; impulse, energy”)
    • जूत (jūtá, “impelled, driven”)
    • जुनति (junā́ti, “to go, move”)
    • जवति (javati, “to press forwards, hurry on, be quick to impel”)
    • जवते (jávate, “to press forwards, hurry on, be quick to impel”)
    • जू (jū́, “courser”)
    • यातुजू (yātú-jū́, “possessed by Yātu-s”)
    • जूजुवस् (jūjuvás, “speedy”)
    • धीजवन (dhī́-jávana, “rousing or inspiring the mind”)

Adjective

जू • (jū́) stem

  1. quick, speedy, courser
  2. inciting, driving

Declension

Masculine ū-stem declension of जू
singular dual plural
nominative जूः (jū́ḥ) जुवौ (júvau) जुवः (júvaḥ)
accusative जुवम् (júvam) जुवौ (júvau) जुवः (júvaḥ)
instrumental जुवा (juvā́) जूभ्याम् (jūbhyā́m) जूभिः (jūbhíḥ)
dative जुवे (juvé)
जुवै¹ (juvaí¹) 		जूभ्याम् (jūbhyā́m) जूभ्यः (jūbhyáḥ)
ablative जुवः (juváḥ)
जुवाः¹ (juvā́ḥ¹)
जुवै² (juvaí²) 		जूभ्याम् (jūbhyā́m) जूभ्यः (jūbhyáḥ)
genitive जुवः (juváḥ)
जुवाः¹ (juvā́ḥ¹)
जुवै² (juvaí²) 		जुवोः (juvóḥ) जुवाम् (juvā́m)
जूनाम्¹ (jūnā́m¹)
locative जुवि (juví)
जुवाम्¹ (juvā́m¹) 		जुवोः (juvóḥ) जूषु (jūṣú)
vocative जूः (jū́ḥ) जुवौ (júvau) जुवः (júvaḥ)
  • ¹Later Sanskrit
  • ²Brāhmaṇas
Feminine ū-stem declension of जू
singular dual plural
nominative जूः (jū́ḥ) जुवौ (júvau) जुवः (júvaḥ)
accusative जुवम् (júvam) जुवौ (júvau) जुवः (júvaḥ)
instrumental जुवा (juvā́) जूभ्याम् (jūbhyā́m) जूभिः (jūbhíḥ)
dative जुवे (juvé)
जुवै¹ (juvaí¹) 		जूभ्याम् (jūbhyā́m) जूभ्यः (jūbhyáḥ)
ablative जुवः (juváḥ)
जुवाः¹ (juvā́ḥ¹)
जुवै² (juvaí²) 		जूभ्याम् (jūbhyā́m) जूभ्यः (jūbhyáḥ)
genitive जुवः (juváḥ)
जुवाः¹ (juvā́ḥ¹)
जुवै² (juvaí²) 		जुवोः (juvóḥ) जुवाम् (juvā́m)
जूनाम्¹ (jūnā́m¹)
locative जुवि (juví)
जुवाम्¹ (juvā́m¹) 		जुवोः (juvóḥ) जूषु (jūṣú)
vocative जूः (jū́ḥ) जुवौ (júvau) जुवः (júvaḥ)
  • ¹Later Sanskrit
  • ²Brāhmaṇas
Neuter u-stem declension of जु
singular dual plural
nominative जु (jú) जुनी (júnī) जूनि (jū́ni)
जु¹ (jú¹)
जू¹ (jū́¹)
accusative जु (jú) जुनी (júnī) जूनि (jū́ni)
जु¹ (jú¹)
जू¹ (jū́¹)
instrumental जुना (júnā)
ज्वा¹ (jvā́¹) 		जुभ्याम् (júbhyām) जुभिः (júbhiḥ)
dative जुने (júne)
जवे (jáve)
ज्वे¹ (jvé¹) 		जुभ्याम् (júbhyām) जुभ्यः (júbhyaḥ)
ablative जुनः (júnaḥ)
जोः (jóḥ)
ज्वः¹ (jváḥ¹) 		जुभ्याम् (júbhyām) जुभ्यः (júbhyaḥ)
genitive जुनः (júnaḥ)
जोः (jóḥ)
ज्वः¹ (jváḥ¹) 		जुनोः (júnoḥ)
ज्वोः (jvóḥ) 		जूनाम् (jūnā́m)
locative जुनि (júni)
जौ (jaú) 		जुनोः (júnoḥ)
ज्वोः (jvóḥ) 		जुषु (júṣu)
vocative जु (jú)
जो (jó) 		जुनी (júnī) जूनि (jū́ni)
जु¹ (jú¹)
जू¹ (jū́¹)
  • ¹Vedic

Noun

जू • (jū) stem, f

  1. speed
  2. the atmosphere
  3. a female goblin
  4. Sarasvati
  5. a spot on the forehead (?) of horses and oxen

Declension

Feminine ū-stem declension of जू
singular dual plural
nominative जूः (jūḥ) जुवौ (juvau) जुवः (juvaḥ)
accusative जुवम् (juvam) जुवौ (juvau) जुवः (juvaḥ)
instrumental जुवा (juvā) जूभ्याम् (jūbhyām) जूभिः (jūbhiḥ)
dative जुवे (juve)
जुवै¹ (juvai¹) 		जूभ्याम् (jūbhyām) जूभ्यः (jūbhyaḥ)
ablative जुवः (juvaḥ)
जुवाः¹ (juvāḥ¹)
जुवै² (juvai²) 		जूभ्याम् (jūbhyām) जूभ्यः (jūbhyaḥ)
genitive जुवः (juvaḥ)
जुवाः¹ (juvāḥ¹)
जुवै² (juvai²) 		जुवोः (juvoḥ) जुवाम् (juvām)
जूनाम्¹ (jūnām¹)
locative जुवि (juvi)
जुवाम्¹ (juvām¹) 		जुवोः (juvoḥ) जूषु (jūṣu)
vocative जूः (jūḥ) जुवौ (juvau) जुवः (juvaḥ)
  • ¹Later Sanskrit
  • ²Brāhmaṇas

References

  1. ^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “javi-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, pages 250-1
  2. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) “JAVᴵ”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 580-1

Further reading

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