ἀνταγωνίζομαι
See also: ανταγωνίζομαι
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From ἀντι- (anti-, “against”) + ἀγωνίζομαι (agōnízomai, “contend for a prize”).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /an.ta.ɡɔː.níz.do.mai̯/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /an.ta.ɡoˈni.zo.mɛ/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /an.ta.ɣoˈni.zo.mɛ/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /an.ta.ɣoˈni.zo.me/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /an.da.ɣoˈni.zo.me/
Verb
ἀντᾰγωνίζομαι • (antăgōnízomai)
- (deponent) to struggle against, prove a match for [with dative]
- to struggle or dispute with [with dative]
- to strive [with πρός (prós, + accusative) ‘against’]
Conjugation
Present: ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζομαι
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζομαι | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζῃ / ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζει | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζεται | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζεσθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζεσθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐζόμεθᾰ | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζεσθε | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζονται | ||||
| subjunctive | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζωμαι | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζῃ | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζηται | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζησθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζησθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐζώμεθᾰ | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζησθε | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζωνται | |||||
| optative | ἀντᾰγωνῐζοίμην | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζοιο | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζοιτο | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζοισθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐζοίσθην | ἀντᾰγωνῐζοίμεθᾰ | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζοισθε | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζοιντο | |||||
| imperative | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζου | ἀντᾰγωνῐζέσθω | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζεσθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐζέσθων | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζεσθε | ἀντᾰγωνῐζέσθων | |||||||
| middle/passive | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́ζεσθαι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | ἀντᾰγωνῐζόμενος | |||||||||||
| f | ἀντᾰγωνῐζομένη | ||||||||||||
| n | ἀντᾰγωνῐζόμενον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Imperfect: ἀντηγωνῐζόμην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | ἀντηγωνῐζόμην | ἀντηγωνῐ́ζου | ἀντηγωνῐ́ζετο | ἀντηγωνῐ́ζεσθον | ἀντηγωνῐζέσθην | ἀντηγωνῐζόμεθᾰ | ἀντηγωνῐ́ζεσθε | ἀντηγωνῐ́ζοντο | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Future: ἀντᾰγωνῐέομαι, ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσομαι (Uncontracted)
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle | indicative | ἀντᾰγωνῐέομαι | ἀντᾰγωνῐέῃ / ἀντᾰγωνῐέει | ἀντᾰγωνῐέεται | ἀντᾰγωνῐέεσθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐέεσθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐεόμεθᾰ | ἀντᾰγωνῐέεσθε | ἀντᾰγωνῐέονται | ||||
| optative | ἀντᾰγωνῐεοίμην | ἀντᾰγωνῐέοιο | ἀντᾰγωνῐέοιτο | ἀντᾰγωνῐέοισθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐεοίσθην | ἀντᾰγωνῐεοίμεθᾰ | ἀντᾰγωνῐέοισθε | ἀντᾰγωνῐέοιντο | |||||
| passive | indicative | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσομαι | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσῃ | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσεται | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσεσθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσεσθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθησόμεθᾰ | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσεσθε | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσονται | ||||
| optative | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθησοίμην | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσοιο | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσοιτο | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσοισθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθησοίσθην | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθησοίμεθᾰ | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσοισθε | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσοιντο | |||||
| middle | passive | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | ἀντᾰγωνῐέεσθαι | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσεσθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | ἀντᾰγωνῐεόμενος | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθησόμενος | ||||||||||
| f | ἀντᾰγωνῐεομένη | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθησομένη | |||||||||||
| n | ἀντᾰγωνῐεόμενον | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθησόμενον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Future: ἀντᾰγωνῐοῦμαι, ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσομαι (Contracted)
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle | indicative | ἀντᾰγωνῐοῦμαι | ἀντᾰγωνῐῇ | ἀντᾰγωνῐεῖται | ἀντᾰγωνῐεῖσθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐεῖσθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐούμεθᾰ | ἀντᾰγωνῐεῖσθε | ἀντᾰγωνῐοῦνται | ||||
| optative | ἀντᾰγωνῐοίμην | ἀντᾰγωνῐοῖο | ἀντᾰγωνῐοῖτο | ἀντᾰγωνῐοῖσθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐοίσθην | ἀντᾰγωνῐοίμεθᾰ | ἀντᾰγωνῐοῖσθε | ἀντᾰγωνῐοῖντο | |||||
| passive | indicative | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσομαι | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσῃ | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσεται | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσεσθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσεσθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθησόμεθᾰ | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσεσθε | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσονται | ||||
| optative | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθησοίμην | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσοιο | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσοιτο | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσοισθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθησοίσθην | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθησοίμεθᾰ | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσοισθε | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσοιντο | |||||
