佶屈聱牙

Chinese


trad. (佶屈聱牙)		佶屈	聱牙
simp. ^#(佶屈聱牙)		佶屈	聱牙
alternative forms		詰屈聱牙／诘屈聱牙詰屈謷牙／诘屈謷牙詰誳聱牙／诘𫍮聱牙
anagram		聱牙佶屈

Etymology

From 9th century, Han Yu (韓愈), 《進學解》:

周誥殷盤，佶屈聱牙。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]

周诰殷盘，佶屈聱牙。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

From: c. 813, Han Yu, "On Advancing Scholarship" (《進學解》)

Zhōu Gào Yīn Pán, jíqū'áoyá. [Pinyin]

The Announcements of Zhou and Pan Geng of Yin, with their unpronounceable phonology crooked and rough on the teeth.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jíqū'áoyá

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˊ ㄑㄩㄠˊ ㄧㄚˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): git⁶ wat¹ ngou⁴ ngaa⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jíqū'áoyá
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˊ ㄑㄩㄠˊ ㄧㄚˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jícyu-áoyá
  - Wade–Giles: chi²-chʻü¹-ao²-ya²
  - Yale: jí-chyū-áu-yá
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyichiuaurya
  - Palladius: цзицюйаоя (czicjujaoja)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi³⁵ t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵ ˀɑʊ̯³⁵ jä³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: git⁶ wat¹ ngou⁴ ngaa⁴
  - Yale: giht wāt ngòuh ngàh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: git⁹ wat⁷ ngou⁴ ngaa⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: gid⁶ wed¹ ngou⁴ nga⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiːt̚² wɐt̚⁵ ŋou̯²¹ ŋaː²¹/

Middle Chinese: git khjut ngaw ngae

Rime
Character	佶	屈	聱	牙
Reading #	1/1	2/2	2/3	1/1
Initial (聲)	群 (30)	溪 (29)	疑 (31)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	質 (49)	物 (60)	豪 (89)	麻 (98)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III	I	II
Fanqie	巨乙切	區勿切	五勞切	五加切
Baxter	git	khjut	ngaw	ngae
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɡˠiɪt̚/	/kʰɨut̚/	/ŋɑu/	/ŋˠa/
Pan Wuyun	/ɡᵚit̚/	/kʰiut̚/	/ŋɑu/	/ŋᵚa/
Shao Rongfen	/ɡiet̚/	/kʰiuət̚/	/ŋɑu/	/ŋa/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/gjit̚/	/kʰut̚/	/ŋaw/	/ŋaɨ/
Li Rong	/ɡjĕt̚/	/kʰiuət̚/	/ŋɑu/	/ŋa/
Wang Li	/ɡĭĕt̚/	/kʰĭuət̚/	/ŋɑu/	/ŋa/
Bernhard Karlgren	/gi̯ĕt̚/	/kʰi̯uət̚/	/ŋɑu/	/ŋa/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jí	qu	áo	yá
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gat⁶	fat¹	ngou⁴	ngaa⁴

Idiom

佶屈聱牙

(of a text) difficult to read and understand