倫

See also: 伦

倫	U+502B, 倫 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-502B

← 倪
[U+502A]

CJK Unified Ideographs

倬 →
[U+502C]

倫	U+F9D4, 倫 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9D4

← 陸
[U+F9D3]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

崙 →
[U+F9D5]

Translingual

Han character

倫 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+8, 10 strokes, cangjie input 人人一月 (OOMB), four-corner 2822₇, composition ⿰亻侖)

Derived characters

𠹹, 溣, 𨫅, 𦷉

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 109, character 3
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 793
Dae Jaweon: page 232, character 1
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 181, character 1
Unihan data for U+502B

Unihan data for U+F9D4

Chinese

trad.		倫
simp.		伦

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 倫
Small seal script s05751 Transcribed ancient scripts L31442 L31443 L31444 L31445 L31446 L05384 L05385 L05386 L05387 L05388 L05389 L05390
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (侖) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
蜦	ruːls, run
綸	kruːn, ɡ·run
論	ruːn, ruːns, *run
崘	*ruːn
掄	ruːn, run
菕	*ruːn
惀	ruːnʔ, run
睔	ɡ·ruːnʔ, kuːns, *ɡuːnʔ
碖	ruːnʔ, ruːns
溣	*ruːns
倫	*run
淪	*run
輪	*run
侖	*run
陯	*run
鯩	*run
棆	*run
踚	*run
耣	*runʔ
錀	*pqʰlun

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *run): semantic 人 + phonetic 侖 (OC *run).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): lún (lun²)

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄨㄣˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): leon⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): lùn

(Meixian, Guangdong): lun²
Eastern Min (BUC): lùng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): lûn

(Teochew, Peng'im): lung⁵
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶len

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: lún
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄣˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: lún
  - Wade–Giles: lun²
  - Yale: lwún
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luen
  - Palladius: лунь (lunʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lu̯ən³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: leon⁴
  - Yale: lèuhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: loen⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: lên⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɵn²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lùn
  - Hakka Romanization System: lun^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: lun²
  - Sinological IPA: /lun¹¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: lun²
  - Sinological IPA: /lun¹¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: lùng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /l̃uŋ⁵³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lûn
  - Tâi-lô: lûn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: luun
  - IPA (Xiamen): /lun²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /lun²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /lun¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /lun²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /lun²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: lung⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lûng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /luŋ⁵⁵/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶len
  - MiniDict: len^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³len
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /lən²³/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 倫
Mandarin	Beijing	/luən³⁵/
	Harbin	/luən²⁴/
	Tianjin	/luən⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/luẽ⁴²/
	Qingdao	/luə̃⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/luən⁴²/
	Xi'an	/lyẽ²⁴/
	Xining	/lyə̃²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/luŋ⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/lũn⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/luŋ⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/nən²¹³/
	Chengdu	/nən³¹/
	Guiyang	/len²¹/
	Kunming	/luə̃³¹/
	Nanjing	/lun²⁴/
	Hefei	/lən⁵⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/luəŋ¹¹/
	Pingyao	/luŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/lỹŋ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/ləŋ²³/
	Suzhou	/lən¹³/
	Hangzhou	/len²¹³/
	Wenzhou	/laŋ³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/lʌ̃⁴⁴/
Hui	Tunxi
Xiang	Changsha	/lən¹³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/nən¹²/
Gan	Nanchang	/lɨn⁴⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/lun¹¹/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/lin⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/løn²¹/
	Nanning	/lɐn²¹/
	Hong Kong	/løn²¹/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/lun³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/luŋ⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/lœyŋ²¹/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/luŋ⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/lun³¹/

Middle Chinese: lwin

Rime
Character	倫
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	諄 (47)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	力迍切
Baxter	lwin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/liuɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/lʷin/
Shao Rongfen	/ljuen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lwin/
Li Rong	/liuĕn/
Wang Li	/lĭuĕn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/li̯uĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lún
Expected Cantonese Reflex	leon⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]u[n]/

(Zhengzhang): /*run/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	倫
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	lún
Middle Chinese	‹ lwin ›
Old Chinese	/*[r]u[n]/
English	relationship; order; category
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	倫
Reading #	1/1
No.	8661
Phonetic component	侖
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	淪
Old Chinese	/*run/

Definitions

倫

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) the same type/kind/class; equal; match
無與倫比／无与伦比 ― wúyǔlúnbǐ ― beyond compare; unrivaled; unequalled; in a class of its own

絕倫／绝伦 ― juélún ― unsurpassed; unequalled; peerless; matchless
normal human relationships; ethics
倫理／伦理 ― lúnlǐ ― ethics; morality; moral principles, normative ethics

倫常／伦常 ― lúncháng ― feudal order of importance or seniority in human relationships

人倫／人伦 ― rénlún ― human relations (according to feudal ethics)
(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) reason; logic
coherence; order; logical sequence
語無倫次／语无伦次 ― yǔwúlúncì ― to speak incoherently
a surname

