亹亹

Chinese

		resolute	resolute
trad. (亹亹)		亹	亹
simp. ^#(亹亹)		亹	亹
alternative forms		斖斖

Etymology

Related to 娓娓.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): wěiwěi

(Zhuyin): ㄨㄟˇ ㄨㄟˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): mei⁵ mei⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wěiwěi [Phonetic: wéiwěi]
  - Zhuyin: ㄨㄟˇ ㄨㄟˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wěiwěi
  - Wade–Giles: wei³-wei³
  - Yale: wěi-wěi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: woeiwoei
  - Palladius: вэйвэй (vɛjvɛj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    唯唯
    娓娓
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: mei⁵ mei⁵
  - Yale: méih méih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: mei⁵ mei⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: méi⁵ méi⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mei̯¹³ mei̯¹³/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    娓娓
    靡靡

Middle Chinese: mj+jX mj+jX

Rime
Character	亹
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	微 (21)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	無匪切
Baxter	mj+jX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mʉi^X/
Pan Wuyun	/mʷɨi^X/
Shao Rongfen	/miuəi^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/muj^X/
Li Rong	/miuəi^X/
Wang Li	/mĭwəi^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/mwe̯i^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wěi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	mei⁵

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*mərʔ mərʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*mɯlʔ mɯlʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	亹
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	wěi
Middle Chinese	‹ mjɨj^X ›
Old Chinese	/*mərʔ/
English	diligent
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	亹
Reading #	1/2
No.	13853
Phonetic component	釁
Rime group	微
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	尾
Old Chinese	/*mɯlʔ/

Adjective

亹亹

(literary, ideophonic) diligent; industrious; assiduous
(literary, ideophonic) going forward; pressing forward
(literary, ideophonic, of water) flowing
(literary, ideophonic, of poem, article, discussion, etc.) interesting; appealing; attractive
(literary, ideophonic) unending; relentless
(literary, ideophonic) obedient; compliant
(literary, ideophonic) wonderful; magnificent

Synonyms

(diligent):

下力 (xiàlì) (Muping Mandarin)
伶落 (lìng-lŏ̤h) (Eastern Min)
刻苦 (kèkǔ)
力落 (lag⁸ loh⁸) (Teochew)
努力 (nǔlì)
勤力 (qínlì) (literary or Cantonese)
勤勉 (qínmiǎn)
勤勞 / 勤劳 (qínláo)
勤奮 / 勤奋 (qínfèn)
勤快 (qínkuài) (informal)
勤懇 / 勤恳 (qínkěn) (diligent and conscientious)
勤謹 / 勤谨 (Dungan)
堅苦 / 坚苦 (jiānkǔ) (hardworking and persevering)
巴劫 (bājié) (literary)
巴巴結結 / 巴巴结结 (bāba-jiējiē) (regional)
急計 / 急计 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
用功 (yònggōng)
發狠 / 发狠 (fa³ hen⁶) (Xiang)
耐勞 / 耐劳 (nàiláo)
骨力 (Hokkien, Puxian Min)

(wonderful):

佼好 (jiǎohǎo) (literary)
圓滿 / 圆满 (yuánmǎn)
妙 (miào)
妙善 (miàoshàn) (literary)
完滿 / 完满 (wánmǎn)
美善 (měishàn) (literary)
美好 (měihǎo)
美妙 (měimiào)
美滿 / 美满 (měimǎn)
錦繡 / 锦绣 (jǐnxiù) (figurative)

Derived terms

亹亹不倦
亹亹不厭 / 亹亹不厌
亹亹穆穆