ἄρχων

See also: άρχων and αρχών

Ancient Greek

Etymology

A noun use of the present participle of ἄρχω (árkhō, “to rule”).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ár.kʰɔːn/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈar.kʰon/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈar.xon/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈar.xon/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈar.xon/

Noun

ᾰ̓́ρχων • (ắrkhōn) m (genitive ᾰ̓́ρχοντος); third declension

ruler
archon, a chief magistrate at Athens

Declension

Third declension of ὁ ᾰ̓́ρχων; τοῦ ᾰ̓́ρχοντος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ ᾰ̓́ρχων ho ắrkhōn	τὼ ᾰ̓́ρχοντε tṑ ắrkhonte	οἱ ᾰ̓́ρχοντες hoi ắrkhontes
Genitive	τοῦ ᾰ̓́ρχοντος toû ắrkhontos	τοῖν ᾰ̓ρχόντοιν toîn ărkhóntoin	τῶν ᾰ̓ρχόντων tôn ărkhóntōn
Dative	τῷ ᾰ̓́ρχοντῐ tōî ắrkhontĭ	τοῖν ᾰ̓ρχόντοιν toîn ărkhóntoin	τοῖς ᾰ̓́ρχουσῐ / ᾰ̓́ρχουσῐν toîs ắrkhousĭ(n)
Accusative	τὸν ᾰ̓́ρχοντᾰ tòn ắrkhontă	τὼ ᾰ̓́ρχοντε tṑ ắrkhonte	τοὺς ᾰ̓́ρχοντᾰς toùs ắrkhontăs
Vocative	ᾰ̓́ρχον ắrkhon	ᾰ̓́ρχοντε ắrkhonte	ᾰ̓́ρχοντες ắrkhontes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Related terms

ἀρχός (arkhós)

Participle

ᾰ̓́ρχων • (ắrkhōn) m (feminine ᾰ̓́ρχουσᾰ, neuter ᾰ̓́ρχον); first/third declension

present active participle of ᾰ̓́ρχω (ắrkhō)

Inflection

First and third declension of ᾰ̓́ρχων; ᾰ̓́ρχουσᾰ; ᾰ̓́ρχον (Attic)

Number	Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	ᾰ̓́ρχων ắrkhōn	ᾰ̓́ρχουσᾰ ắrkhousă	ᾰ̓́ρχον ắrkhon	ᾰ̓́ρχοντε ắrkhonte	ᾰ̓ρχούσᾱ ărkhoúsā	ᾰ̓́ρχοντε ắrkhonte	ᾰ̓́ρχοντες ắrkhontes	ᾰ̓́ρχουσαι ắrkhousai	ᾰ̓́ρχοντᾰ ắrkhontă
Genitive	ᾰ̓́ρχοντος ắrkhontos	ᾰ̓ρχούσης ărkhoúsēs	ᾰ̓́ρχοντος ắrkhontos	ᾰ̓ρχόντοιν ărkhóntoin	ᾰ̓ρχούσαιν ărkhoúsain	ᾰ̓ρχόντοιν ărkhóntoin	ᾰ̓ρχόντων ărkhóntōn	ᾰ̓ρχουσῶν ărkhousôn	ᾰ̓ρχόντων ărkhóntōn
Dative	ᾰ̓́ρχοντῐ ắrkhontĭ	ᾰ̓ρχούσῃ ărkhoúsēi	ᾰ̓́ρχοντῐ ắrkhontĭ	ᾰ̓ρχόντοιν ărkhóntoin	ᾰ̓ρχούσαιν ărkhoúsain	ᾰ̓ρχόντοιν ărkhóntoin	ᾰ̓́ρχουσῐ / ᾰ̓́ρχουσῐν ắrkhousĭ(n)	ᾰ̓ρχούσαις ărkhoúsais	ᾰ̓́ρχουσῐ / ᾰ̓́ρχουσῐν ắrkhousĭ(n)
Accusative	ᾰ̓́ρχοντᾰ ắrkhontă	ᾰ̓́ρχουσᾰν ắrkhousăn	ᾰ̓́ρχον ắrkhon	ᾰ̓́ρχοντε ắrkhonte	ᾰ̓ρχούσᾱ ărkhoúsā	ᾰ̓́ρχοντε ắrkhonte	ᾰ̓́ρχοντᾰς ắrkhontăs	ᾰ̓ρχούσᾱς ărkhoúsās	ᾰ̓́ρχοντᾰ ắrkhontă
Vocative	ᾰ̓́ρχων ắrkhōn	ᾰ̓́ρχουσᾰ ắrkhousă	ᾰ̓́ρχον ắrkhon	ᾰ̓́ρχοντε ắrkhonte	ᾰ̓ρχούσᾱ ărkhoúsā	ᾰ̓́ρχοντε ắrkhonte	ᾰ̓́ρχοντες ắrkhontes	ᾰ̓́ρχουσαι ắrkhousai	ᾰ̓́ρχοντᾰ ắrkhontă
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

Greek: άρχοντας (árchontas), άρχων (árchon)
→ Arabic: أَرْخُون (ʔarḵūn), أَرْكُون (ʔarkūn)
→ Aramaic:
Palmyrene Aramaic: 𐡠𐡴𐡪𐡥𐡮𐡠 (ʾrkwnʾ /⁠ʾarkōnā⁠/)

Christian Palestinian Aramaic: ܐܪܟܘܢܐ (ʾrkwnʾ /⁠ʾarkōnā⁠/)

Jewish Palestinian Aramaic, Jewish Literary Aramaic, Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: ארכונא (ʾrkwnʾ /⁠ʾarkōnā⁠/)

Classical Syriac: ܐܪܟܘܢܐ (ʾrkwnʾ /⁠ʾarkōnā⁠/)
- Old Armenian: արքուն- (arkʻun-), արքայ (arkʻay)
→ Coptic: ⲁⲣⲭⲱⲛ (arkhōn)
→ Latin: archōn (see there for further descendants)
→ English: archon