फण
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ফণ (Assamese script)
- ᬨᬡ (Balinese script)
- ফণ (Bengali script)
- 𑰣𑰜 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀨𑀡 (Brahmi script)
- ဖဏ (Burmese script)
- ફણ (Gujarati script)
- ਫਣ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌫𑌣 (Grantha script)
- ꦦꦟ (Javanese script)
- 𑂤𑂝 (Kaithi script)
- ಫಣ (Kannada script)
- ផណ (Khmer script)
- ຜຓ (Lao script)
- ഫണ (Malayalam script)
- ᡦᠠᢏᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘣𑘜 (Modi script)
- ᠹᠠᢏᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧃𑦼 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐦𑐞 (Newa script)
- ଫଣ (Odia script)
- ꢧꢠ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆦𑆟 (Sharada script)
- 𑖣𑖜 (Siddham script)
- ඵණ (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩱𑩪 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚟𑚘 (Takri script)
- ப²ண (Tamil script)
- ఫణ (Telugu script)
- ผณ (Thai script)
- ཕ་ཎ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒤𑒝 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨟𑨘 (Zanabazar Square script)
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /pʰɐ.ɳɐ/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /pʰɐ.ɳɐ/
Etymology 1
Compare फट (phaṭa), फलक (phalaka, “board, blade, slab”).[1]
Noun
फण • (phaṇa) stem, m
- (anatomy) nostril
- the expanded hood or neck of a serpent
- c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata 12.115.14:
- परिवादं ब्रुवाणो हि दुरात्मा वै महात्मने ।
प्रकाशयति दोषान् स्वान् सर्पः फणम् इवोच्छ्रितम् ॥- parivādaṃ bruvāṇo hi durātmā vai mahātmane.
prakāśayati doṣān svān sarpaḥ phaṇam ivocchritam. - A bad person slandering a noble person brings to light his own faults, just like a snake raising it's hood.
- parivādaṃ bruvāṇo hi durātmā vai mahātmane.
- परिवादं ब्रुवाणो हि दुरात्मा वै महात्मने ।
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | फणः (phaṇaḥ) | फणौ (phaṇau) फणा¹ (phaṇā¹) |
फणाः (phaṇāḥ) फणासः¹ (phaṇāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | फणम् (phaṇam) | फणौ (phaṇau) फणा¹ (phaṇā¹) |
फणान् (phaṇān) |
| instrumental | फणेन (phaṇena) | फणाभ्याम् (phaṇābhyām) | फणैः (phaṇaiḥ) फणेभिः¹ (phaṇebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | फणाय (phaṇāya) | फणाभ्याम् (phaṇābhyām) | फणेभ्यः (phaṇebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | फणात् (phaṇāt) | फणाभ्याम् (phaṇābhyām) | फणेभ्यः (phaṇebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | फणस्य (phaṇasya) | फणयोः (phaṇayoḥ) | फणानाम् (phaṇānām) |
| locative | फणे (phaṇe) | फणयोः (phaṇayoḥ) | फणेषु (phaṇeṣu) |
| vocative | फण (phaṇa) | फणौ (phaṇau) फणा¹ (phaṇā¹) |
फणाः (phaṇāḥ) फणासः¹ (phaṇāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Alternative forms
- फट (phaṭa)
Derived terms
- फणधर (phaṇadhara)
- फणवत् (phaṇavat)
- फणिन् (phaṇin)
Descendants
- Pali: phaṇa
- Prakrit: 𑀨𑀡 (phaṇa)
Etymology 2
From the root फण् (phaṇ, “to skim”).[2]
Noun
फण • (phaṇá) stem, m
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | फणः (phaṇáḥ) | फणौ (phaṇaú) फणा¹ (phaṇā́¹) |
फणाः (phaṇā́ḥ) फणासः¹ (phaṇā́saḥ¹) |
| accusative | फणम् (phaṇám) | फणौ (phaṇaú) फणा¹ (phaṇā́¹) |
फणान् (phaṇā́n) |
| instrumental | फणेन (phaṇéna) | फणाभ्याम् (phaṇā́bhyām) | फणैः (phaṇaíḥ) फणेभिः¹ (phaṇébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | फणाय (phaṇā́ya) | फणाभ्याम् (phaṇā́bhyām) | फणेभ्यः (phaṇébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | फणात् (phaṇā́t) | फणाभ्याम् (phaṇā́bhyām) | फणेभ्यः (phaṇébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | फणस्य (phaṇásya) | फणयोः (phaṇáyoḥ) | फणानाम् (phaṇā́nām) |
| locative | फणे (phaṇé) | फणयोः (phaṇáyoḥ) | फणेषु (phaṇéṣu) |
| vocative | फण (pháṇa) | फणौ (pháṇau) फणा¹ (pháṇā¹) |
फणाः (pháṇāḥ) फणासः¹ (pháṇāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
References
- ^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “phaṇa¹”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 508
- ^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “phaṇá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 510
Further reading
- Monier Williams (1899) “फण”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 716, column 1.
- Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2025) “phaṇa”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
- Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “फण”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan, page 1144
- Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “फण”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 190