दास
Hindi
Etymology
Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀤𑀸𑀲 (dāsa), from Sanskrit दास (dāsá).[1]
Pronunciation
- (Delhi) IPA(key): /d̪ɑːs/, [d̪äːs]
Noun
दास • (dās) m (feminine दासी, Urdu spelling داس)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | दास dās |
दास dās |
| oblique | दास dās |
दासों dāsõ |
| vocative | दास dās |
दासो dāso |
References
- ^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “dāsá1”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
- Bahri, Hardev (1989) “दास”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
- Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “दास”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
- Platts, John T. (1884) “दास”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “दास”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
Pali
Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
Noun
दास m
- Devanagari script form of dāsa
Declension
Declension table of "दास" (masculine)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | दासो (dāso) | दासा (dāsā) |
| Accusative (second) | दासं (dāsaṃ) | दासे (dāse) |
| Instrumental (third) | दासेन (dāsena) | दासेहि (dāsehi) or दासेभि (dāsebhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | दासस्स (dāsassa) or दासाय (dāsāya) or दासत्थं (dāsatthaṃ) | दासानं (dāsānaṃ) |
| Ablative (fifth) | दासस्मा (dāsasmā) or दासम्हा (dāsamhā) or दासा (dāsā) | दासेहि (dāsehi) or दासेभि (dāsebhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | दासस्स (dāsassa) | दासानं (dāsānaṃ) |
| Locative (seventh) | दासस्मिं (dāsasmiṃ) or दासम्हि (dāsamhi) or दासे (dāse) | दासेसु (dāsesu) |
| Vocative (calling) | दास (dāsa) | दासा (dāsā) |
Sanskrit
Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
- দাস (Assamese script)
- ᬤᬵᬲ (Balinese script)
- দাস (Bengali script)
- 𑰟𑰯𑰭 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀤𑀸𑀲 (Brahmi script)
- ဒါသ (Burmese script)
- દાસ (Gujarati script)
- ਦਾਸ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌦𑌾𑌸 (Grantha script)
- ꦢꦴꦱ (Javanese script)
- 𑂠𑂰𑂮 (Kaithi script)
- ದಾಸ (Kannada script)
- ទាស (Khmer script)
- ທາສ (Lao script)
- ദാസ (Malayalam script)
- ᡩᠠ᠊ᠠᠰ᠌ᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘟𑘰𑘭 (Modi script)
- ᢑᠠᢗᠰᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦿𑧑𑧍 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐡𑐵𑐳 (Newa script)
- ଦାସ (Odia script)
- ꢣꢵꢱ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆢𑆳𑆱 (Sharada script)
- 𑖟𑖯𑖭 (Siddham script)
- දාස (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩭𑩛𑪁 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚛𑚭𑚨 (Takri script)
- த³ாஸ (Tamil script)
- దాస (Telugu script)
- ทาส (Thai script)
- དཱ་ས (Tibetan script)
- 𑒠𑒰𑒮 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨛𑨊𑨰 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
Related to Proto-Indo-Iranian *dásyuš (“enemy, foreigner, foreign people, foreign land”), from Proto-Indo-European *des- (“enemy, foreigner”).
See also Old Persian 𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎢 (d-h-y-a-u /dahạyau/, “land, country”), Persian ده, Old Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬒𐬌𐬌𐬎 (dax́iiu, “country”), Younger Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬣𐬵𐬎 (daŋ́hu). Ancient Greek δοῦλος (doûlos, “slave”) perhaps belongs in this group as well.[1] Related to दस्यु (dasyu, “barbarian”).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /dɑ́ː.sɐ/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /d̪ɑː.s̪ɐ/
Noun
दास • (dā́sa) stem, m (Ṛgvedic dáasa)
- demon
- barbarian, infidel
- servant
- Shudra
- devotee (of a god)
- 900-1100 AD; copied later, Arlo Griffiths, Kunthea Chhom, “A problematic inscription (K.1237)”, in Udaya: Journal of Khmer Studies[1], volume 14 (PDF), Yosothor, published 2019, halshs-02168837, page 10:
- វិវធ៌យន្តិយេទេវ
ភូមិទាសាំគ្ច*ធាម្ម៌ិកាះ
ស្វគ្គ៌េតេសវ្វ៌ទេវេន
បូជ្យន្តាន្និត្យសំបទះ ៕
* Read គ្ច as ឝ្ច- vivardhayanti ye deva
bhūmidāsāṃś ca dhārmmikāḥ
svargge te sarvvadevena
pūjyantān nityasaṃpadaḥ ॥ - The pious ones who make the god's land and servants prosper, may they be honoured in heaven by all the gods and always be prosperous.
- vivardhayanti ye deva
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | दासः (dā́saḥ) | दासौ (dā́sau) दासा¹ (dā́sā¹) |
दासाः (dā́sāḥ) दासासः¹ (dā́sāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | दासम् (dā́sam) | दासौ (dā́sau) दासा¹ (dā́sā¹) |
दासान् (dā́sān) |
| instrumental | दासेन (dā́sena) | दासाभ्याम् (dā́sābhyām) | दासैः (dā́saiḥ) दासेभिः¹ (dā́sebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | दासाय (dā́sāya) | दासाभ्याम् (dā́sābhyām) | दासेभ्यः (dā́sebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | दासात् (dā́sāt) | दासाभ्याम् (dā́sābhyām) | दासेभ्यः (dā́sebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | दासस्य (dā́sasya) | दासयोः (dā́sayoḥ) | दासानाम् (dā́sānām) |
| locative | दासे (dā́se) | दासयोः (dā́sayoḥ) | दासेषु (dā́seṣu) |
| vocative | दास (dā́sa) | दासौ (dā́sau) दासा¹ (dā́sā¹) |
दासाः (dā́sāḥ) दासासः¹ (dā́sāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Descendants
References
- ^ Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 179