ब्रह्मन्
Pali
Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
Proper noun
ब्रह्मन् m
- Devanagari script form of brahman (“Brahma”)
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ব্ৰহ্মন্ (Assamese script)
- ᬩ᭄ᬭᬳ᭄ᬫᬦ᭄ (Balinese script)
- ব্রহ্মন্ (Bengali script)
- 𑰤𑰿𑰨𑰮𑰿𑰦𑰡𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀩𑁆𑀭𑀳𑁆𑀫𑀦𑁆 (Brahmi script)
- ဗြဟ္မန် (Burmese script)
- બ્રહ્મન્ (Gujarati script)
- ਬ੍ਰਹ੍ਮਨ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌬𑍍𑌰𑌹𑍍𑌮𑌨𑍍 (Grantha script)
- ꦧꦿꦲ꧀ꦩꦤ꧀ (Javanese script)
- 𑂥𑂹𑂩𑂯𑂹𑂧𑂢𑂹 (Kaithi script)
- ಬ್ರಹ್ಮೝ (Kannada script)
- ព្រហ្មន៑ (Khmer script)
- ພ຺ຣຫ຺ມນ຺ (Lao script)
- ബ്രഹ്മന് (Malayalam script)
- ᠪᡵᠠᡥᠮᠠᠨ (Manchu script)
- 𑘤𑘿𑘨𑘮𑘿𑘦𑘡𑘿 (Modi script)
- ᠪᠷᠠᠾᠮᠠᠨ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧄𑧠𑧈𑧎𑧠𑧆𑧁𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐧𑑂𑐬𑐴𑑂𑐩𑐣𑑂 (Newa script)
- ବ୍ରହ୍ମନ୍ (Odia script)
- ꢨ꣄ꢬꢲ꣄ꢪꢥ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆧𑇀𑆫𑆲𑇀𑆩𑆤𑇀 (Sharada script)
- 𑖤𑖿𑖨𑖮𑖿𑖦𑖡𑖿 (Siddham script)
- බ්රහ්මන් (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩲 𑪙𑩼𑪂 𑪙𑩴𑩯 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚠𑚶𑚤𑚩𑚶𑚢𑚝𑚶 (Takri script)
- ப்³ரஹ்மந் (Tamil script)
- బ్రహ్మౝ (Telugu script)
- พฺรหฺมนฺ (Thai script)
- བྲ་ཧྨ་ན྄ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒥𑓂𑒩𑒯𑓂𑒧𑒢𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨠𑩇𑨫𑨱𑩇𑨢𑨝𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *bʰráźʰ-ma, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰráȷ́ʰ-ma, from a Schwebeablaut form of Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ- (“to become high, rise, elevate”) + *-mn̥. Literally “growth”, “expansion”, “creation”, “development”, “swelling of the spirit or soul”. Cognate with Latin fortis. The Sanskrit root is बृह् (bṛh, “to increase”) + -मन् (-man), from the same Proto-Indo-European root above.
Alternatively, Mayrhofer prefers to derive the word from Proto-Indo-European *bʰreǵʰ- and connect it to Old Norse bragr (“poetry”), whence Icelandic bragur (“poem; character”).
An older etymology presented the word as an exact cognate of Latin flāmen (“priest”); however, this is commonly considered spurious by modern authors.
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /bɾɐ́ɦ.mɐn/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /bɾɐɦ.mɐn̪/
Proper noun
ब्रह्मन् • (bráhman) stem, n
- Brahman or the one self-existent impersonal Spirit, the one universal Soul, the Self-existent, the Absolute, the Eternal
Declension
| singular | |
|---|---|
| nominative | ब्रह्म (bráhma) |
| accusative | ब्रह्म (bráhma) |
| instrumental | ब्रह्मणा (bráhmaṇā) |
| dative | ब्रह्मणे (bráhmaṇe) |
| ablative | ब्रह्मणः (bráhmaṇaḥ) |
| genitive | ब्रह्मणः (bráhmaṇaḥ) |
| locative | ब्रह्मणि (bráhmaṇi) ब्रह्मन्¹ (bráhman¹) |
| vocative | ब्रह्मन् (bráhman) ब्रह्म (bráhma) |
- ¹Vedic
Proper noun
ब्रह्मन् • (brahman) stem, m
- Brahmā or the one impersonal universal Spirit manifested as a personal Creator and as the first of the triad of personal gods
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ब्रह्मा (brahmā) | ब्रह्माणौ (brahmāṇau) | ब्रह्माणः (brahmāṇaḥ) |
| accusative | ब्रह्माणम् (brahmāṇam) | ब्रह्माणौ (brahmāṇau) | ब्रह्मणः (brahmaṇaḥ) |
| instrumental | ब्रह्मणा (brahmaṇā) | ब्रह्मभ्याम् (brahmabhyām) | ब्रह्मभिः (brahmabhiḥ) |