| middle | passive | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | ἀντᾰγωνῐεῖσθαι | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήσεσθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | ἀντᾰγωνῐούμενος | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθησόμενος | ||||||||||
| f | ἀντᾰγωνῐουμένη | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθησομένη | |||||||||||
| n | ἀντᾰγωνῐούμενον | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθησόμενον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Aorist: ἀντηγωνῐσᾰ́μην, ἀντηγωνῐ́σθην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle | indicative | ἀντηγωνῐσᾰ́μην | ἀντηγωνῐ́σω | ἀντηγωνῐ́σᾰτο | ἀντηγωνῐ́σᾰσθον | ἀντηγωνῐσᾰ́σθην | ἀντηγωνῐσᾰ́μεθᾰ | ἀντηγωνῐ́σᾰσθε | ἀντηγωνῐ́σᾰντο | ||||
| subjunctive | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́σωμαι | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́σῃ | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́σηται | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́σησθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́σησθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐσώμεθᾰ | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́σησθε | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́σωνται | |||||
| optative | ἀντᾰγωνῐσαίμην | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́σαιο | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́σαιτο | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́σαισθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐσαίσθην | ἀντᾰγωνῐσαίμεθᾰ | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́σαισθε | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́σαιντο | |||||
| imperative | ἀντᾰγώνῐσαι | ἀντᾰγωνῐσᾰ́σθω | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́σᾰσθον | ἀντᾰγωνῐσᾰ́σθων | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́σᾰσθε | ἀντᾰγωνῐσᾰ́σθων | |||||||
| passive | indicative | ἀντηγωνῐ́σθην | ἀντηγωνῐ́σθης | ἀντηγωνῐ́σθη | ἀντηγωνῐ́σθητον | ἀντηγωνῐσθήτην | ἀντηγωνῐ́σθημεν | ἀντηγωνῐ́σθητε | ἀντηγωνῐ́σθησᾰν | ||||
| subjunctive | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθῶ | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθῇς | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθῇ | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθῆτον | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθῆτον | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθῶμεν | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθῆτε | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθείην | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθείης | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθείη | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθεῖτον / ἀντᾰγωνῐσθείητον | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθείτην / ἀντᾰγωνῐσθειήτην | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθεῖμεν / ἀντᾰγωνῐσθείημεν | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθεῖτε / ἀντᾰγωνῐσθείητε | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθεῖεν / ἀντᾰγωνῐσθείησᾰν | |||||
| imperative | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́σθητῐ | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήτω | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́σθητον | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθήτων | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́σθητε | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθέντων | |||||||
| middle | passive | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | ἀντᾰγωνῐ́σᾰσθαι | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθῆναι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | ἀντᾰγωνῐσᾰ́μενος | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθείς | ||||||||||
| f | ἀντᾰγωνῐσᾰμένη | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθεῖσᾰ | |||||||||||
| n | ἀντᾰγωνῐσᾰ́μενον | ἀντᾰγωνῐσθέν | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Perfect: ἀντηγώνῐσμαι
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | ἀντηγώνῐσμαι | ἀντηγώνῐσαι | ἀντηγώνῐσται | ἀντηγώνῐσθον | ἀντηγώνῐσθον | ἀντηγωνῐ́σμεθᾰ | ἀντηγώνῐσθε | ἀντηγωνῐ́δᾰται | ||||
| subjunctive | ἀντηγωνῐσμένος ὦ | ἀντηγωνῐσμένος ᾖς | ἀντηγωνῐσμένος ᾖ | ἀντηγωνῐσμένω ἦτον | ἀντηγωνῐσμένω ἦτον | ἀντηγωνῐσμένοι ὦμεν | ἀντηγωνῐσμένοι ἦτε | ἀντηγωνῐσμένοι ὦσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | ἀντηγωνῐσμένος εἴην | ἀντηγωνῐσμένος εἴης | ἀντηγωνῐσμένος εἴη | ἀντηγωνῐσμένω εἴητον / εἶτον | ἀντηγωνῐσμένω εἰήτην / εἴτην | ἀντηγωνῐσμένοι εἴημεν / εἶμεν | ἀντηγωνῐσμένοι εἴητε / εἶτε | ἀντηγωνῐσμένοι εἴησᾰν / εἶεν | |||||
| imperative | ἀντηγώνῐσο | ἀντηγωνῐ́σθω | ἀντηγώνῐσθον | ἀντηγωνῐ́σθων | ἀντηγώνῐσθε | ἀντηγωνῐ́σθων | |||||||
| middle/passive | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | ἀντηγωνῐ́σθαι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | ἀντηγωνῐσμένος | |||||||||||
| f | ἀντηγωνῐσμένη | ||||||||||||
| n | ἀντηγωνῐσμένον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Pluperfect: ἀντηγωνῐ́σμην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | ἀντηγωνῐ́σμην | ἀντηγώνῐσο | ἀντηγώνῐστο | ἀντηγώνῐσθον | ἀντηγωνῐ́σθην | ἀντηγωνῐ́σμεθᾰ | ἀντηγώνῐσθε | ἀντηγωνῐ́δᾰτο | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Quotations
- New Testament, Epistle to the Hebrews 12:4:
- οὔπω μέχρις αἵματος ἀντικατέστητε πρὸς τὴν ἁμαρτίαν ἀνταγωνιζόμενοι·
- oúpō mékhris haímatos antikatéstēte pròs tḕn hamartían antagōnizómenoi;
- Translation by KJV
- Ye have not yet resisted unto blood, striving against sin.
- οὔπω μέχρις αἵματος ἀντικατέστητε πρὸς τὴν ἁμαρτίαν ἀνταγωνιζόμενοι·
Derived terms
- ἀνταγωνιστέω (antagōnistéō)
- ἀνταγωνιστής (antagōnistḗs)
- ἀνταγώνιστος (antagṓnistos)
Descendants
Descendants
- Greek: ανταγωνίζομαι (antagonízomai)
- → English: antagonize
- → French: antagoniser
- → German: antagonisieren
- → Polish: antagonizować
- → Portuguese: antagonizar
- → Spanish: antagonizar
Further reading
- ἀνταγωνίζομαι in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ἀνταγωνίζομαι in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
- ἀνταγωνίζομαι, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
- “ἀνταγωνίζομαι”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ἀνταγωνίζομαι”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- G464 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- combat idem, page 144.
- contend idem, page 167.
- fight idem, page 318.
- pit idem, page 614.
- vie (with) idem, page 951.