以德報怨
Chinese
to use; according to; so as to to use; according to; so as to; in order to; by; with; because; Israel (abbrev.) |
Germany; virtue; goodness Germany; virtue; goodness; morality; ethics; kindness; favour; character; kind |
to avenge a grievance | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (以德報怨) | 以 | 德 | 報怨 | |
| simp. (以德报怨) | 以 | 德 | 报怨 | |
| anagram | 以怨報德／以怨报德 | |||
Etymology
From the Analects, Book 14 (《論語·憲問》):
- 或曰：「以德報怨，何如？」子曰：「何以報德？以直報怨，以德報德。」 [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad.]
- From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Huòyuē: “Yǐ dé bào yuàn, hérú?” Zǐ yuē: “Héyǐ bàodé? Yǐ zhí bào yuàn, yǐ dé bào dé.” [Pinyin]
- Some one said, "What do you say concerning the principle that injury should be recompensed with kindness?" The Master said, "With what then will you recompense kindness? Recompense injury with justice, and recompense kindness with kindness."
或曰：「以德报怨，何如？」子曰：「何以报德？以直报怨，以德报德。」 [Traditional Chinese poetry, simp.]
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: yǐdébàoyuàn
- Zhuyin: ㄧˇ ㄉㄜˊ ㄅㄠˋ ㄩㄢˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yǐdébàoyuàn
- Wade–Giles: i3-tê2-pao4-yüan4
- Yale: yǐ-dé-bàu-ywàn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yiiderbawyuann
- Palladius: идэбаоюань (idɛbaojuanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /i²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɤ³⁵ pɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛn⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: ji5 dak1 bou3 jyun3
- Yale: yíh dāk bou yun
- Cantonese Pinyin: ji5 dak7 bou3 jyn3
- Guangdong Romanization: yi5 deg1 bou3 yun3
- Sinological IPA (key): /jiː¹³ tɐk̚⁵ pou̯³³ jyːn³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Middle Chinese: yiX tok pawH 'jwon|'jwonH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*ləʔ tˤək pˤuk-s [ʔ]o[r]-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*lɯʔ tɯːɡ puːɡs qon|qons/
Idiom
以德報怨