ἀρήν

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *warḗn, from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥h₁ḗn (“lamb”). Cognates include Latin vervēx (“wether”), Sanskrit उरण (úraṇa) and Old Armenian գառն (gaṙn).[1]

Pronunciation

 

Noun

ᾰ̓ρήν • (ărḗn) m or f (genitive ᾰ̓ρνός); third declension

  1. a lamb
  2. a sheep, whether ram or ewe
  3. (in the plural) shunted ears of wheat

Inflection

The nominative is only found in early inscriptions, the inflected forms being used in later Greek for ᾰ̓μνός (ămnós).

Third declension of ὁ, ἡ ᾰ̓ρήν; τοῦ, τῆς ᾰ̓ρνός (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ὁ, ἡ ᾰ̓ρήν
ho, hē ărḗn 		τὼ ᾰ̓́ρνε
tṑ ắrne 		οἱ, αἱ ᾰ̓́ρνες
hoi, hai ắrnes
Genitive τοῦ, τῆς ᾰ̓ρνός
toû, tês ărnós 		τοῖν ᾰ̓ρνοῖν
toîn ărnoîn 		τῶν ᾰ̓ρνῶν
tôn ărnôn
Dative τῷ, τῇ ᾰ̓ρνῐ́
tōî, tēî ărnĭ́ 		τοῖν ᾰ̓ρνοῖν
toîn ărnoîn 		τοῖς, ταῖς ᾰ̓ρνᾰ́σῐ / ᾰ̓ρνᾰ́σῐν / ᾰ̓́ρνεσσῐ / ᾰ̓́ρνεσσῐν
toîs, taîs ărnắsĭ(n) / ắrnessĭ(n)
Accusative τὸν, τὴν ᾰ̓́ρνᾱ
tòn, tḕn ắrnā 		τὼ ᾰ̓́ρνε
tṑ ắrne 		τοὺς, τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̓́ρνᾰς
toùs, tā̀s ắrnăs
Vocative ᾰ̓ρήν
ărḗn 		ᾰ̓́ρνε
ắrne 		ᾰ̓́ρνες
ắrnes
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

See also

References

  1. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἀρήν”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 129

Further reading

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