| dative | ब्रह्मणे (brahmaṇe) | ब्रह्मभ्याम् (brahmabhyām) | ब्रह्मभ्यः (brahmabhyaḥ) |
| ablative | ब्रह्मणः (brahmaṇaḥ) | ब्रह्मभ्याम् (brahmabhyām) | ब्रह्मभ्यः (brahmabhyaḥ) |
| genitive | ब्रह्मणः (brahmaṇaḥ) | ब्रह्मणोः (brahmaṇoḥ) | ब्रह्मणाम् (brahmaṇām) |
| locative | ब्रह्मणि (brahmaṇi) | ब्रह्मणोः (brahmaṇoḥ) | ब्रह्मसु (brahmasu) |
| vocative | ब्रह्मन् (brahman) | ब्रह्माणौ (brahmāṇau) | ब्रह्माणः (brahmāṇaḥ) |
Derived terms
- ब्रह्मदारु (brahmadāru)
- ब्रह्मादेश (brahmādeśa)
- ब्रह्मपुत्र (brahmaputra)
- ब्रह्मराक्षस (brahmarākṣasa)
Noun
ब्रह्मन् • (bráhman) stem, n
- pious effusion or utterance, outpouring of the heart in worshipping the gods, prayer
- the sacred word (as opp. to वाच् (vāc), the word of man), the Veda, a sacred text, a text or mantra used as a spell
- the Brahmana portion of the Veda
- the sacred syllable om
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ब्रह्म (bráhma) | ब्रह्मणी (bráhmaṇī) | ब्रह्माणि (bráhmāṇi) ब्रह्म¹ (bráhma¹) ब्रह्मा¹ (bráhmā¹) |
| accusative | ब्रह्म (bráhma) | ब्रह्मणी (bráhmaṇī) | ब्रह्माणि (bráhmāṇi) ब्रह्म¹ (bráhma¹) ब्रह्मा¹ (bráhmā¹) |
| instrumental | ब्रह्मणा (bráhmaṇā) | ब्रह्मभ्याम् (bráhmabhyām) | ब्रह्मभिः (bráhmabhiḥ) |
| dative | ब्रह्मणे (bráhmaṇe) | ब्रह्मभ्याम् (bráhmabhyām) | ब्रह्मभ्यः (bráhmabhyaḥ) |
| ablative | ब्रह्मणः (bráhmaṇaḥ) | ब्रह्मभ्याम् (bráhmabhyām) | ब्रह्मभ्यः (bráhmabhyaḥ) |
| genitive | ब्रह्मणः (bráhmaṇaḥ) | ब्रह्मणोः (bráhmaṇoḥ) | ब्रह्मणाम् (bráhmaṇām) |
| locative | ब्रह्मणि (bráhmaṇi) ब्रह्मन्¹ (bráhman¹) |
ब्रह्मणोः (bráhmaṇoḥ) | ब्रह्मसु (bráhmasu) |
| vocative | ब्रह्मन् (bráhman) ब्रह्म (bráhma) |
ब्रह्मणी (bráhmaṇī) | ब्रह्माणि (bráhmāṇi) ब्रह्म¹ (bráhma¹) ब्रह्मा¹ (bráhmā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Noun
ब्रह्मन् • (brahmán) stem, m
- one who prays, a devout or religious man, a brahmin who is a knower of Vedic texts or spells, one versed in sacred knowledge
- one of the 4 principal priests or Ritvijas
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ब्रह्मा (brahmā́) | ब्रह्माणौ (brahmā́ṇau) ब्रह्माणा¹ (brahmā́ṇā¹) |
ब्रह्माणः (brahmā́ṇaḥ) |
| accusative | ब्रह्माणम् (brahmā́ṇam) | ब्रह्माणौ (brahmā́ṇau) ब्रह्माणा¹ (brahmā́ṇā¹) |
ब्रह्मणः (brahmáṇaḥ) |
| instrumental | ब्रह्मणा (brahmáṇā) | ब्रह्मभ्याम् (brahmábhyām) | ब्रह्मभिः (brahmábhiḥ) |
| dative | ब्रह्मणे (brahmáṇe) | ब्रह्मभ्याम् (brahmábhyām) | ब्रह्मभ्यः (brahmábhyaḥ) |
| ablative | ब्रह्मणः (brahmáṇaḥ) | ब्रह्मभ्याम् (brahmábhyām) | ब्रह्मभ्यः (brahmábhyaḥ) |
| genitive | ब्रह्मणः (brahmáṇaḥ) | ब्रह्मणोः (brahmáṇoḥ) | ब्रह्मणाम् (brahmáṇām) |
| locative | ब्रह्मणि (brahmáṇi) ब्रह्मन्¹ (brahmán¹) |
ब्रह्मणोः (brahmáṇoḥ) | ब्रह्मसु (brahmásu) |
| vocative | ब्रह्मन् (bráhman) | ब्रह्माणौ (bráhmāṇau) ब्रह्माणा¹ (bráhmāṇā¹) |
ब्रह्माणः (bráhmāṇaḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
Descendants
- → Tamil: பிரமன் (piramaṉ)
- → Kannada: ಬೊಮ್ಮ (bomma)
See also
- ब्राह्मण (brā́hmaṇa)
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “ब्रह्मन्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 737/3.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 236-238
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1963) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary][2] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 452-456