मृष्ट
Sanskrit
Alternative forms
Etymology
Merging of two sources:
- Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hmr̥ṣṭás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hmr̥štás, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂mr̥ǵ-tós.
- मृश् (mṛś) + -त (-ta), particularly in the sense of "touched"
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /mr̩ʂ.ʈɐ́/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /mr̩ʂ.ʈɐ/
Participle
मृष्ट • (mṛṣṭá) past passive participle (root मृज्)
Adjective
मृष्ट • (mṛṣṭá) stem (root मृज्)
- (literal, figurative) pure
- smeared, besmeared with [with instrumental]
- (figurative) (particularly in the form मिष्ट (miṣṭa)) prepared, dressed, savoury, dainty
- sweet, pleasant, agreeable
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | मृष्टः (mṛṣṭáḥ) | मृष्टौ (mṛṣṭaú) मृष्टा¹ (mṛṣṭā́¹) |
मृष्टाः (mṛṣṭā́ḥ) मृष्टासः¹ (mṛṣṭā́saḥ¹) |
| accusative | मृष्टम् (mṛṣṭám) | मृष्टौ (mṛṣṭaú) मृष्टा¹ (mṛṣṭā́¹) |
मृष्टान् (mṛṣṭā́n) |
| instrumental | मृष्टेन (mṛṣṭéna) | मृष्टाभ्याम् (mṛṣṭā́bhyām) | मृष्टैः (mṛṣṭaíḥ) मृष्टेभिः¹ (mṛṣṭébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | मृष्टाय (mṛṣṭā́ya) | मृष्टाभ्याम् (mṛṣṭā́bhyām) | मृष्टेभ्यः (mṛṣṭébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | मृष्टात् (mṛṣṭā́t) | मृष्टाभ्याम् (mṛṣṭā́bhyām) | मृष्टेभ्यः (mṛṣṭébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | मृष्टस्य (mṛṣṭásya) | मृष्टयोः (mṛṣṭáyoḥ) | मृष्टानाम् (mṛṣṭā́nām) |
| locative | मृष्टे (mṛṣṭé) | मृष्टयोः (mṛṣṭáyoḥ) | मृष्टेषु (mṛṣṭéṣu) |
| vocative | मृष्ट (mṛ́ṣṭa) | मृष्टौ (mṛ́ṣṭau) मृष्टा¹ (mṛ́ṣṭā¹) |
मृष्टाः (mṛ́ṣṭāḥ) मृष्टासः¹ (mṛ́ṣṭāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | मृष्टा (mṛṣṭā́) | मृष्टे (mṛṣṭé) | मृष्टाः (mṛṣṭā́ḥ) |
| accusative | मृष्टाम् (mṛṣṭā́m) | मृष्टे (mṛṣṭé) | मृष्टाः (mṛṣṭā́ḥ) |
| instrumental | मृष्टया (mṛṣṭáyā) मृष्टा¹ (mṛṣṭā́¹) |
मृष्टाभ्याम् (mṛṣṭā́bhyām) | मृष्टाभिः (mṛṣṭā́bhiḥ) |
| dative | मृष्टायै (mṛṣṭā́yai) | मृष्टाभ्याम् (mṛṣṭā́bhyām) | मृष्टाभ्यः (mṛṣṭā́bhyaḥ) |
| ablative | मृष्टायाः (mṛṣṭā́yāḥ) मृष्टायै² (mṛṣṭā́yai²) |
मृष्टाभ्याम् (mṛṣṭā́bhyām) | मृष्टाभ्यः (mṛṣṭā́bhyaḥ) |
| genitive | मृष्टायाः (mṛṣṭā́yāḥ) मृष्टायै² (mṛṣṭā́yai²) |
मृष्टयोः (mṛṣṭáyoḥ) | मृष्टानाम् (mṛṣṭā́nām) |
| locative | मृष्टायाम् (mṛṣṭā́yām) | मृष्टयोः (mṛṣṭáyoḥ) | मृष्टासु (mṛṣṭā́su) |
| vocative | मृष्टे (mṛ́ṣṭe) | मृष्टे (mṛ́ṣṭe) | मृष्टाः (mṛ́ṣṭāḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | मृष्टम् (mṛṣṭám) | मृष्टे (mṛṣṭé) | मृष्टानि (mṛṣṭā́ni) मृष्टा¹ (mṛṣṭā́¹) |
| accusative | मृष्टम् (mṛṣṭám) | मृष्टे (mṛṣṭé) | मृष्टानि (mṛṣṭā́ni) मृष्टा¹ (mṛṣṭā́¹) |
