द्रुह्
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- দ্ৰুহ্ (Assamese script)
- ᬤ᭄ᬭᬸᬳ᭄ (Balinese script)
- দ্রুহ্ (Bengali script)
- 𑰟𑰿𑰨𑰲𑰮𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀤𑁆𑀭𑀼𑀳𑁆 (Brahmi script)
- ဒြုဟ် (Burmese script)
- દ્રુહ્ (Gujarati script)
- ਦ੍ਰੁਹ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌦𑍍𑌰𑍁𑌹𑍍 (Grantha script)
- ꦢꦿꦸꦲ꧀ (Javanese script)
- 𑂠𑂹𑂩𑂳𑂯𑂹 (Kaithi script)
- ದ್ರುಹ್ (Kannada script)
- ទ្រុហ៑ (Khmer script)
- ທ຺ຣຸຫ຺ (Lao script)
- ദ്രുഹ് (Malayalam script)
- ᡩᡵᡠᡥ (Manchu script)
- 𑘟𑘿𑘨𑘳𑘮𑘿 (Modi script)
- ᢑᠷᠤᠾ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦿𑧠𑧈𑧔𑧎𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐡𑑂𑐬𑐸𑐴𑑂 (Newa script)
- ଦ୍ରୁହ୍ (Odia script)
- ꢣ꣄ꢬꢸꢲ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆢𑇀𑆫𑆶𑆲𑇀 (Sharada script)
- 𑖟𑖿𑖨𑖲𑖮𑖿 (Siddham script)
- ද්රුහ් (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩭 𑪙𑩼𑩒𑪂 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚛𑚶𑚤𑚰𑚩𑚶 (Takri script)
- த்³ருஹ் (Tamil script)
- ద్రుహ్ (Telugu script)
- ทฺรุหฺ (Thai script)
- དྲུ་ཧ྄ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒠𑓂𑒩𑒳𑒯𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨛𑩇𑨫𑨃𑨱𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /dɾúɦ/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /d̪ɾuɦ/
Etymology 1
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰrúkš ~ *dʰrúǰʰás (“deceit, offence”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰréwgʰ-s ~ *dʰrugʰ-és, from *dʰrewgʰ- (“to deceive, mislead”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬘 (druj, “lie”).
Noun
द्रुह् • (drúh) stem, f
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ध्रुक् (dhrúk) | द्रुहौ (drúhau) द्रुहा¹ (drúhā¹) |
द्रुहः (drúhaḥ) |
| accusative | द्रुहम् (drúham) | द्रुहौ (drúhau) द्रुहा¹ (drúhā¹) |
द्रुहः (drúhaḥ) |
| instrumental | द्रुहा (druhā́) | ध्रुग्भ्याम् (dhrugbhyā́m) | ध्रुग्भिः (dhrugbhíḥ) |
| dative | द्रुहे (druhé) | ध्रुग्भ्याम् (dhrugbhyā́m) | ध्रुग्भ्यः (dhrugbhyáḥ) |
| ablative | द्रुहः (druháḥ) | ध्रुग्भ्याम् (dhrugbhyā́m) | ध्रुग्भ्यः (dhrugbhyáḥ) |
| genitive | द्रुहः (druháḥ) | द्रुहोः (druhóḥ) | द्रुहाम् (druhā́m) |
| locative | द्रुहि (druhí) | द्रुहोः (druhóḥ) | ध्रुक्षु (dhrukṣú) |
| vocative | ध्रुक् (dhrúk) | द्रुहौ (drúhau) द्रुहा¹ (drúhā¹) |
द्रुहः (drúhaḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
Etymology 2
From Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ- (“to deceive, mislead”). Cognate with German trügen.
Root
द्रुह् • (druh)
Derived terms
Sanskrit terms belonging to the root द्रुह् (0 c, 5 e)
Terms derived from the Sanskrit root द्रुह् (3 c, 0 e)
- Primary Verbal Forms
- द्रुह्यति (drúhyati) (Present)
- ध्रोक्ष्यति (dhrokṣyáti) (Future)
- द्रोग्धा (drogdhā́) (Periphrastic Future)
- अद्रुक्षत् (ádrukṣat) (Aorist)
- अद्रुग्ध (ádrugdha) (Aorist)
- अद्रुहत् (ádruhat) (Aorist)
- द्रुह्यात् (druhyāt) (Benedictive)
- दुद्रोह (dudróha) (Perfect)
- Secondary Forms
- अद्रोहि (ádrohi) (Passive Aorist)
- द्रोहयति (droháyati) (Causative)
- अदुद्रुहत् (ádudruhat) (Causative Aorist)
- दुध्रुक्षति (dudhrukṣati) (Desiderative)
- दोद्रुह्यते (dodruhyate) (Intensive)
- Non-Finite Forms
- द्रुग्ध (drugdhá) (Past Participle)
- द्रोग्धवै (drogdhavai) (Infinitive)
- द्रुग्ध्वा (drugdhvā́) (Gerund)
- द्रुह्य (drúhya) (Gerund)
- द्रोग्धव्य (drogdhavyà) (Gerundive)
- दुध्रुक्षु (dudhrukṣu) (Desiderative Participle)
- Derived Nominal Forms
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “द्रुह्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 502, column 2.
- William Dwight Whitney (1885) The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 80
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) “DROGH”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 760