Compounds

不倫 / 不伦 (bùlún)
不倫不類 / 不伦不类 (bùlúnbùlèi)
不逮人倫 / 不逮人伦
亂倫 / 乱伦 (luànlún)
五倫 / 五伦 (wǔlún)
人倫 / 人伦 (rénlún)
伶倫 / 伶伦
倫儔 / 伦俦
倫匹 / 伦匹
倫巴 / 伦巴 (lúnbā)
倫常 / 伦常 (lúncháng)
倫序 / 伦序
倫敦 / 伦敦 (Lúndūn)
倫敦宣言 / 伦敦宣言
倫敦影展 / 伦敦影展
倫敦鐵塔 / 伦敦铁塔
倫次 / 伦次 (lúncì)
倫比 / 伦比 (lúnbǐ)
倫理 / 伦理 (lúnlǐ)
倫理學 / 伦理学 (lúnlǐxué)
倫理道德 / 伦理道德
倫紀 / 伦纪
倫類 / 伦类
傑克倫敦 / 杰克伦敦
傲視群倫 / 傲视群伦
儕倫 / 侪伦
克倫威爾 / 克伦威尔 (Kèlúnwēi'ěr)
克魯倫河 / 克鲁伦河
出倫之才 / 出伦之才
加倫河 / 加伦河
勞倫斯 / 劳伦斯 (Láolúnsī)
卓絕群倫 / 卓绝群伦
卡倫 / 卡伦
可倫坡 / 可伦坡 (Kělúnpō)
呼倫池 / 呼伦池
哥倫布 / 哥伦布 (Gēlúnbù)
哥倫比亞 / 哥伦比亚 (Gēlúnbǐyà)
噶倫 / 噶伦 (gálún)
土倫 / 土伦 (Tǔlún)
多倫多 / 多伦多 (Duōlúnduō)
多倫縣 / 多伦县
大倫 / 大伦
天倫 / 天伦 (tiānlún)
天倫之慘 / 天伦之惨
天倫之樂 / 天伦之乐 (tiānlúnzhīlè)
天倫庭闈 / 天伦庭闱
工作倫理 / 工作伦理
巴比倫 / 巴比伦 (Bābǐlún)
布倫口 / 布伦口 (Bùlúnkǒu)
布倫托海 / 布伦托海
布倫森 / 布伦森
常倫 / 常伦
庫倫 / 库伦 (kùlún)
彝倫
彝倫攸斁 / 彝伦攸𭣧
彥倫鶴怨 / 彦伦鹤怨
悖倫 / 悖伦
愛倫凱 / 爱伦凯
愛倫坡 / 爱伦坡
拜倫 / 拜伦 (Bàilún)
敦倫 / 敦伦 (dūnlún)
敷教明倫 / 敷教明伦
明倫堂 / 明伦堂
曠古絕倫 / 旷古绝伦
校園倫理 / 校园伦理
海倫 / 海伦 (Hǎilún)
烏蘭木倫 / 乌兰木伦 (Wūlánmùlún)
無與倫比 / 无与伦比 (wúyǔlúnbǐ)
穎悟絕倫 / 颖悟绝伦
等倫 / 等伦
精妙絕倫 / 精妙绝伦
精美絕倫 / 精美绝伦
精采絕倫 / 精采绝伦
索倫 / 索伦 (Suǒlún)
絕世無倫 / 绝世无伦
絕世超倫 / 绝世超伦
絕倫 / 绝伦 (juélún)
絕倫超群 / 绝伦超群
綱常倫紀 / 纲常伦纪
羅家倫 / 罗家伦
群倫 / 群伦 (qúnlún)
舉世無倫 / 举世无伦
色藝絕倫 / 色艺绝伦
荒謬絕倫 / 荒谬绝伦 (huāngmiùjuélún)
華倫泰節 / 华伦泰节
蔡倫 / 蔡伦
裴倫 / 裴伦
語妙絕倫 / 语妙绝伦
語無倫次 / 语无伦次 (yǔwúlúncì)
超世絕倫 / 超世绝伦
超倫 / 超伦
越次超倫 / 越次超伦
超然邁倫 / 超然迈伦
超絕群倫 / 超绝群伦
超群絕倫 / 超群绝伦
超邁絕倫 / 超迈绝伦
軼倫 / 轶伦
逆倫 / 逆伦
逸群絕倫 / 逸群绝伦
鄂倫春族 / 鄂伦春族 (Èlúnchūnzú)
領先群倫 / 领先群伦
麥哲倫 / 麦哲伦 (Màizhélún)

Japanese

Kanji

倫

(Jōyō kanji)

ethics

Readings

Go-on: りん (rin, Jōyō)
Kan-on: りん (rin, Jōyō)
Kun: たぐい (tagui, 倫)、ついで (tsuide, 倫で)、みち (michi, 倫)

Proper noun

倫(りん) • (Rin)

a male given name

Compounds

Korean

Hanja

倫 (eumhun 인륜(人倫) 륜 (illyun ryun), word-initial (South Korea) 인륜(人倫) 윤 (illyun yun))

hanja form^? of 륜/윤 (“morality, humanity, ethics”)
hanja form^? of 륜/윤 (“duty”)

Vietnamese

Han character

倫: Hán Nôm readings: luân, luồn, lùn, lụm

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