侍る
Japanese
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 侍 |
| はべ Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
Etymology
A regular shift from classical form 侍り (haberi), with the ラ行変格活用 (ra-gyō henkaku katsuyō, “r-irregular conjugation”) pattern changing into a 五段活用 (godan katsuyō, “quintigrade conjugation”) pattern.
侍り (haberi) itself is said to be a shift from 這ひ (hahi, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “conjunctive form”) of 這ふ (hafu, classical form of 這う (hau, “to crawl”))) + あり (ari, classical form of ある (aru, “to exist; to be”)).[1]
Pronunciation
Verb
侍る • (haberu) intransitive godan (stem 侍り (haberi), past 侍った (habetta))
Conjugation
Conjugation of "侍る" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 侍ら | はべら | habera |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 侍り | はべり | haberi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 侍る | はべる | haberu |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 侍る | はべる | haberu |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 侍れ | はべれ | habere |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 侍れ | はべれ | habere |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 侍られる | はべられる | haberareru |
| Causative | 侍らせる 侍らす |
はべらせる はべらす |
haberaseru haberasu |
| Potential | 侍れる | はべれる | habereru |
| Volitional | 侍ろう | はべろう | haberō |
| Negative | 侍らない | はべらない | haberanai |
| Negative continuative | 侍らず | はべらず | haberazu |
| Formal | 侍ります | はべります | haberimasu |
| Perfective | 侍った | はべった | habetta |
| Conjunctive | 侍って | はべって | habette |
| Hypothetical conditional | 侍れば | はべれば | habereba |
Classical conjugation of "侍り" (ラ行変格活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Irrealis (未然形) | 侍ら | はべら | fabera | |
| Continuative (連用形) | 侍り | はべり | faberi | |
| Terminal (終止形) | 侍り | はべり | faberi | |
| Attributive (連体形) | 侍る | はべる | faberu | |
| Realis (已然形) | 侍れ | はべれ | fabere | |
| Imperative (命令形) | 侍れ | はべれ | fabere | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Negative | 侍らず | はべらず | faberazu | |
| Contrasting conjunction | 侍れど | はべれど | faberedo | |
| Causal conjunction | 侍れば | はべれば | fabereba | |
| Conditional conjunction | 侍らば | はべらば | faberaba | |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 侍りき | はべりき | faberiki | |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 侍りけり | はべりけり | faberikeri | |
| Perfect tense (conscious action) | 侍りつ | はべりつ | faberitu | |
| Perfect tense (natural event) | 侍りぬ | はべりぬ | faberinu | |
| Perfect-continuative tense | 侍りたり[1] | はべりたり | faberitari | |
| Volitional | 侍らむ | はべらむ | faberamu | |
| [1]Often proscribed due to a redundancy of having 2 あり. | ||||
References
- ^ “侍る”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006