ถูก

From Proto-Tai *C̬.tɯːkᴰ (“to come into contact”). Compare Middle Chinese 觸 (MC tsyhowk, “to touch; to come in contact with”). Cognate with Northern Thai ᨳᩪᨠ, Isan ถืก, Lao ຖືກ (thư̄k), Lü ᦏᦳᧅᧈ (ṫhuk¹), Khün ᨳᩪᨠ, Shan ထုၵ်ႇ (thùk), Tai Nüa ᥗᥧᥐᥴ (thúk), Ahom 𑜌𑜤𑜀𑜫 (thuk).

ถูก • (tùuk) (abstract noun ความถูก)

1. accurate; precise
2. appropriate; proper; suitable
3. conformable
4. correct; lawful; rightful

ถูก • (tùuk) (abstract noun การถูก)

1. (auxiliary) used as a passive voice marker
2. to touch or be touched
3. to match; to fit together

The passive voice marker ถูก (tùuk) is only used when the target of the action undergoes something unfavourable. Examples:

• ข่มขืน

  tùuk kòm-kʉ̌ʉn

  to be raped

• ด่า

  tùuk dàa

  to be spoken ill of

• ทิ้ง

  tùuk tíng

  to be dumped (e.g. by a boyfriend)

• ฆ่า

  tùuk kâa

  to be killed

• เก็บ

  tùuk gèp

  to be assassinated

• ตบ

  tùuk dtòp

  to be slapped (e.g. in the face)

In some cases, the marker ถูก (tùuk) and a less formal marker, โดน (doon), can be used interchangeably.

If the target does not undergo an unfavourable situation, the marker ได้รับ(dâai ráp) is used.

These markers can sometimes be omitted.

Cognate with Southern Thai ทู๊ก, Isan ถืก, Lao ຖືກ (thư̄k), Northern Thai ᨳᩪᨠ, Khün ᨳᩪᨠ, Lü ᦏᦳᧅᧈ (ṫhuk¹), Tai Dam ꪖꪴꪀ, Shan ထုၵ်ႇ (thùk), Nong Zhuang tuk.

ถูก • (tùuk) (abstract noun ความถูก)

1. cheap; inexpensive