दोष

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit दोष (doṣa).

Pronunciation

  • (Delhi) IPA(key): /d̪oːʂ/, [d̪oːʃ]

Noun

दोष • (doṣ) m (Urdu spelling دوش)

  1. fault
    यह उसका दोष नहीं है। ― yah uskā doṣ nahī̃ hai. ― It is not his fault.
    मेरी माँ ने मेरे काम में दोष निकाला।
    merī mā̃ ne mere kām mẽ doṣ nikālā.
    Mother found fault with my work.
  2. blame
    नौकर ने भूल का दोष स्वीकार किया।
    naukar ne bhūl kā doṣ svīkār kiyā.
    The servant took the blame for the mistake.
  3. defect, flaw
    मोटर में कोई दोष है। ― moṭar mẽ koī doṣ hai. ― There is some defect in the motor.

Declension

Declension of दोष (masc cons-stem)
singular plural
direct दोष
doṣ 		दोष
doṣ
oblique दोष
doṣ 		दोषों
doṣõ
vocative दोष
doṣ 		दोषो
doṣo

Synonyms

References

  • Bahri, Hardev (1989) “दोष”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.

Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit दोष (doṣa). First attested as Old Marathi 𑘟𑘻𑘬 (doṣa), 𑘟𑘻𑘏 (dokha).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /d̪oʂ/
  • Rhymes: -oʂ

Noun

दोष • (doṣ) m

  1. blame
    त्याने न केलेल्या गोष्टीसाठी त्याला दोष देणे योग्य नाही.
    tyāne na kelelyā goṣṭīsāṭhī tyālā doṣ deṇe yogya nāhī.
    It is not fair to blame him for something he didn't do.
  2. fault
    Synonym: चूक (cūk)
    ह्यात माझा काय दोष? ― hyāt mājhā kāy doṣ? ― What is my fault in this?
  3. defect, fault, flaw
    उत्पादनाच्या ताऱ्यांमध्ये दोष आहे.
    utpādnācyā tāryāmmadhye doṣ āhe.
    There is a defect in the wiring of the product.

Declension

Declension of दोष (masc cons-stem)
direct
singular 		दोष
doṣ
direct
plural 		दोष
doṣ
singular
एकवचन 		plural
अनेकवचन
nominative
प्रथमा 		दोष
doṣ 		दोष
doṣ
oblique
सामान्यरूप 		दोषा
doṣā 		दोषां-
doṣān-
acc. / dative
द्वितीया / चतुर्थी 		दोषाला
doṣālā 		दोषांना
doṣānnā
ergative दोषाने, दोषानं
doṣāne, doṣāna 		दोषांनी
doṣānnī
instrumental दोषाशी
doṣāśī 		दोषांशी
doṣānśī
locative
सप्तमी 		दोषात
doṣāt 		दोषांत
doṣāt
vocative
संबोधन 		दोषा
doṣā 		दोषांनो
doṣānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions.
There is no space between the stem and the postposition.
Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.
Genitive declension of दोष (masc cons-stem)
masculine object
पुल्लिंगी कर्म 		feminine object
स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म 		neuter object
नपुसकलिंगी कर्म 		oblique
सामान्यरूप
singular
एकवचन 		plural
अनेकवचन 		singular
एकवचन 		plural
अनेकवचन 		singular*
एकवचन 		plural
अनेकवचन
singular subject
एकवचनी कर्ता 		दोषाचा
doṣāċā 		दोषाचे
doṣāċe 		दोषाची
doṣācī 		दोषाच्या
doṣācā 		दोषाचे, दोषाचं
doṣāċe, doṣāċa 		दोषाची
doṣācī 		दोषाच्या
doṣācā
plural subject
अनेकवचनी कर्ता 		दोषांचा
doṣānċā 		दोषांचे
doṣānċe 		दोषांची
doṣāñcī 		दोषांच्या
doṣāncā 		दोषांचे, दोषांचं
doṣānċe, doṣānċa 		दोषांची
doṣāñcī 		दोषांच्या
doṣāñcā
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a).
Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Derived terms

  • दोष देणे (doṣ deṇe, “to blame”)
  • दोषवारण (doṣvāraṇ, “averting blame”)
  • दोषारोप (doṣārop, “blaming”)
  • दोषी (doṣī, “guilty”)

See also

  • उणीव (uṇīv, “deficiency”)
  • विकृती (vikrutī, “ abnormality”)
  • व्यंग (vyaṅga, “ physical defect”)

