修行
Chinese
to decorate; to embellish; to repair to decorate; to embellish; to repair; to build; to study; to write; to cultivate |
to go; to do; capable to go; to do; capable; all right; competent; OK; to travel; temporary; to walk; will do; behaviour; conduct; a row; profession; professional | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (修行) | 修 | 行 | |
| simp. #(修行) | 修 | 行 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: xiūxíng
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄡ ㄒㄧㄥˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: siousíng
- Wade–Giles: hsiu1-hsing2
- Yale: syōu-syíng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shioushyng
- Palladius: сюсин (sjusin)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ ɕiŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: sau1 hang4 / sau1 hang6
- Yale: sāu hàhng / sāu hahng
- Cantonese Pinyin: sau1 hang4 / sau1 hang6
- Guangdong Romanization: seo1 heng4 / seo1 heng6
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɐu̯⁵⁵ hɐŋ²¹/, /sɐu̯⁵⁵ hɐŋ²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: siû-hàng
- Hakka Romanization System: xiuˊ hangˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: xiu1 hang2
- Sinological IPA: /si̯u²⁴ haŋ¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siu-hēng
- Tâi-lô: siu-hīng
- Phofsit Daibuun: siu'heng
- IPA (Xiamen): /siu⁴⁴⁻²² hiɪŋ²²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /siu³³ hiɪŋ⁴¹/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /siu⁴⁴⁻²² hiɪŋ²²/
- IPA (Taipei): /siu⁴⁴⁻³³ hiɪŋ³³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /siu⁴⁴⁻³³ hiɪŋ³³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: siu1 gian5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: siu kiâⁿ
- Sinological IPA (key): /siu³³⁻²³ kĩã⁵⁵/
- (Hokkien)
Verb
修行
- to cultivate one's spiritual virtues; to train oneself; to work at self-improvement
- (religion) to practise Buddhism or Taoism; specifically, a sadhana of either one
Derived terms
- 公門中好修行 / 公门中好修行
- 公門之中好修行 / 公门之中好修行
- 公門修行 / 公门修行
- 公門裡好修行 / 公门里好修行
- 出家修行
- 半路修行
- 師父領進門，修行在個人 / 师父领进门，修行在个人
- 帶髮修行 / 带发修行
- 恨苦修行
- 束身修行
Descendants
Sino-Xenic (修行):
Further reading
- Ding, Fubao (丁福保) (1922), “修行” in 佛學大辭典 [A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms].
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 修 | 行 |
| しゅ Grade: 5 |
ぎょう Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi | |
Pronunciation
Noun
修行 or 修行 • (shugyō or sugyō)
- training
- 厳しい修行に励んだ。
- Kibishii shugyō ni hagenda.
- We were training hard.
- 厳しい修行に励んだ。
- (Buddhism) sadhana; ascetic practices
Verb
修行する or 修行する • (shugyō suru or sugyō suru) suru (stem 修行し (shugyō shi), past 修行した (shugyō shita))
Conjugation
Conjugation of "修行する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 修行し | しゅぎょうし | shugyō shi | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 修行し | しゅぎょうし | shugyō shi | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 修行する | しゅぎょうする | shugyō suru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 修行する | しゅぎょうする | shugyō suru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 修行すれ | しゅぎょうすれ | shugyō sure | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 修行せよ¹ 修行しろ² |
しゅぎょうせよ¹ しゅぎょうしろ² |
shugyō seyo¹ shugyō shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 修行される | しゅぎょうされる | shugyō sareru | |
| Causative | 修行させる 修行さす |
しゅぎょうさせる しゅぎょうさす |
shugyō saseru shugyō sasu | |
| Potential | 修行できる | しゅぎょうできる | shugyō dekiru | |
| Volitional | 修行しよう | しゅぎょうしよう | shugyō shiyō | |
| Negative | 修行しない | しゅぎょうしない | shugyō shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 修行せず | しゅぎょうせず | shugyō sezu | |
| Formal | 修行します | しゅぎょうします | shugyō shimasu | |
| Perfective | 修行した | しゅぎょうした | shugyō shita | |
| Conjunctive | 修行して | しゅぎょうして | shugyō shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 修行すれば | しゅぎょうすれば | shugyō sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
References
- 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 修 | 行 |
Noun
修行 • (suhaeng) (hangeul 수행)
Vietnamese
| chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
|---|---|
| 修 | 行 |
Noun
修行