| instrumental | मृष्टेन (mṛṣṭéna) | मृष्टाभ्याम् (mṛṣṭā́bhyām) | मृष्टैः (mṛṣṭaíḥ) मृष्टेभिः¹ (mṛṣṭébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | मृष्टाय (mṛṣṭā́ya) | मृष्टाभ्याम् (mṛṣṭā́bhyām) | मृष्टेभ्यः (mṛṣṭébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | मृष्टात् (mṛṣṭā́t) | मृष्टाभ्याम् (mṛṣṭā́bhyām) | मृष्टेभ्यः (mṛṣṭébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | मृष्टस्य (mṛṣṭásya) | मृष्टयोः (mṛṣṭáyoḥ) | मृष्टानाम् (mṛṣṭā́nām) |
| locative | मृष्टे (mṛṣṭé) | मृष्टयोः (mṛṣṭáyoḥ) | मृष्टेषु (mṛṣṭéṣu) |
| vocative | मृष्ट (mṛ́ṣṭa) | मृष्टे (mṛ́ṣṭe) | मृष्टानि (mṛ́ṣṭāni) मृष्टा¹ (mṛ́ṣṭā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Noun
मृष्ट • (mṛṣṭá) stem, n (root मृज्)
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | मृष्टम् (mṛṣṭám) | मृष्टे (mṛṣṭé) | मृष्टानि (mṛṣṭā́ni) मृष्टा¹ (mṛṣṭā́¹) |
| accusative | मृष्टम् (mṛṣṭám) | मृष्टे (mṛṣṭé) | मृष्टानि (mṛṣṭā́ni) मृष्टा¹ (mṛṣṭā́¹) |
| instrumental | मृष्टेन (mṛṣṭéna) | मृष्टाभ्याम् (mṛṣṭā́bhyām) | मृष्टैः (mṛṣṭaíḥ) मृष्टेभिः¹ (mṛṣṭébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | मृष्टाय (mṛṣṭā́ya) | मृष्टाभ्याम् (mṛṣṭā́bhyām) | मृष्टेभ्यः (mṛṣṭébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | मृष्टात् (mṛṣṭā́t) | मृष्टाभ्याम् (mṛṣṭā́bhyām) | मृष्टेभ्यः (mṛṣṭébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | मृष्टस्य (mṛṣṭásya) | मृष्टयोः (mṛṣṭáyoḥ) | मृष्टानाम् (mṛṣṭā́nām) |
| locative | मृष्टे (mṛṣṭé) | मृष्टयोः (mṛṣṭáyoḥ) | मृष्टेषु (mṛṣṭéṣu) |
| vocative | मृष्ट (mṛ́ṣṭa) | मृष्टे (mṛ́ṣṭe) | मृष्टानि (mṛ́ṣṭāni) मृष्टा¹ (mṛ́ṣṭā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Descendants
Descendants
- Pali: maṭṭha (“wiped, polished”)
- Prakrit: 𑀫𑀝𑁆𑀞 (maṭṭha, “wiped, polished”)
- Hindustani:
- Hindi: मट्ठा (maṭṭhā)
- Urdu: مٹّھا (maṭṭhā)
- Marathi: माठणे (māṭhṇe)
- With -𑀭- (-ra-) or -𑀮- (-la-):
- Nepali: मुठार्नु (muṭhārnu)
- Gujarati: મઠારવું (maṭhārvũ)
- Marathi: मठारणे (maṭhārṇe)
- Hindustani:
With unexplained loss of aspiration:
- Pali: maṭṭa
- Kashmiri: مٹن (miṭun)
- Prakrit: 𑀫𑀺𑀝𑀺𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀇 (miṭijjaï, “is wiped out”)
The alternative form with -i- < -ṛ- is seen as early as the Mahabharata, specialized with the meaning of "pure, good, (esp.) sweet":
- Prakrit: 𑀫𑀺𑀝𑁆𑀞 (miṭṭha, “sweet”)
- Bengali: মিঠা (miṭha)
- Assamese: মিঠা (mitha)
- Odia: ମିଠାଁ (miṭhā̃)
- Maithili: मीठ (mīṭh) / 𑂧𑂲𑂘 (mīṭh)
- Bhojpuri: मीठ (mīṭh)
- Gujarati: મીઠું (mīṭhũ)
- Punjabi: ਮਿਟ੍ਠਾ (miṭṭhā) / مِٹّھا (miṭṭhā)
- Hindustani:
- Old Marathi: 𑘦𑘲𑘙 (mīṭha, “salt”)
- Marathi: मीठ (mīṭh, “salt”)
- Marathi: मीठा (mīṭhā, “sweet”)
- Saraiki: مِٹّھا (miṭṭhā)
References
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “mr̥ṣṭá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
- Monier Williams (1899) “मृष्ट”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 829, column 3.