ἀήρ
See also: αήρ and Appendix:Variations of "aer"
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
Etymology
Beekes gives Proto-Hellenic *auhḗr (“morning mist”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewsḗr, from *h₂ews- (“dawn; east”). Cognate with αὔρᾱ (aúrā) (< *h₂éwsreh₂), Latin aurōra.[1] The a was lengthened to ā by compensatory lengthening.
Sihler gives Proto-Hellenic *āwḗr (“morning mist”) but provides no further etymology.[2][3] See Albanian fjur.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /aː.ɛ̌ːr/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /aˈe̝r/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /aˈir/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /aˈir/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /aˈir/
Noun
ᾱ̓ήρ • (āḗr) m (genitive ᾱ̓έρος); third declension
Inflection
Derived terms
- ᾱ̓έριος (āérios)
- ᾱ̓ερόπλανος (āeróplanos)
- ἠερόεις (ēeróeis)
Descendants
- Greek: αέρας (aéras), αήρ m (aḯr)
- → Aromanian: aerã, erã
- → Aramaic:
- Syriac script: ܐܐܪ (ʾāʾar)
- → English: aero-
- → Old Georgian: აერი (aeri)
- Georgian: ჰაერი (haeri)
- → Hebrew: אֲוִיר (ʾăwîr)
- → Latin: āēr (see there for further descendants)
See also
- αἰθήρ (aithḗr)
References
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ᾱ̓ήρ”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 27
- ^ Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, § 54
- ^ Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, § 284 A
Further reading
- “ἀήρ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ἀήρ”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “ἀήρ”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ἀήρ in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “ἀήρ”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G109 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- ἀήρ in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- air idem, page 21.
- atmosphere idem, page 49.
- climate idem, page 137.
- weather idem, page 971.
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- ἀήρ, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011