पिशाच
Hindi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit पिशाच (piśāca).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi) IPA(key): /pɪ.ʃɑːt͡ʃ/, [pɪ.ʃäːt͡ʃ]
Noun
पिशाच • (piśāc) m (Urdu spelling پشاچ) (rare, formal)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | पिशाच piśāc |
पिशाच piśāc |
| oblique | पिशाच piśāc |
पिशाचों piśācõ |
| vocative | पिशाच piśāc |
पिशाचो piśāco |
References
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “पिशाच”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- পিশাচ (Assamese script)
- ᬧᬶᬰᬵᬘ (Balinese script)
- পিশাচ (Bengali script)
- 𑰢𑰰𑰫𑰯𑰓 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀧𑀺𑀰𑀸𑀘 (Brahmi script)
- ပိၐာစ (Burmese script)
- પિશાચ (Gujarati script)
- ਪਿਸ਼ਾਚ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌪𑌿𑌶𑌾𑌚 (Grantha script)
- ꦥꦶꦯꦴꦕ (Javanese script)
- 𑂣𑂱𑂬𑂰𑂒 (Kaithi script)
- ಪಿಶಾಚ (Kannada script)
- បិឝាច (Khmer script)
- ປິຨາຈ (Lao script)
- പിശാച (Malayalam script)
- ᢒᡳᡧᠠ᠊ᠠᢜᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘢𑘱𑘫𑘰𑘓 (Modi script)
- ᢒᠢᠱᠠᢗᢋᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧂𑧒𑧋𑧑𑦳 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐥𑐶𑐱𑐵𑐔 (Newa script)
- ପିଶାଚ (Odia script)
- ꢦꢶꢯꢵꢗ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆥𑆴𑆯𑆳𑆖 (Sharada script)
- 𑖢𑖰𑖫𑖯𑖓 (Siddham script)
- පිශාච (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩰𑩑𑩿𑩛𑩡 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚞𑚮𑚧𑚭𑚏 (Takri script)
- பிஶாச (Tamil script)
- పిశాచ (Telugu script)
- ปิศาจ (Thai script)
- པི་ཤཱ་ཙ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒣𑒱𑒬𑒰𑒔 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨞𑨁𑨮𑨊𑨣 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
Of disputed origin, though most theories take the first syllable as deriving from the root पिश् (piś, “to carve, prepare meat; to fashion, decorate”),:[1]
- One theory derives the word from the root पिश् (piś), either because of the demons' fondness for meat (if taking "carve meat" as the invoked sense),[2] or because of the fiery, will o' the wisp-like coloring of the demons (if taking "decorate" as the invoked sense).
- Another theory links the word to पिशुन (piśuna, “backbiting, treacherous”), which may be either from पिश् (piś) (as above) or from Proto-Indo-European *peyḱ- (“hostile”).
- Alternatively, from a univerbation of an unattested *पिश-अश (*piśa-aśa, “flesh-eating”), from पिश् (piś) (as above) and अश् (aś, “to eat, consume”), respectively.
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /pi.ɕɑː.t͡ɕɐ́/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /pi.ɕɑː.t͡ɕɐ/
Noun
पिशाच • (piśācá) stem, m
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | पिशाचः (piśācáḥ) | पिशाचौ (piśācaú) पिशाचा¹ (piśācā́¹) |
पिशाचाः (piśācā́ḥ) पिशाचासः¹ (piśācā́saḥ¹) |
| accusative | पिशाचम् (piśācám) | पिशाचौ (piśācaú) पिशाचा¹ (piśācā́¹) |
पिशाचान् (piśācā́n) |
| instrumental | पिशाचेन (piśācéna) | पिशाचाभ्याम् (piśācā́bhyām) | पिशाचैः (piśācaíḥ) पिशाचेभिः¹ (piśācébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | पिशाचाय (piśācā́ya) | पिशाचाभ्याम् (piśācā́bhyām) | पिशाचेभ्यः (piśācébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | पिशाचात् (piśācā́t) | पिशाचाभ्याम् (piśācā́bhyām) | पिशाचेभ्यः (piśācébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | पिशाचस्य (piśācásya) | पिशाचयोः (piśācáyoḥ) | पिशाचानाम् (piśācā́nām) |
| locative | पिशाचे (piśācé) | पिशाचयोः (piśācáyoḥ) | पिशाचेषु (piśācéṣu) |
| vocative | पिशाच (píśāca) | पिशाचौ (píśācau) पिशाचा¹ (píśācā¹) |
पिशाचाः (píśācāḥ) पिशाचासः¹ (píśācāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Descendants
- Pali: pisāca[3]
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀧𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀅 (pisāa)
- → Hindi: पिशाच (piśāc)
- → Punjabi: ਪਿਸ਼ਾਚ (piśāc)
- → Tamil: பிசாசு (picācu)
References
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “piśācá-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 135
- ^ Monier Williams (1899) “पिशाच”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 628, column 2.
- ^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “piśācá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press