सू

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

सु (su), सव् (sav)

Alternative scripts

সূ (Assamese script)
ᬲᬹ (Balinese script)
সূ (Bengali script)
𑰭𑰳 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀲𑀽 (Brahmi script)
သူ (Burmese script)
સૂ (Gujarati script)
ਸੂ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌸𑍂 (Grantha script)
ꦱꦹ (Javanese script)
𑂮𑂴 (Kaithi script)
ಸೂ (Kannada script)
សូ (Khmer script)
ສູ (Lao script)
സൂ (Malayalam script)
ᠰᡠᡠ (Manchu script)
𑘭𑘴 (Modi script)
ᠰᠤᠤ (Mongolian script)
𑧍𑧕 (Nandinagari script)
𑐳𑐹 (Newa script)
ସୂ (Odia script)
ꢱꢹ (Saurashtra script)
𑆱𑆷 (Sharada script)
𑖭𑖳 (Siddham script)
සූ (Sinhalese script)
𑪁𑩒𑩛 (Soyombo script)
𑚨𑚱 (Takri script)
ஸூ (Tamil script)
సూ (Telugu script)
สู (Thai script)
སཱུ (Tibetan script)
𑒮𑒴 (Tirhuta script)
𑨰𑨃𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *suH-, from Proto-Indo-European *súHs, from *sewH- (“to give birth, to bear a child”).^[1]^[2]

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /súː/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /s̪uː/

Root

सू • (sū)

to beget, procreate, bring forth, bear, produce, yield

Derived terms

सूत (sūta)
सूनु (sūnu)
सूतिका (sūtikā)
सूतिकागार (sūtikāgāra)
सूतिकागृह (sūtikāgṛha)
प्रसू (prasū)
प्रसूति (prasūti)
प्रसव (prasava)
सूते (sūte)
सुवे (suve)
असूत (asūta)
सूयते (sūyate)
ससूव (sasūva)
सुषुवे (suṣuve)
सुसाव (susāva)
असुषोत् (asuṣot)
असोष्ट (asoṣṭa)
असौषीत् (asauṣīt)
असविष्ट (asaviṣṭa)
सोता (sotā)
सविता (savitā)
सोष्यति (soṣyati)
सोष्यते (soṣyate)
सविष्यति (saviṣyati)
सविष्यते (saviṣyate)
सूष्यन्ती (sūṣyantī)
सोष्यन्ती (soṣyantī)
सूतवे (sūtave)
सूतवै (sūtavai)
सवितवे (savitave)
सोतुम् (sotum)
सवितुम् (savitum)
सूत्वा (sūtvā)
असावि (asāvi)
सावयति (sāvayati)

Adjective

सू • (sū́) stem

(mostly at end of compounds) begetting, procreating, bringing forth, producing
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda

Declension

Masculine ū-stem declension of सू
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	सूः (sū́ḥ)	सुवौ (súvau)	सुवः (súvaḥ)
accusative	सुवम् (súvam)	सुवौ (súvau)	सुवः (súvaḥ)
instrumental	सुवा (suvā́)	सूभ्याम् (sūbhyā́m)	सूभिः (sūbhíḥ)
dative	सुवे (suvé) सुवै¹ (suvaí¹)	सूभ्याम् (sūbhyā́m)	सूभ्यः (sūbhyáḥ)
ablative	सुवः (suváḥ) सुवाः¹ (suvā́ḥ¹) सुवै² (suvaí²)	सूभ्याम् (sūbhyā́m)	सूभ्यः (sūbhyáḥ)
genitive	सुवः (suváḥ) सुवाः¹ (suvā́ḥ¹) सुवै² (suvaí²)	सुवोः (suvóḥ)	सुवाम् (suvā́m) सूनाम्¹ (sūnā́m¹)
locative	सुवि (suví) सुवाम्¹ (suvā́m¹)	सुवोः (suvóḥ)	सूषु (sūṣú)
vocative	सूः (sū́ḥ)	सुवौ (súvau)	सुवः (súvaḥ)

¹Later Sanskrit
²Brāhmaṇas

Feminine ū-stem declension of सू
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	सूः (sū́ḥ)	सुवौ (súvau)	सुवः (súvaḥ)
accusative	सुवम् (súvam)	सुवौ (súvau)	सुवः (súvaḥ)
instrumental	सुवा (suvā́)	सूभ्याम् (sūbhyā́m)	सूभिः (sūbhíḥ)
dative	सुवे (suvé) सुवै¹ (suvaí¹)	सूभ्याम् (sūbhyā́m)	सूभ्यः (sūbhyáḥ)
ablative	सुवः (suváḥ) सुवाः¹ (suvā́ḥ¹) सुवै² (suvaí²)	सूभ्याम् (sūbhyā́m)	सूभ्यः (sūbhyáḥ)
genitive	सुवः (suváḥ) सुवाः¹ (suvā́ḥ¹) सुवै² (suvaí²)	सुवोः (suvóḥ)	सुवाम् (suvā́m) सूनाम्¹ (sūnā́m¹)
locative	सुवि (suví) सुवाम्¹ (suvā́m¹)	सुवोः (suvóḥ)	सूषु (sūṣú)
vocative	सूः (sū́ḥ)	सुवौ (súvau)	सुवः (súvaḥ)