References

  • Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “दोष”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
  • Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “दोष”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
  • Shankar Gopal Tulpule, Anne Feldhaus (1999) “दोष”, in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts
  • দোষ (Assamese script)
  • ᬤᭀᬱ (Balinese script)
  • দোষ (Bengali script)
  • 𑰟𑰺𑰬 (Bhaiksuki script)
  • 𑀤𑁄𑀱 (Brahmi script)
  • ဒေါၑ (Burmese script)
  • દોષ (Gujarati script)
  • ਦੋਸ਼ (Gurmukhi script)
  • 𑌦𑍋𑌷 (Grantha script)
  • ꦢꦺꦴꦰ (Javanese script)
  • 𑂠𑂷𑂭 (Kaithi script)
  • ದೋಷ (Kannada script)
  • ទោឞ (Khmer script)
  • ໂທຩ (Lao script)
  • ദോഷ (Malayalam script)
  • ᡩᠣᢢᠠ (Manchu script)
  • 𑘟𑘻𑘬 (Modi script)
  • ᢑᠣᠸᠠᢔᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
  • 𑦿𑧜𑧌 (Nandinagari script)
  • 𑐡𑑀𑐲 (Newa script)
  • ଦୋଷ (Odia script)
  • ꢣꣂꢰ (Saurashtra script)
  • 𑆢𑆾𑆰 (Sharada script)
  • 𑖟𑖺𑖬 (Siddham script)
  • දොෂ (Sinhalese script)
  • 𑩭𑩕𑪀 (Soyombo script)
  • 𑚛𑚴 (Takri script)
  • தே³ாஷ (Tamil script)
  • దోష (Telugu script)
  • โทษ (Thai script)
  • དོ་ཥ (Tibetan script)
  • 𑒠𑒼𑒭 (Tirhuta script)
  • 𑨛𑨆𑨯 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *dáwṣas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dáwšas, from Proto-Indo-European *dews- (“to miss, lack, fail, lag, be behind”). Cognate with English tire and Ancient Greek δεύομαι (deúomai, “to lack”).[1][2]

Pronunciation

Noun

दोष • (dóṣa) stem, m

  1. fault, deficiency
  2. vice
  3. blame
  4. damage
  5. mistake

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of दोष
singular dual plural
nominative दोषः (dóṣaḥ) दोषौ (dóṣau)
दोषा¹ (dóṣā¹) 		दोषाः (dóṣāḥ)
दोषासः¹ (dóṣāsaḥ¹)
accusative दोषम् (dóṣam) दोषौ (dóṣau)
दोषा¹ (dóṣā¹) 		दोषान् (dóṣān)
instrumental दोषेण (dóṣeṇa) दोषाभ्याम् (dóṣābhyām) दोषैः (dóṣaiḥ)
दोषेभिः¹ (dóṣebhiḥ¹)
dative दोषाय (dóṣāya) दोषाभ्याम् (dóṣābhyām) दोषेभ्यः (dóṣebhyaḥ)
ablative दोषात् (dóṣāt) दोषाभ्याम् (dóṣābhyām) दोषेभ्यः (dóṣebhyaḥ)
genitive दोषस्य (dóṣasya) दोषयोः (dóṣayoḥ) दोषाणाम् (dóṣāṇām)
locative दोषे (dóṣe) दोषयोः (dóṣayoḥ) दोषेषु (dóṣeṣu)
vocative दोष (dóṣa) दोषौ (dóṣau)
दोषा¹ (dóṣā¹) 		दोषाः (dóṣāḥ)
दोषासः¹ (dóṣāsaḥ¹)
  • ¹Vedic

Descendants

  • Pali: dosa
  • Punjabi: ਦੋਖ (dokh)
  • Marwari: दोस (dos)
  • Romani: doś
  • → Hindi: दोष (doṣ)
  • → Kannada: ದೋಷ (dōṣa)
  • → Lao: ໂທດ (thōt)
  • → Malay: dosa
  • → Old Marathi: 𑘟𑘻𑘬 (doṣa)
  • → Punjabi: ਦੋਸ਼ (doś) (learned)
  • → Thai: โทษ (tôot)
  • → Tamil: தோஷம் (tōṣam), தோம் (tōm)
  • → Telugu: దోషము (dōṣamu)
  • → Urdu: دوش (doś)

References

  1. ^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “dos·”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, page 179
  2. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) “DOṢ”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 749

Further reading

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