ἤνυστρον

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

ἔνυστρον (énustron)

Etymology

The formation with ἔν- perhaps arose under the influence of ἔντερον (énteron, “intestine”) and ἐγκοίλιος (enkoílios, “entrails”), but it is late in any case. Assuming *ϝήνυστρον (*wḗnustron), this word is traditionally connected with Icelandic vinstur (“abomasum”), but it differs regarding the quantity of the first syllable and the color of the intermediate vowel. As a pre-form, *wend-tri- has been assumed, comparing German Wanst (“belly”), Latin venter (“belly”) and Sanskrit वस्ति (vasti, “bladder”). However, a digamma is uncertain, and the connection with these words seems most improbable, as the forms are not well comparable. According to Beekes, the ending in -στρον is Pre-Greek.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ɛ̌ː.nys.tron/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈe̝.nys.tron/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈi.nys.tron/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈi.nys.tron/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈi.nis.tron/

Noun

ἤνῠστρον • (ḗnŭstron) n (genitive ἠνῠ́στρου); second declension

abomasum, rennet stomach
(cooking) as a dish made of rennet stomach
- 424 BCE, Aristophanes, The Knights 356
- 424 BCE, Aristophanes, The Knights 1179

Inflection

Second declension of τὸ ἤνῠστρον; τοῦ ἠνῠ́στρου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ ἤνῠστρον tò ḗnŭstron	τὼ ἠνῠ́στρω tṑ ēnŭ́strō	τᾰ̀ ἤνῠστρᾰ tằ ḗnŭstră
Genitive	τοῦ ἠνῠ́στρου toû ēnŭ́strou	τοῖν ἠνῠ́στροιν toîn ēnŭ́stroin	τῶν ἠνῠ́στρων tôn ēnŭ́strōn
Dative	τῷ ἠνῠ́στρῳ tōî ēnŭ́strōi	τοῖν ἠνῠ́στροιν toîn ēnŭ́stroin	τοῖς ἠνῠ́στροις toîs ēnŭ́strois
Accusative	τὸ ἤνῠστρον tò ḗnŭstron	τὼ ἠνῠ́στρω tṑ ēnŭ́strō	τᾰ̀ ἤνῠστρᾰ tằ ḗnŭstră
Vocative	ἤνῠστρον ḗnŭstron	ἠνῠ́στρω ēnŭ́strō	ἤνῠστρᾰ ḗnŭstră
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.