मृत्तिका

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

মৃত্তিকা (Assamese script)
ᬫᬺᬢ᭄ᬢᬶᬓᬵ (Balinese script)
মৃত্তিকা (Bengali script)
𑰦𑰴𑰝𑰿𑰝𑰰𑰎𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀫𑀾𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀓𑀸 (Brahmi script)
မၖတ္တိကာ (Burmese script)
મૃત્તિકા (Gujarati script)
ਮ੍ਰਤ੍ਤਿਕਾ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌮𑍃𑌤𑍍𑌤𑌿𑌕𑌾 (Grantha script)
ꦩꦽꦠ꧀ꦠꦶꦏꦴ (Javanese script)
𑂧𑃂𑂞𑂹𑂞𑂱𑂍𑂰 (Kaithi script)
ಮೃತ್ತಿಕಾ (Kannada script)
ម្ឫត្តិកា (Khmer script)
ມ຺ຣິຕ຺ຕິກາ (Lao script)
മൃത്തികാ (Malayalam script)
ᠮᡵᡳᢠᢠᡳᡬᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
𑘦𑘵𑘝𑘿𑘝𑘱𑘎𑘰 (Modi script)
ᠮᠷᠢᢐᢐᠢᢉᠠ᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
𑧆𑧖𑦽𑧠𑦽𑧒𑦮𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
𑐩𑐺𑐟𑑂𑐟𑐶𑐎𑐵 (Newa script)
ମୃତ୍ତିକା (Odia script)
ꢪꢺꢡ꣄ꢡꢶꢒꢵ (Saurashtra script)
𑆩𑆸𑆠𑇀𑆠𑆴𑆑𑆳 (Sharada script)
𑖦𑖴𑖝𑖿𑖝𑖰𑖎𑖯 (Siddham script)
මෘත‍්තිකා (Sinhalese script)
𑩴𑩙𑩫 𑪙𑩫𑩑𑩜𑩛 (Soyombo script)
𑚢𑚙𑚶𑚙𑚮𑚊𑚭 (Takri script)
ம்ரித்திகா (Tamil script)
మృత్తికా (Telugu script)
มฺฤตฺติกา (Thai script)
མྲྀ་ཏྟི་ཀཱ (Tibetan script)
𑒧𑒵𑒞𑓂𑒞𑒱𑒏𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
𑨢𑨼𑨉𑨙𑩇𑨙𑨁𑨋𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From मृत् (mṛt), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *mŕ̥ts, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mŕ̥ts, from Proto-Indo-European *mĺ̥dʰ-s. Cognate with Ancient Greek μάλθη (málthē), Old English molde (whence English mold).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /mr̩t.ti.kɑː/, [mr̩t̚.ti.kɑː]
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /mr̩t̪.t̪i.kɑː/, [mr̩t̪̚.t̪i.kɑː]

Noun

मृत्तिका • (mṛttikā) stem, f

earth, clay, loam

Declension

Feminine ā-stem declension of मृत्तिका
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	मृत्तिका (mṛttikā)	मृत्तिके (mṛttike)	मृत्तिकाः (mṛttikāḥ)
accusative	मृत्तिकाम् (mṛttikām)	मृत्तिके (mṛttike)	मृत्तिकाः (mṛttikāḥ)
instrumental	मृत्तिकया (mṛttikayā) मृत्तिका¹ (mṛttikā¹)	मृत्तिकाभ्याम् (mṛttikābhyām)	मृत्तिकाभिः (mṛttikābhiḥ)
dative	मृत्तिकायै (mṛttikāyai)	मृत्तिकाभ्याम् (mṛttikābhyām)	मृत्तिकाभ्यः (mṛttikābhyaḥ)
ablative	मृत्तिकायाः (mṛttikāyāḥ) मृत्तिकायै² (mṛttikāyai²)	मृत्तिकाभ्याम् (mṛttikābhyām)	मृत्तिकाभ्यः (mṛttikābhyaḥ)
genitive	मृत्तिकायाः (mṛttikāyāḥ) मृत्तिकायै² (mṛttikāyai²)	मृत्तिकयोः (mṛttikayoḥ)	मृत्तिकानाम् (mṛttikānām)
locative	मृत्तिकायाम् (mṛttikāyām)	मृत्तिकयोः (mṛttikayoḥ)	मृत्तिकासु (mṛttikāsu)
vocative	मृत्तिके (mṛttike)	मृत्तिके (mṛttike)	मृत्तिकाः (mṛttikāḥ)

¹Vedic
²Brāhmaṇas

Descendants

Dardic:
- Dameli: maṭhī́
- Phalura: میٹھ (mēṭhi)
- Shina: ماٹ (māṭi̯), مٹ (muṭṭi)
Pali: mattikā
Prakrit: 𑀫𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀻 (maṭṭī), 𑀫𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀺𑀆 (maṭṭiā), 𑀫𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀺𑀬𑀸 (maṭṭiyā), 𑀫𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀆 (mittiā)
- Central:
  - Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀫𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀻 (maṭṭī)
    - Awadhi: माटी (māṭī)
    - Gujarati: માટી (māṭī)
    - Hindustani:
      - Hindi: मट्टी (maṭṭī), माटी (māṭī), मिट्टी (miṭṭī)
      - Urdu: مَٹِّی (maṭṭī), مَاٹِی (māṭī), مِٹِّی (miṭṭī)
- Eastern:
  - Magadhi Prakrit:
    - Assamese: মাটি (mati)
    - Bengali: মাটি (maṭi)
    - Bihari:
      - Bhojpuri: माटी (māṭī)
      - Maithili: माटी (māṭī)
    - Odia: ମାତି (māti)
    - Sylheti: ꠝꠣꠐꠤ (maṭi)
- Northern:
  - Khasa Prakrit:
    - Central Pahari:
      - Garhwali: माटू (māṭū)
      - Kumaoni: माटो (māṭo), माटि (māṭⁱ)
    - Eastern Pahari:
      - Nepali: माटो (māṭo)
    - Western Pahari:
      - Bhadrawahi: मित्ती (mittī)
- Northwestern:
  - Paisaci Prakrit:
    - Takka Apabhramsa:
      - Punjabi: miṭṭī
        Gurmukhi script: ਮਿੱਟੀ
        
        Shahmukhi script: مِٹّھِی
        
        Lahnda: مِٹّھِی (miṭṭī)
    - Vracada Apabhramsa:
      - Sindhi: miṭī
        Arabic script: مِٽِي
        
        Devanagari script: मिटी
        
        Kachchi: મિટ્ટી (miṭṭī)
- Southern:
  - Helu Prakrit:
    - Dhivehi: މުށި (muṣi)
    - Sinhalese: මිටිය (miṭiya)
  - Maharastri Prakrit:
    - Konkani: māti
      Devanagari script: माति (māti)
      
      Kannada script: ಮಾತಿ
      
      Latin script: matti
    - Old Marathi: माती (mātī)
      - Marathi: माती (mātī)

Borrowings

→ Hindi: मृत्तिका (mŕttikā) (learned)
→ Tamil: மிருத்திகை (miruttikai) (learned)

References

Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “mrttika”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 594
Monier Williams (1899) “मृत्तिका”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 830.