यान
Hindi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit यान (yāna).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi) IPA(key): /jɑːn/, [jä̃ːn]
Noun
यान • (yān) m
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | यान yān |
यान yān |
| oblique | यान yān |
यानों yānõ |
| vocative | यान yān |
यानो yāno |
Hyponyms
- गाड़ी (gāṛī)
Marathi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit यान (yāna).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /jan/
Noun
यान • (yān) n
Declension
| Declension of यान (neut cons-stem) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| direct singular |
यान yān | ||
| direct plural |
याने, यानं yāne, yāna | ||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन | ||
| nominative प्रथमा |
यान yān |
याने, यानं yāne, yāna | |
| oblique सामान्यरूप |
याना yānā |
यानां- yānān- | |
| acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी |
यानाला yānālā |
यानांना yānānnā | |
| ergative | यानाने, यानानं yānāne, yānāna |
यानांनी yānānnī | |
| instrumental | यानाशी yānāśī |
यानांशी yānānśī | |
| locative सप्तमी |
यानात yānāt |
यानांत yānāt | |
| vocative संबोधन |
याना yānā |
यानांनो yānānno | |
| Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition. | |||
| Genitive declension of यान (neut cons-stem) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म |
feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म |
neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म |
oblique सामान्यरूप | |||||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular* एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
|||
| singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता |
यानाचा yānāċā |
यानाचे yānāċe |
यानाची yānācī |
यानाच्या yānācā |
यानाचे, यानाचं yānāċe, yānāċa |
यानाची yānācī |
यानाच्या yānācā | |
| plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता |
यानांचा yānānċā |
यानांचे yānānċe |
यानांची yānāñcī |
यानांच्या yānāncā |
यानांचे, यानांचं yānānċe, yānānċa |
यानांची yānāñcī |
यानांच्या yānāñcā | |
| * Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition. | ||||||||
Pali
Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
Noun
यान n
- Devanagari script form of yāna (“conveyance”)
Declension
Declension table of "यान" (neuter)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | यानं (yānaṃ) | यानानि (yānāni) or याना (yānā) |
| Accusative (second) | यानं (yānaṃ) | यानानि (yānāni) |
| Instrumental (third) | यानेन (yānena) | यानेहि (yānehi) or यानेभि (yānebhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | यानस्स (yānassa) or यानाय (yānāya) or यानत्थं (yānatthaṃ) | यानानं (yānānaṃ) |
| Ablative (fifth) | यानस्मा (yānasmā) or यानम्हा (yānamhā) or याना (yānā) | यानेहि (yānehi) or यानेभि (yānebhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | यानस्स (yānassa) | यानानं (yānānaṃ) |
| Locative (seventh) | यानस्मिं (yānasmiṃ) or यानम्हि (yānamhi) or याने (yāne) | यानेसु (yānesu) |
| Vocative (calling) | यान (yāna) | यानानि (yānāni) |
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- যান (Assamese script)
- ᬬᬵᬦ (Balinese script)
- যান (Bengali script)
- 𑰧𑰯𑰡 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀬𑀸𑀦 (Brahmi script)
- ယာန (Burmese script)
- યાન (Gujarati script)
- ਯਾਨ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌯𑌾𑌨 (Grantha script)
- ꦪꦴꦤ (Javanese script)
- 𑂨𑂰𑂢 (Kaithi script)
- ಯಾನ (Kannada script)
- យាន (Khmer script)
- ຍານ (Lao script)
- യാന (Malayalam script)
- ᠶᠠ᠊ᠠᠨᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘧𑘰𑘡 (Modi script)
- ᠶ᠋ᠠᢗᠨᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧇𑧑𑧁 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐫𑐵𑐣 (Newa script)
- ଯାନ (Odia script)
- ꢫꢵꢥ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆪𑆳𑆤 (Sharada script)
- 𑖧𑖯𑖡 (Siddham script)
- යාන (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩻𑩛𑩯 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚣𑚭𑚝 (Takri script)
- யாந (Tamil script)
- యాన (Telugu script)
- ยาน (Thai script)
- ཡཱ་ན (Tibetan script)
- 𑒨𑒰𑒢 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨪𑨊𑨝 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *yáHnam, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *yáHnam, from Proto-Indo-European *yéh₂-nom, from *yeh₂- (“to go”). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *ěxati (“to travel”). The Sanskrit root is या (yā, “to go, proceed”).[1]
