ㄜ

See also: ㄛ, 𠀀, 丂, ㄮ, ㆦ, ㆧ, and ㆱ

ㄜ	U+311C, ㄜ BOPOMOFO LETTER E

← ㄛ
[U+311B]

Bopomofo

ㄝ →
[U+311D]

Translingual

Stroke order

Letter

ㄜ

type: monophthong rhyme
general transliteration: e
keyboard key: K

Descendants

ㄛ, ㄮ, ㆦ, ㆧ, ㆱ,

Chinese

Glyph origin

In the late twenties or early thirties of the 20th century, it appeared as a simplification of ㄮ (ē), writing the dot and the second stoke of the bottom part ㄛ (ō) with one stroke. ㄮ (ē) was itself derived from ㄛ (ō) in 1920, when a new allophone appeared, writing a dot to differentiate between them. The letter ㄛ (ō) is itself derived from 𠀀, inhalation, the reverse of 丂 (kǎo) and an ancient form of 呵 (Mandarin: hē).

Etymology

Derived from ㄛ (ō)(Mandarin: ō), which was derived from 𠀀, inhalation, the reverse of 丂 (kǎo) and an ancient form of 呵 (Mandarin: hē), because Mandarin: ē is its allophone in Standard Chinese.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): ē (e¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄜ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: ē
  - Zhuyin: ㄜ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: e
  - Wade–Giles: o¹
  - Yale: ē
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: e
  - Palladius: э (e)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀɤ⁵⁵/

(general) Phoneme:

Audio (Pinyin); “e” /ɤ/:

(file)

alt. forms: ㄮ (ē), ㄛ (ō) obsolete

(Standard Chinese when pronounced with the neutral tone) Phoneme: IPA^(key): /ə/ (Pinyin: e)

(when pronounced alone) Phoneme:

Audio (Pinyin); “e” /ˀɤ/:

(file)

(some varieties, notably Hakka and Wenzhounese) Phoneme: IPA^(key): /ə/ (Pinyin: e)

Letter

ㄜ

24th letter of the Zhuyin alphabet
36th letter of the extended Zhuyin alphabet

References

全國主要方言區方音對照表, Chinese Character Reform Commission, Beijing: ZhonghuaBook Company, 1954
Unicode Bopomofo block description: https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U3100.pdf

Northern Qiandong Miao

Pronunciation

Phoneme: IPA^(key): /ə/

Letter

ㄜ (eh) (Hutton)

33rd letter of the Hmu Zhuyin alphabet

References

Joakim Enwall, A Myth Become Reality Vol.1 (Stockholm, 1994) page 198