¹Later Sanskrit
²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter ū-stem declension of सू
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	सूः (sū́ḥ)	सुवौ (súvau)	सुवः (súvaḥ)
accusative	सुवम् (súvam)	सुवौ (súvau)	सुवः (súvaḥ)
instrumental	सुवा (suvā́)	सूभ्याम् (sūbhyā́m)	सूभिः (sūbhíḥ)
dative	सुवे (suvé) सुवै¹ (suvaí¹)	सूभ्याम् (sūbhyā́m)	सूभ्यः (sūbhyáḥ)
ablative	सुवः (suváḥ) सुवाः¹ (suvā́ḥ¹) सुवै² (suvaí²)	सूभ्याम् (sūbhyā́m)	सूभ्यः (sūbhyáḥ)
genitive	सुवः (suváḥ) सुवाः¹ (suvā́ḥ¹) सुवै² (suvaí²)	सुवोः (suvóḥ)	सुवाम् (suvā́m) सूनाम्¹ (sūnā́m¹)
locative	सुवि (suví) सुवाम्¹ (suvā́m¹)	सुवोः (suvóḥ)	सूषु (sūṣú)
vocative	सूः (sū́ḥ)	सुवौ (súvau)	सुवः (súvaḥ)

¹Later Sanskrit
²Brāhmaṇas

Noun

सू • (sū́) stem, m or f

one who begets
1. a mother
2. a father
- c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda
childbearing, parturition

Declension

Masculine ū-stem declension of सू
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	सूः (sū́ḥ)	सुवौ (súvau)	सुवः (súvaḥ)
accusative	सुवम् (súvam)	सुवौ (súvau)	सुवः (súvaḥ)
instrumental	सुवा (suvā́)	सूभ्याम् (sūbhyā́m)	सूभिः (sūbhíḥ)
dative	सुवे (suvé) सुवै¹ (suvaí¹)	सूभ्याम् (sūbhyā́m)	सूभ्यः (sūbhyáḥ)
ablative	सुवः (suváḥ) सुवाः¹ (suvā́ḥ¹) सुवै² (suvaí²)	सूभ्याम् (sūbhyā́m)	सूभ्यः (sūbhyáḥ)
genitive	सुवः (suváḥ) सुवाः¹ (suvā́ḥ¹) सुवै² (suvaí²)	सुवोः (suvóḥ)	सुवाम् (suvā́m) सूनाम्¹ (sūnā́m¹)
locative	सुवि (suví) सुवाम्¹ (suvā́m¹)	सुवोः (suvóḥ)	सूषु (sūṣú)
vocative	सूः (sū́ḥ)	सुवौ (súvau)	सुवः (súvaḥ)

¹Later Sanskrit
²Brāhmaṇas

Feminine ū-stem declension of सू
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	सूः (sū́ḥ)	सुवौ (súvau)	सुवः (súvaḥ)
accusative	सुवम् (súvam)	सुवौ (súvau)	सुवः (súvaḥ)
instrumental	सुवा (suvā́)	सूभ्याम् (sūbhyā́m)	सूभिः (sūbhíḥ)
dative	सुवे (suvé) सुवै¹ (suvaí¹)	सूभ्याम् (sūbhyā́m)	सूभ्यः (sūbhyáḥ)
ablative	सुवः (suváḥ) सुवाः¹ (suvā́ḥ¹) सुवै² (suvaí²)	सूभ्याम् (sūbhyā́m)	सूभ्यः (sūbhyáḥ)
genitive	सुवः (suváḥ) सुवाः¹ (suvā́ḥ¹) सुवै² (suvaí²)	सुवोः (suvóḥ)	सुवाम् (suvā́m) सूनाम्¹ (sūnā́m¹)
locative	सुवि (suví) सुवाम्¹ (suvā́m¹)	सुवोः (suvóḥ)	सूषु (sūṣú)
vocative	सूः (sū́ḥ)	सुवौ (súvau)	सुवः (súvaḥ)

¹Later Sanskrit
²Brāhmaṇas

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *sawH-, from Proto-Indo-European *sewH- (“to push (forth)”). Cognate with Hittite [script needed] (šu-ú-iz-zi, “to push (away), shove, cast off”), Old Irish soïd (“to turn”).^[3]^[4]

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /suː/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /s̪uː/

Root

सू • (sū)

to set in motion, urge, impel, vivify, create, produce
to hurl upon
to grant, bestow
to appoint or consecrate to
to allow, authorise
to urge or impel violently
to beget, procreate, bring forth, bear, produce, yield
to be begotten or brought forth

Derived terms

असावीत् (asāvīt)
उत्सू (utsū)
सवति (savati)
सवितृ (savitṛ)
साविषत् (sāviṣat)
सुवति (suvati)
सुवते (suvate)
सुषुवाण (suṣuvāṇa)
सुषुवे (suṣuve)
सूयते (sūyate)
सोषवीति (soṣavīti)

References

Monier Williams (1899) “सू”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 1239/3, 1240/1-2.
William Dwight Whitney (1885) The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 188

^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 714-5
^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, pages 452-3
^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[2] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 715-6
^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, page 453

[1] Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 714-5

[2] Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, pages 452-3

[3] Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[2] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 715-6

[4] Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, page 453

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