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /jɑ́ː.nɐ/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /jɑː.n̪ɐ/
Adjective
यान • (yāna) stem
- leading, conducting (said of a road)
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | यानः (yānaḥ) | यानौ (yānau) | यानाः (yānāḥ) |
| accusative | यानम् (yānam) | यानौ (yānau) | यानान् (yānān) |
| instrumental | यानेन (yānena) | यानाभ्याम् (yānābhyām) | यानैः (yānaiḥ) |
| dative | यानाय (yānāya) | यानाभ्याम् (yānābhyām) | यानेभ्यः (yānebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | यानात् (yānāt) | यानाभ्याम् (yānābhyām) | यानेभ्यः (yānebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | यानस्य (yānasya) | यानयोः (yānayoḥ) | यानानाम् (yānānām) |
| locative | याने (yāne) | यानयोः (yānayoḥ) | यानेषु (yāneṣu) |
| vocative | यान (yāna) | यानौ (yānau) | यानाः (yānāḥ) |
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | याना (yānā) | याने (yāne) | यानाः (yānāḥ) |
| accusative | यानाम् (yānām) | याने (yāne) | यानाः (yānāḥ) |
| instrumental | यानया (yānayā) | यानाभ्याम् (yānābhyām) | यानाभिः (yānābhiḥ) |
| dative | यानायै (yānāyai) | यानाभ्याम् (yānābhyām) | यानाभ्यः (yānābhyaḥ) |
| ablative | यानायाः (yānāyāḥ) | यानाभ्याम् (yānābhyām) | यानाभ्यः (yānābhyaḥ) |
| genitive | यानायाः (yānāyāḥ) | यानयोः (yānayoḥ) | यानानाम् (yānānām) |
| locative | यानायाम् (yānāyām) | यानयोः (yānayoḥ) | यानासु (yānāsu) |
| vocative | याने (yāne) | याने (yāne) | यानाः (yānāḥ) |
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | यानम् (yānam) | याने (yāne) | यानानि (yānāni) |
| accusative | यानम् (yānam) | याने (yāne) | यानानि (yānāni) |
| instrumental | यानेन (yānena) | यानाभ्याम् (yānābhyām) | यानैः (yānaiḥ) |
| dative | यानाय (yānāya) | यानाभ्याम् (yānābhyām) | यानेभ्यः (yānebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | यानात् (yānāt) | यानाभ्याम् (yānābhyām) | यानेभ्यः (yānebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | यानस्य (yānasya) | यानयोः (yānayoḥ) | यानानाम् (yānānām) |
| locative | याने (yāne) | यानयोः (yānayoḥ) | यानेषु (yāneṣu) |
| vocative | यान (yāna) | याने (yāne) | यानानि (yānāni) |
Noun
यान • (yā́na) stem, n
- carriage, vehicle, mode of transport
- moving, journey, travel
- going, moving, riding, marching to or upon or against
- (Buddhism) figuratively and metaphorically, the modes or methods of religious practice that "convey" practitioners on "journeys" towards their spiritual goal, normally translated as vehicle
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | यानम् (yā́nam) | याने (yā́ne) | यानानि (yā́nāni) याना¹ (yā́nā¹) |
| accusative | यानम् (yā́nam) | याने (yā́ne) | यानानि (yā́nāni) याना¹ (yā́nā¹) |
| instrumental | यानेन (yā́nena) | यानाभ्याम् (yā́nābhyām) | यानैः (yā́naiḥ) यानेभिः¹ (yā́nebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | यानाय (yā́nāya) | यानाभ्याम् (yā́nābhyām) | यानेभ्यः (yā́nebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | यानात् (yā́nāt) | यानाभ्याम् (yā́nābhyām) | यानेभ्यः (yā́nebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | यानस्य (yā́nasya) | यानयोः (yā́nayoḥ) | यानानाम् (yā́nānām) |
| locative | याने (yā́ne) | यानयोः (yā́nayoḥ) | यानेषु (yā́neṣu) |
| vocative | यान (yā́na) | याने (yā́ne) | यानानि (yā́nāni) याना¹ (yā́nā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Derived terms
Related terms
Descendants
- → Khmer: យាន (yiən, “conveyance”)
- → Kannada: ಯಾನ (yāna, “carriage, vehicle”)
- → Hindi: यान (yān, “carriage, coach”)
- → Malayalam: യാനം (yānaṁ, “carriage, vehicle”)
- → Marathi: यान (yān, “carriage, vehicle”)
- → Pali: yāna (“conveyance”)
- → Burmese: ယာဉ် (yany, “conveyance”)
- → Shan: ယဵၼ်ႇ (yàen, “conveyance”)
- → Thai: ยาน (yaan, “conveyance”)
- → Burmese: ယာဉ် (yany, “conveyance”)
- → Tamil: யானம் (yāṉam, “carriage, vehicle”)
- → Telugu: యానము (yānamu, “carriage, vehicle”)
References
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “YĀ¹ (> yā́na- n. Fahrt)”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 407-8
Further reading
- Monier Williams (1899) “यान”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 849/3.
- Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2025) “yāna”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.