三年

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
さん
Grade: 1
ねん
Grade: 1
goon

(san, three) +‎ (-nen, year)

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) んねん [sàńnéń] (Heiban – [0])
  • IPA(key): [sã̠nːẽ̞ɴ]

Noun

(さん)(ねん) • (sannen

  1. three years; the third year
    (さん)(ねん)ぶりに(まわ)る。
    Sannen buri ni mawaru.
    [It] has come around after three years.
  2. (education) the third school year
    Coordinate terms: 一年, 五年, 二年, 四年, 六年
    (さん)(ねん)(せい)
    sannen-sei
    a third-year student
  3. (figurative) a long period of time, several years
Usage notes

Lower secondary school (middle school, junior high school) and secondary school (high school) each last three years in the contemporary Japanese educational system.

See also

Japanese counter/suffix: (ねん, nen, "years")
NumberKanjiKanaRomaji
1一年いちねんichinen
2二年にねんninen
3三年さんねんsannen
4四年よねんyonen
5五年ごねんgonen
6六年ろくねんrokunen
7七年ななねん、しちねんnananen, shichinen
8八年はちねんhachinen
9九年きゅうねん、くねんkyūnen, kunen
10十年じゅうねんjūnen
11十一年じゅういちねんjūichinen
12十二年じゅうにねんjūninen
13十三年じゅうさんねんjūsannen
20二十年にじゅうねんnijūnen
21二十一年にじゅういちねんnijūichinen
100百年ひゃくねんhyakunen
1,000千年せんねんsennen
10,000一万年いちまんねんichimannen
100,000,000一億年いちおくねんichiokunen
00年零年ゼロねん、れいねんzeronen, reinen
?何年なんねんnannen

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term

Grade: 1
とせ
Grade: 1
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
三歳

() (mi, three) + (とせ) (-tose, year)

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) とせ [mìtósé] (Heiban – [0])
  • IPA(key): [mʲito̞se̞]

Noun

()(とせ) • (mitose

  1. three years; triennial
    • a. 10th century, 伊勢物語 (The Tales of Ise), volume 24:
      あらたまの(とし)()とせ()ちわびてただ
      Aratama no toshi no mitose o machiwabiteta da
      We have been waiting impatiently for year three to arrive
  2. three years old
    Synonym: 三歳 (sansai)
Usage notes

The reading みとせ is less common and may be more restricted in usage than さんねん.

References

  • Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN “さんねん 【三年】”
  • Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN “みとせ 【三歳・三年】”