ခွန်

• IPA^(key): /kʰʊ̀ɴ/
• Romanization: MLCTS: hkwan • ALA-LC: khvanʻ • BGN/PCGN: hkun • Okell: hkuñ

The "tax" and "strength" senses are combined together by MED, though they seem etymologically distinct.

For the "tax" sense, not given etymology by STEDT (ə-khwan "revenue"), while Luce 1981's comparison with Old Chinese 課 (OC *kʰloːl, *kʰloːls, “test, tax, revenue”) is phonetically tenuous. In addition, note similarities to 貢 (OC *koːŋs, “tribute”).

For the "strength" sense, derived by STEDT from a Proto-Sino-Tibetan *k/l/ʔ-wan (“swift, strong, violent”), whence also ဝှန်း (hwan:, “to surmount, soar”), Jingpho [script needed] (lə̀wān, “to hurry, be swift”), and perhaps Old Chinese 拳 (OC *ɡron, “fist”) (though this latter comparandum appears tenuous).

ခွန် • (hkwan)

1. (same as အခွန် (a.hkwan)) tax
2. (same as ခွန်အား (hkwan-a:)) strength

ခွန် • (hkwan)

1. long-handled ax

Borrowed from Shan ၶုၼ် (khǔn).

ခွန် • (hkwan)

1. (honorific) a title used by Shan and Pa'O men

• “ခွန်” in Myanmar–English Dictionary (Myanmar Language Commission 1993). Searchable online at SEAlang.net.