द्रोह

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit द्रोह (dróha).

Noun

द्रोह • (droh) m (Urdu spelling دروہ)

malice, malevolence (intent to harm)

Declension

Declension of *द्रोह* (masc cons-stem)
	singular	plural
direct	द्रोह droh	द्रोह droh
oblique	द्रोह droh	द्रोहों drohõ
vocative	द्रोह droh	द्रोहो droho

Derived terms

देशद्रोह (deśadroh)
द्रोहचिंतन (drohcintan)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

দ্ৰোহ (Assamese script)
ᬤ᭄ᬭᭀᬳ (Balinese script)
দ্রোহ (Bengali script)
𑰟𑰿𑰨𑰺𑰮 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀤𑁆𑀭𑁄𑀳 (Brahmi script)
ဒြောဟ (Burmese script)
દ્રોહ (Gujarati script)
ਦ੍ਰੋਹ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌦𑍍𑌰𑍋𑌹 (Grantha script)
ꦢꦿꦺꦴꦲ (Javanese script)
𑂠𑂹𑂩𑂷𑂯 (Kaithi script)
ದ್ರೋಹ (Kannada script)
ទ្រោហ (Khmer script)
ທ຺ໂຣຫ (Lao script)
ദ്രോഹ (Malayalam script)
ᡩᡵᠣᡥᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘟𑘿𑘨𑘻𑘮 (Modi script)
ᢑᠷᠣᠸᠠᠾᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑦿𑧠𑧈𑧜𑧎 (Nandinagari script)
𑐡𑑂𑐬𑑀𑐴 (Newa script)
ଦ୍ରୋହ (Odia script)
ꢣ꣄ꢬꣂꢲ (Saurashtra script)
𑆢𑇀𑆫𑆾𑆲 (Sharada script)
𑖟𑖿𑖨𑖺𑖮 (Siddham script)
ද්‍රොහ (Sinhalese script)
𑩭 𑪙𑩼𑩕𑪂 (Soyombo script)
𑚛𑚶𑚤𑚴𑚩 (Takri script)
த்³ரோஹ (Tamil script)
ద్రోహ (Telugu script)
ทฺโรห (Thai script)
དྲོ་ཧ (Tibetan script)
𑒠𑓂𑒩𑒼𑒯 (Tirhuta script)
𑨛𑩇𑨫𑨆𑨱 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰráwgʰas (“lie, deceit”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrówgʰos (“lie”). Cognate with Old Persian 𐎭𐎼𐎢𐎥 (d-r-u-g /⁠drauga⁠/), Old Norse draugr. Also related to द्रुह् (druh) and द्रोघ (drogha).

Noun

द्रोह • (droha) stem, m

injury, mischief, harm, perfidy, treachery, wrong, offence
- c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Manusmṛti
- c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata
- c. 500 BCE – 100 BCE, Rāmāyaṇa

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of द्रोह
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	द्रोहः (drohaḥ)	द्रोहौ (drohau) द्रोहा¹ (drohā¹)	द्रोहाः (drohāḥ) द्रोहासः¹ (drohāsaḥ¹)
accusative	द्रोहम् (droham)	द्रोहौ (drohau) द्रोहा¹ (drohā¹)	द्रोहान् (drohān)
instrumental	द्रोहेण (droheṇa)	द्रोहाभ्याम् (drohābhyām)	द्रोहैः (drohaiḥ) द्रोहेभिः¹ (drohebhiḥ¹)
dative	द्रोहाय (drohāya)	द्रोहाभ्याम् (drohābhyām)	द्रोहेभ्यः (drohebhyaḥ)
ablative	द्रोहात् (drohāt)	द्रोहाभ्याम् (drohābhyām)	द्रोहेभ्यः (drohebhyaḥ)
genitive	द्रोहस्य (drohasya)	द्रोहयोः (drohayoḥ)	द्रोहाणाम् (drohāṇām)
locative	द्रोहे (drohe)	द्रोहयोः (drohayoḥ)	द्रोहेषु (droheṣu)
vocative	द्रोह (droha)	द्रोहौ (drohau) द्रोहा¹ (drohā¹)	द्रोहाः (drohāḥ) द्रोहासः¹ (drohāsaḥ¹)

¹Vedic

Descendants

Pali: doha
→ Kannada: ದ್ರೋಹ (drōha)
→ Malayalam: ദ്രോഹം (drōhaṁ)
→ Old Javanese: drohaka
→ Old Malay: [script needed] (drohaka)
- Classical Malay: درهاک (derhaka, durhaka)
  - Malay: derhaka, durhaka
    - Indonesian: durhaka
→ Tamil: துரோகம் (turōkam)
→ Telugu: ద్రోహము (drōhamu)

Further reading

Monier Williams (1899) “द्रोह”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 502, column 3.