ἄλειφαρ

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From ἀλείφω (aleíphō, “to anoint, grease”). Cognate with Mycenaean Greek 𐀀𐀩𐀞 (a-re-pa).

Pronunciation

 

Noun

ἄλειφᾰρ • (áleiphăr) n (genitive ἀλείφατος); third declension

  1. unguent, anointing oil, oil, fat
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 23.170–171:
      ἐν δ' ἐτίθει μέλιτος καὶ ἀλείφατος ἀμφιφορῆας / πρὸς λέχεα κλίνων
      en d’ etíthei mélitos kaì aleíphatos amphiphorêas / pròs lékhea klínōn
      • 1924 translation by A.T. Murray, Ph.D.
        And thereon he set two-handled jars of honey and oil, leaning them against the bier
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 3.408
    • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.87
    • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.94
    • 460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates of Kos, On the Diseases of Women 1.74
  2. pitch, resin
    • 300 BCE – 200 BCE, Theocritus, Collected Works 7.147

Inflection

Third declension of τὸ ἄλειφᾰρ; τοῦ ἀλείφᾰτος (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative τὸ ἄλειφᾰρ
tò áleiphăr 		τὼ ἀλείφᾰτε
tṑ aleíphăte 		τᾰ̀ ἀλείφᾰτᾰ
tằ aleíphătă
Genitive τοῦ ἀλείφᾰτος
toû aleíphătos 		τοῖν ἀλειφᾰ́τοιν
toîn aleiphắtoin 		τῶν ἀλειφᾰ́των
tôn aleiphắtōn
Dative τῷ ἀλείφᾰτῐ
tōî aleíphătĭ 		τοῖν ἀλειφᾰ́τοιν
toîn aleiphắtoin 		τοῖς ἀλείφᾰσῐ / ἀλείφᾰσῐν
toîs aleíphăsĭ(n)
Accusative τὸ ἄλειφᾰρ
tò áleiphăr 		τὼ ἀλείφᾰτε
tṑ aleíphăte 		τᾰ̀ ἀλείφᾰτᾰ
tằ aleíphătă
Vocative ἄλειφᾰρ
áleiphăr 		ἀλείφᾰτε
aleíphăte 		ἀλείφᾰτᾰ
aleíphătă
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

References

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